Abstract
An estimated 20–25 million people in the USA have varicose veins, while up to 20 % of people worldwide have CVI. Diagnosis, treatment, and surveillance may be routine and singularly focused or may be staged and multifactorial. An area that has proven to benefit from the use of protocols and standardized surveys is surveillance. Follow-up care of patients with varying disease severity over time has been successfully performed using the Clinical-Etiology-Anatomy-Pathophysiology (CEAP) classification and the Venous Clinical Severity Score (VCSS), evaluation scales that provide reproducible results. This chapter examines assessment, epidemiology, and symptoms and physical findings in patients with CVD and CVI.
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Vasquez, M.A., Munschauer, C. (2014). Presentation of Chronic Venous Disease. In: Mowatt-Larssen, E., Desai, S., Dua, A., Shortell, C. (eds) Phlebology, Vein Surgery and Ultrasonography. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-01812-6_3
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