Abstract
Severe damage to houses, roads and buried pipelines caused by liquefaction of the ground was the characteristic feature of destruction at the time of the 2011 Great East Japan in 2011. Widespread areas along the Tokyo Bay and in the downstream reaches of the Tone River suffered the liquefaction-associated damage, despite of the distance as long as 450–500km from the epicenter of the quake. Typical examples of the damage are presented herein with reference to conditions of soil profiles. As a measure to gauge its destructiveness, the ground settlements resulting from liquefaction were calculated based on volume decrease characteristics of sandy soils and their outcome was compared with the settlements actually observed on the ground surface.
There were several accounts by eye-witnesses and video-pictures which are tacitly indicative of advent of surface waves or sloshing-like movements of the ground surface. Although conceptionally, some interpretation is given to these new features of motions which have not been hitherto addressed.
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Acknowledgements
In preparing this paper, the information on the progress of reclamation in Urayasu city and general features of the damage was given by the courtesy of Mr. Ichiro Ishii of the Urayasu city office. The settlement analysis was made by Mr. Keita Okamura of Chemical Grout Co. Ltd. The authors wish to express his deep thanks to the office and persons as mentioned above.
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Ishihara, K., Araki, K., Toshiyuki, K. (2014). Liquefaction in Tokyo Bay and Kanto Regions in the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake. In: Maugeri, M., Soccodato, C. (eds) Earthquake Geotechnical Engineering Design. Geotechnical, Geological and Earthquake Engineering, vol 28. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-03182-8_4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-03182-8_4
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