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Biomarkers in Major Depressive Disorder: The Role of Mass Spectrometry

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Advancements of Mass Spectrometry in Biomedical Research

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 806))

Abstract

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is common. Despite numerous available treatments, many individuals fail to improve clinically. MDD continues to be diagnosed exclusively via behavioral rather than biological methods. Biomarkers—which include measurements of genes, proteins, and patterns of brain activity—may provide an important objective tool for the diagnosis of MDD or in the rational selection of treatments. Proteomic analysis and validation of its results as biomarkers is less explored than other areas of biomarker research in MDD. Mass spectrometry (MS) is a comprehensive, unbiased means of proteomic analysis, which can be complemented by directed protein measurements, such as Western Blotting. Prior studies have focused on MS analysis of several human biomaterials in MDD, including human post-mortem brain, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), blood components, and urine. Further studies utilizing MS and proteomic analysis in MDD may help solidify and establish biomarkers for use in diagnosis, identification of new treatment targets, and understanding of the disorder. The ultimate goal is the validation of a biomarker or a biomarker signature that facilitates a convenient and inexpensive predictive test for depression treatment response and helps clinicians in the rational selection of next-step treatments.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported in part by the U.S. Army research office through the Defense University Research Instrumentation Program (DURIP grant #W911NF-11-1-0304). We thank supporters of the Biochemistry & Proteomics Group, specifically Bob and Karen Brown, Bonhomie Imports, Wolverine, and the SciFund challenge contributors.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Biochemistry & Proteomics Group, Department of Chemistry & Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, 8 Clarkson Avenue, Potsdam, NY, 13699-5810, USA

    Alisa G. Woods & Costel C. Darie

  2. SUNY Plattsburgh Neuropsychology Clinic and Psychoeducation Services, 101 Broad Street, Plattsburgh, NY, 12901, USA

    Alisa G. Woods

  3. Mood Disorders and Anxiety Program, Mount Sinai Hospital, 1428 Madison Avenue, New York, NY, 10029, USA

    Dan V. Iosifescu

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  1. Alisa G. Woods
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Correspondence to Alisa G. Woods .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Chemistry and Biomolecular Science Biochemistry and Proteomics Group, Clarkson University, Potsdam, New York, USA

    Alisa G. Woods

  2. Chemistry and Biomolecular Science Biochemistry and Proteomics Group, Clarkson University, Potsdam, New York, USA

    Costel C. Darie

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Woods, A.G., Iosifescu, D.V., Darie, C.C. (2014). Biomarkers in Major Depressive Disorder: The Role of Mass Spectrometry. In: Woods, A., Darie, C. (eds) Advancements of Mass Spectrometry in Biomedical Research. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 806. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-06068-2_27

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