Abstract
The esophagus can be divided into three anatomic segments: the cervical, thoracic, and abdominal esophagus. Three layers form the esophageal wall: the mucosa, the submucosa, and the muscle layer, with an inner circular and an outer longitudinal layer. The lymphatic drainage is not segmental: lymph can flow for a long distance in the plexus before crossing the muscular layer and reaching the paraesophageal lymph nodes.
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The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.
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Allaix, M.E., Patti, M.G. (2014). Esophageal Anatomy and Physiology. In: Fisichella, P., Allaix, M., Morino, M., Patti, M. (eds) Esophageal Diseases. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-04337-1_1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-04337-1_1
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