Abstract
The term “Panfacial fracture” implies that fractures will be widespread throughout the facial skeleton. As such, they will probably follow high-energy impacts (possibly with associated comminution), or they may follow multiple impacts (commonly seen in assaults). Fractures to the teeth, mandible, maxilla, zygoma, nasoethmoid (NOE) region, orbits and frontal sinus are therefore all possible. When the skull base is seriously disrupted or there are coexisting neurosurgical injuries, the term “craniofacial” fracture is used.
For a more detailed review of this topic see Atlas of Operative Maxillofacial Trauma Surgery by M Perry and S Holmes.
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© 2014 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
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Perry, M., Holmes, S. (2014). Panfacial Fractures. In: Manual of Operative Maxillofacial Trauma Surgery. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-04459-0_12
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-04459-0_12
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