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Central Nervous System

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Synopsis of Pathophysiology in Nuclear Medicine

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Abstract

The central nervous system consists of the brain and the spinal cord. The major anatomical divisions of the brain are the cerebrum and the cerebellum, together weighing about 1,400 g in the adult. The cells in the brain are classified as glia or neurons. About 10,000 different types of neurons totaling approximately 100 billion neurons comprise the human brain. The cerebral cortex consists of two hemispheres connected by a large mass of white matter called the corpus callosum. The surface layer of each hemisphere is folded into gyri comprising the gray matter. The brain is divided into functional areas called the frontal lobe (anterior to the central sulcus) and the parietal lobe (posterior to this sulcus). The occipital lobe lies below the parieto-occipital sulcus, and the temporal lobe is situated below the lateral sulcus (Figs. 12.1 and 12.2). Knowledge of cross-sectional anatomy of the brain is a prerequisite for proper interpretation of brain imaging since tomographic imaging is the rule in current functional neuroimaging.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait

    Abdelhamid H. Elgazzar

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  1. Abdelhamid H. Elgazzar
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Elgazzar, A.H. (2014). Central Nervous System. In: Synopsis of Pathophysiology in Nuclear Medicine. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-03458-4_12

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-03458-4_12

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-03457-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-03458-4

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