Abstract
Convection and turbulence in the atmospheres of A-types and cooler stars produce observable effects. A discussion of the 1-D parameterization via mixing-length, microturbulence and macroturbulence is presented, along with a comparison of various calibrations. Overcoming some of the limitations of 1-D model atmospheres, 2-D and 3-D hydrodynamic simulations can yield improved fits to observed line profiles without the need for these parametrisations.
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Smalley, B. (2014). Convection and Turbulence. In: Niemczura, E., Smalley, B., Pych, W. (eds) Determination of Atmospheric Parameters of B-, A-, F- and G-Type Stars. GeoPlanet: Earth and Planetary Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-06956-2_12
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-06956-2_12
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