Abstract
In this study, we assessed the potentialities of using the phosphate washing by-products as row materials for the production of lightweight aggregates. Sludge samples from different washing plants have been physic-chemically characterized. Slurries were dried, milled and shaped into spherical pellets. These raw aggregates were sintered for 5 min in the laboratory kiln at different temperatures between 1,120 and 1,180 °C. The bloating potential of the lightweight aggregates as well as the effect of the firing temperatures on their properties (expansion, apparent density, water absorption and compressive strength) were assessed. The mineralogical data shows that the collected sludge samples are mainly composed of carbonates, francolite, clinoptilolite, quartz and feldspars; smectite, palygorskite and sepiolite are also present as clayey fractions. Chemically, the samples exhibited significant amount of SiO2, CaO, and P2O5. When sintered, the aggregates expand; this expansion results from the concomitant reaction of gas release and viscous phase formation. The produced lightweight aggregates revealed acceptable technological properties with apparent density values often lower than 0.9 g/cm3. Moreover, good expansion (60 % in volume) and water absorption (close to 10 %) were obtained. These results are encouraging and allow considering the studied sludge as promising material for the production of lightweight aggregates.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Ausland G, Stevik TK, Hanssen J, Køhler JC, Jensessen PD (2002) Intermittent filtration of wastewater-removal of fecal coliforms and fecal streptococci. Water Res 36:3507–3516
Baykal G, Doven AG (2000) Utilization of fly ash by pelletization process; theory, application areas and research results. Resour Conserv Recycl 30:59–77
Chang FC, Lo SL, Lee MY, Ko CH, Lin JD, Huang SC, Wang CF (2007) Leachability of metals from sludge-based artificial lightweight aggregate. J Hazard Mater 146:98–105
Dahab AS (1980)”Les argiles expansibles: caractérisation minéralogique et chimique. Expansion statique: application à la culture sans sol. PhD thesis, University of Nancy
Dahab AS, Champetier Y (1984) Recherches sur les argiles égyptiennes pour la production de granulats legers. Bull Int Assoc Eng Geol 30:361–365
Decleer J, Viaene W (1993) Rupelian Boom clay as raw material for expanded clay manufacturing. Appl Clay Sci 8:111–128
De’Gennaro R, Capelletti P, Cerri G, de’ Gennaro M, Dondi, M, Langella A (2004) Zeolitic tuffs as raw materials for lightweight aggregates. Appl Clay Sci 25:71–81
Ducman V, Mladenovič A, Šuput JS (2002) Lightwheight aggregate based on waste glass and its alcai-silica reactivity. Cem Concr Res 32:223–226
Fakhfakh E, Hajjaji W, Medhioub M, Rocha F, Lopez-Galindo A, Setti M, Kooli F, Zargouni F, Jamoussi F (2007) Effect of sand addition on production of lightweight aggregates from Tunisian smectite-rich clayey rocks. Appl Clay Sci 35:228–237
Fragoulis D, Stamatakis G, Chaniotakis E, Columbus G (2004) Characterization of lightweight aggregates produced with clayey diatomite rocks originated from Greece. Mater Charact 53:307–316
González corrochano B, Alonso Azcarate J, Rodas M (2009) Characterization of lightweight aggregates manufactured from washing aggregate sludge and fly ash. Resour Conserv Recycl 53:571–581
Huang SC, Chang FC, Lo SL, Lee MY, Wang CF, Lin JD (2007) Production of lightweight aggregate from mining residues, heavy metal sludge, and incinerator fly ash. J Hazard Mater 144:52–58
Li Y, Wu D, Zhang J, Chang L, Frang Z, Shi Y (2000) Mesurement and statistics of single pellet mecanical strength of differently shaped catalysts. Powder Technol 113:176–184
Liaw CT, Chang HL, Hsu WC, Huang CR (1998) A novel method to reuse paper sludge and co- generation ashes from paper mill. J Hazard Mater 58:93–102
Riley CM (1951) Relation of chemical properties to the bloating of clays. J Am Ceram Soc 34:121–128
UNE-EN-13055-1 (2003) Aridos ligeros. Parte 1 : Aridos ligeros para hormigon, mortero e inyectado
Verma CL, Handa SK, Jain SK, Yadav RK (1998) Techno- commercial perspective study for sintered fly ash light-weight aggregates in India. Constr Build Mater 12:341–346
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2015 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this paper
Cite this paper
Fakhfakh, E. et al. (2015). Production of Lightweight Aggregates from Phosphate Washing Plant Sludge. In: Lollino, G., Manconi, A., Guzzetti, F., Culshaw, M., Bobrowsky, P., Luino, F. (eds) Engineering Geology for Society and Territory - Volume 5. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-09048-1_11
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-09048-1_11
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-09047-4
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-09048-1
eBook Packages: Earth and Environmental ScienceEarth and Environmental Science (R0)