Abstract
Electrical energy is a high quality form of energy, which can be easily and efficiently converted into other forms of energy and used to control other lower quality forms of energy [6]. Transformity of energy, which is the amount of one type of energy required to produce a heat equivalent of another type of energy, is an important factor of the quality of energy.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Cleveland CJ (1992) Energy quality and energy surplus in the extraction of fossil fuels in the U.S. Ecological Economics 6(2):139–162
Frenzel B, Kurzweil P, Rönnebeck H (2011) Electromobility concept for racing cars based on lithium-ion batteries and supercapacitors. Journal of Power Sources 196(12):5364–5376
Koushanfar F (2010) Hierarchical hybrid power supply networks. In: Proceedings of the ACM/IEEE Design Automation Conference (DAC), pp 629–630
Lukic S, Wirasingha S, Rodriguez F, Cao J, Emadi A (2006) Power management of an ultracapacitor/battery hybrid energy storage system in an HEV. In: Proceedings of the IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference (VPPC), pp 1–6
Moreno J, Ortuzar M, Dixon J (2006) Energy-management system for a hybrid electric vehicle, using ultracapacitors and neural networks. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics 53(2):614–623
Odum HT (1975) Energy quality and carrying capacity of the earth. Tropical Ecology 16(1):14
Odum HT (1988) Self-organization, transformity, and information. Science 242(4882): 1132–1138
Park C, Seo J, Seo D, Kim S, Kim B (2003) Cost-efficient memory architecture design of nand flash memory embedded systems. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer Design (ICCD), pp 474–480
Pedram M, Chang N, Kim Y, Wang Y (2010) Hybrid electrical energy storage systems. In: Proceedings of the ACM/IEEE International Symposium on Low-Power Electronics and Design (ISLPED), pp 363–368
Thounthong P, Raël S, Davat B (2009) Energy management of fuel cell/battery/supercapacitor hybrid power source for vehicle applications. Journal of Power Sources 193(1):376–385
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2014 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Kim, Y., Chang, N. (2014). Introduction. In: Design and Management of Energy-Efficient Hybrid Electrical Energy Storage Systems. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-07281-4_1
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-07281-4_1
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-07280-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-07281-4
eBook Packages: EnergyEnergy (R0)