Abstract
Despite all endeavors of rationalizing their business processes, organizations still face many types of tasks which cannot be fully automated but which require human intelligence or action to be completed. Cloud labor services provide human workforce on demand as a scalable service in order to meet the needs of organizations that deal with huge but varying workloads of such tasks.
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Notes
- 1.
http://www.mturk.com, last accessed on July 1, 2013.
- 2.
https://www.odesk.com, last accessed on July 1, 2013.
- 3.
http://99designs.com/, last accessed on July 1, 2013.
- 4.
http://www.spreadshirt.com/, last accessed on July 1, 2013.
- 5.
http://www.wikipedia.org, last accessed on July 1, 2013.
- 6.
http://www.ask500people.com/, last accessed on July 1, 2013.
- 7.
http://www.innocentive.com, last accessed on July 1, 2013.
- 8.
See Sect. 2.5.1 for a comprehensive description of the platform.
- 9.
http://www.youtube.com/, last accessed on July 1, 2013.
- 10.
http://www.facebook.com/, last accessed on July 1, 2013.
- 11.
http://castingwords.com/, last accessed on July 1, 2013.
- 12.
Refer to Sect. 8.1.
- 13.
The CrowdFlower platform will be described in Sect. 2.5.1.
- 14.
CastingWords will be discussed in detail in Sect. 3.3.5.
- 15.
http://castingwords.com/support/transcription-faq.html, last accessed on March 11, 2012.
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http://www.copyscape.com/, last accessed on July 1, 2013.
- 18.
The directory does not just comprise crowd labor platforms but also other sites that build there business model on the concept of cloud labor.
- 19.
See FAQ section on the help page of (Amazon Inc. 2013a).
- 20.
See developer section of the MTurk requester website (Amazon Inc. 2013a).
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- 24.
http://www.utest.com/about, last accessed on April 2, 2013.
- 25.
See apps and case studies on (Amazon Inc. 2013a).
- 26.
See solution overview on http://crowdflower.com/products, last accessed on February 6, 2013.
- 27.
This distinction was originally proposed in the self-determination theory by Deci and Ryan (1985).
- 28.
For example, in a programming task, direct feedback could be received if the workers test the code that they have developed.
- 29.
http://turkernation.com, last accessed on July 1, 2013.
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http://mturkforum.com, last accessed on July 1, 2013.
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http://turkernation.com/faq.php?faq=vb3_board_faq, last accessed on February 17, 2013.
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- 33.
http://liquidspace.com, last accessed on February 16, 2013.
- 34.
In his paper, he specifically focuses on the US and discusses to what extent the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) and the National Labor Relations Act (NLRA) are applicable to crowdsourcing.
- 35.
http://www.dgb.de/uber-uns/dgb-heute/mitgliederzahlen/2010, last accessed on April 3, 2013.
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Kern, R. (2014). Cloud Labor Services. In: Dynamic Quality Management for Cloud Labor Services. Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing, vol 192. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-09776-3_2
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