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Cell Therapy in Cardiac Diseases

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Introduction to Translational Cardiovascular Research

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Abstract

The mammalian heart is nowadays viewed as a dynamic organ, capable of endogenous regeneration. However, the intrinsic rate of cardiomyocyte renewal is low and cannot make up for the extensive loss of cardiomyocytes occurring after a major heart injury, such as a myocardial infarction. Multiple cell types (including skeletal myoblasts, bone marrow-derived cells, heart-derived progenitor cells, embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells) have been used in preclinical animal models and in clinical trials to repair or regenerate the injured heart, either directly (through formation of new transplanted tissue) or indirectly (through paracrine stimulation of endogenous regeneration). Herein, we provide a critical assessment of the various cell types used for heart repair and regeneration, discuss the insights arising from the first decade of clinical trials, and touch upon future directions of cell therapy for heart disease.

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Abbreviations

BMMNCs:

Bone marrow mononuclear cells

CABG:

Coronary bypass grafting

CDCs:

Cardiosphere-derived cells

CPCs:

Cardiac progenitor cells

CSps:

Cardiospheres

EF:

Ejection fraction

EPCs:

Endothelial progenitor cells

ESCs:

Embryonic stem cells

GCSF:

Granulocyte colony stimulating factor

HSCs:

Hematopoietic stem cells

iPSCs:

Induced pluripotent stem cells

LV:

Left ventricle

MI:

Myocardial infarction

MRI:

Magnetic resonance imaging

MSCs:

Mesenchymal stromal cells

SKMs:

Skeletal myoblasts

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. 3rd Department of Cardiology, University of Athens, 67th Mikras Asias str, Athens, 11527, Greece

    Vasileios Sousonis MD, Konstantinos Malliaras MD, John Terrovitis MD & John Nanas MD, PhD

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  1. Vasileios Sousonis MD
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  2. Konstantinos Malliaras MD
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  3. John Terrovitis MD
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  4. John Nanas MD, PhD
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Konstantinos Malliaras MD .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Academy of Athens, Biomedical Research Foundation, Athens, Greece

    Dennis V. Cokkinos

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†This Chapter is dedicated to the memory of John Terrovitis

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Sousonis, V., Malliaras, K., Terrovitis, J., Nanas, J. (2015). Cell Therapy in Cardiac Diseases. In: Cokkinos, D. (eds) Introduction to Translational Cardiovascular Research. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-08798-6_30

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-08798-6_30

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