Skip to main content

Developmental Psychologists’ Perspective on Pathways Through School and Beyond

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Advances in Sequence Analysis: Theory, Method, Applications

Part of the book series: Life Course Research and Social Policies ((LCRS,volume 2))

Abstract

This chapter applies sequence analysis—a method rarely applied by psychologists—to examine the transitional pathways of young people through the Finnish education system from a developmental psychologists’ perspective. Our aims were threefold: First, to identify typical pathways; second, to investigate whether psychological resources, operationalized as career goal appraisal, predict a certain educational trajectory; and, third, to examine the extent to which career goal appraisal shows differential change among young people on different educational pathways. Data analyses were based on the FinEdu study, in which N = 611 Finnish students were followed from age 16 (end of comprehensive school) to age 20, when most participants had completed school. At age 20, participants provided life-calendar data which was used to identifying transitional patterns by sequence analysis. Career goals were assessed at ages 16, 18, and 20 years. Our results revealed seven transitional patterns: five related to academic education, one to vocational education, and one dominated by moratorium activities. The results further showed that career goal appraisal weakly predicted transition sequences and was also shaped by the series of educational transitions young people went through.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 109.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 139.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Abbott, A., & Hrycak, A. (1990). Measuring resemblance in sequence data. American Journal of Sociology, 96, 144–185.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Abbott, A., & Tsay, A. (2000). Sequence analysis and optimal matching methods in sociology: Review and prospect. Sociological Methods & Research, 29, 3–33. doi:10.1177/0049124100029001001.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Abele, A. E., & Spurk, D. (2009). The longitudinal impact of self-efficacy and career goals on objective and subjective career success. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 74(1), 53–62. doi:10.1016/j.jvb.2008.10.005.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Aisenbrey, S., & Fasang, A. E. (2010). New life for old ideas: The “Second Wave” of sequence analysis bringing the “Course” Back Into the Life Course. Sociological Methods & Research February, 38, 420–462.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Austin, J. T., & Vancouver, J. B. (1996). Goal constructs in psychology: Structure, process, and content. Psychological Bulletin, 120(3), 338–375. doi:10.1037//0033-2909.120.3.338.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. New York: Freeman.

    Google Scholar 

  • Biemann, T., Zacher, H., & Feldman, D. C. (2012). Career patterns: A twenty-year panel study. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 81(2), 159–170. doi:10.1016/j.jvb.2012.06.003.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brzinsky-Fay, C. (2007). Lost in transition? Labour market entry sequences of school leavers in Europe. European Sociological Review, 23(4), 409–422.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bühlmann, F. (2008). The corrosion of career? Occupational trajectories of engineers and business economists in Switzerland. European Sociological Review, 24(5), 601–616.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Caspi, A., Moffitt, T., Thornton, A., Freedman, D., Amell, J. W., Harrington, H., Smeijers, J., & Silva, P. A. (1996). The life history calendar: A research and clinical assessment method for collecting retrospective event-history data. International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research, 6, 101–114.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cohen, P., Kasen, S., Chen, H., Hartmark, C., & Gordon, K. (2003). Variations in patterns of developmental transmissions in the emerging adulthood period. Developmental Psychology, 39(4), 657–669.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dietrich, J., Jokisaari, M., & Nurmi, J.-E. (2012a). Work-related goal appraisals and stress during the transition from education to work. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 80(1), 82–92. doi:10.1016/j.jvb.2011.07.004.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dietrich, J., Parker, P., & Salmela-Aro, K. (2012b). Phase-adequate engagement at the post-school transition. Developmental Psychology, 48, 1575–1593. doi:10.1037/a0030188.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Eccles, J. S. (2009). Who am I and what am I going to do with my life? Personal and collective identities as motivators of action. Educational Psychologist, 44(2), 78–89. doi:10.1080/00461520902832368.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fouad, N. A., & Bynner, J. (2008). Work transitions. American Psychologist, 63, 241–251. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.63.4.241.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gabadinho, A., Ritschard, G., Studer, M., & Müller, N. (2008). Mining sequence data in R with the TraMineR package: A user’s guide. http://mephisto.unige.ch/traminer. Accessed 01 Apr 2013.

  • Havighurst, R. J. (1948). Developmental tasks and education. New York: Longman.

    Google Scholar 

  • Heckhausen, J., Wrosch, C., & Schulz, R. (2010). A motivational theory of life-span development. Psychological Review, 117(1), 32–60. doi:10.1037/a0017668.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Huang, Q., El-Khouri, B. M., Johansson, G., Lindroth, S., & Sverke, M. (2007). Women’s career patterns: A study of Swedish women born in the 1950s. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 80, 387–412. doi:10.1348/096317906X119738.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lent, R. W., Brown, S. D., & Hackett, G. (1994). Towards a unifying social cognitive theory of career and academic interest, choice and performance. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 45, 79–122. doi:10.1006/jvbe.1994.1027.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Little, B. R. (1983). Personal projects—a rationale and method for investigation. Environment and Behavior, 15(3), 273–309. doi:10.1177/0013916583153002.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Marsh, H. W. (1987). Students’ evaluations of university teaching: Research findings, methodological issues, and directions for future research. International Journal of Educational Research, 11, 253–388. doi:10.1016/0883-0355(87)90001-2.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McVicar, D., & Anyadike-Danes, M. (2002). Predicting successful and unsuccessful transitions from school to work using sequence methods. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series A, 165(2), 317–334. doi:10.1111/1467-985X.00641.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nurmi, J.-E. (1992). Age differences in adult life goals, concerns, and their temporal extension: A life course approach to future-oriented motivation. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 15, 977–991.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nurmi, J.-E., & Salmela-Aro, K. (2002). Goal construction, reconstruction and depressive symptoms in a life-span context: The transition from school to work. Journal of Personality, 70(3), 385–420. doi:10.1111/1467-6494.05009.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nurmi, J.-E., Salmela-Aro, K., & Koivisto, P. (2002). Goal importance and related achievement beliefs and emotions during the transition from vocational school to work: Antecedents and consequences. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 60(2), 241–261. doi:10.1006/jvbe.2001.1866.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nurmi, J.-E., Salmela-Aro, K., & Aunola, K. (2009). Personal goal appraisals vary across both individuals and goal contents. Personality and Individual Differences, 47(5), 498–503. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2009.04.028.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Salmela-Aro, K. (2009). Personal goals and well-being during critical life transitions: The four C’s—channelling, choice, co-agency and compensation. Advances in Life Course Research, 14(1–2), 63–73. doi:10.1016/j.alcr.2009.03.003.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Salmela-Aro, K., Kiuru, N., Nurmi, J.-E., & Eerola, M. (2011). Mapping pathways to adulthood among Finnish university students: Sequences, patterns, variations in family- and work-related roles. Advances in Life Course Research, 16(1), 25–41.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Salmela-Aro, K., & Suikkari, A. (2008). Letting go of your dreams—Adjustment of child related goal appraisals and depressive symptoms during infertility treatment. Journal of Research in Personality, 42(4), 988–1003. doi:0.1016/j.jrp.2008.02.007.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Salmela-Aro, K., & Tynkkynen, L. (2012). Gendered pathways in school burnout among adolescents. Journal of Adolescence, 35(4), 929–939. doi:10.1016/j.adolescence.2012.01.001.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Savickas, M. L. (2011). Career counseling. Washington: American Psychological Association.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sheldon, K. M. (2002). The self-concordance model of healthy goal-striving: When personal goals correctly represent the person. In E. L. Deci & R. M. Ryan (Eds.), Handbook of self-determination research (pp. 65–86). Rochester: University of Rochester Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Statistics Finland. (2010). Education 2010. http://www.stat.fi/til/sijk/2008/sijk_2008_2010-03-23_tie_001_en.html. Accessed 10 May 2013.

  • Stovel, K., Savage, M., & Bearman, P. (1996). Ascription into achievement: Models of career systems at Lloyds Bank, 1890–1970. American Journal of Sociology, 102(2), 358–399.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tuominen-Soini, H., & Salmela-Aro, K. (in press). Schoolwork engagement and burnout among Finnish high school students and young adults: Profiles, progressions, and educational outcomes. Developmental Psychology. doi:10.1037/a0033898.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tynkkynen, L., Tolvanen, A., & Salmela-Aro, K. (2012). Trajectories of educational expectations from adolescence to young adulthood in Finland. Developmental Psychology, 48(6), 1674–1685. doi:10.1037/a0027245.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vasalampi, K., Salmela-Aro, K., & Nurmi, J.-E. (2009). Adolescents’ self-concordance, school engagement and burnout predict their educational trajectories. European Psychologist, 14, 332–341. doi:10.1027/1016-9040.14.4.332.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vasalampi, K., Salmela-Aro, K., & Nurmi, J.-E. (2010). Education-related goal appraisals and self-esteem during the transition to secondary education: A longitudinal study. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 34(6), 481–490. doi:10.1177/0165025409359888.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vasalampi, K., Nurmi, J.-E., Jokisaari, M., & Salmela-Aro, K. (2012). The role of goal-related autonomous motivation, effort and progress in the transition to university. European Journal of Psychology of Education, 27(4), 591–604. doi:10.1007/s10212-011-0098-x.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vondracek, F. W., & Porfeli, E. J. (2008). Social contexts for career guidance throughout the world: Developmental-contextual perspectives on career cross the lifespan. In J. A. Athanasou & R. van Esbroeck (Eds.), International handbook of career guidance (pp. 209–225). New York: Springer.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Wells, R. S., & Lynch, C. M. (2012). Delayed college entry and the socioeconomic gap: Examining the roles of student Plans, family income, parental education, and parental occupation. The Journal of Higher Education, 83(5), 671–697. doi:0.1353/jhe.2012.0028.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Julia Dietrich .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2014 Springer New York Heidelberg Dordrecht London

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Dietrich, J., Andersson, H., Salmela-Aro, K. (2014). Developmental Psychologists’ Perspective on Pathways Through School and Beyond. In: Blanchard, P., Bühlmann, F., Gauthier, JA. (eds) Advances in Sequence Analysis: Theory, Method, Applications. Life Course Research and Social Policies, vol 2. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-04969-4_7

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics