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Sustainable Agriculture Reviews pp 109–131Cite as

Allelopathy for Pest Control

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Part of the book series: Sustainable Agriculture Reviews ((SARV,volume 13))

Abstract

Plants are attacked by a plethora of pathogens or pests. Pest attack in turn induces or enhances the synthesis of a many chemical ‘weapons’ produced by plant defenses. These chemicals are classified broadly into nitrogen compounds, terpenoids and phenolics. They have a broad range of antifungal, antimicrobial and pesticidal activities. Thus, these plant chemicals can be extracted and further used as efficient biopesticides or microbicides. They are eco-friendly due to their ephemeral nature. Unlike many synthetic pesticides that often have harmful side effects and long residual time, allelochemicals are biodegradable fast.

Plants produce many types of secondary metabolites – listed in Table 1 – including resins, phenolic acids, amino acids and essential oils, which can be used to manage pests. We review crop allelopathic activity to suppress weeds, microbes and insects. We present benefits of biotechnological methods of extraction and use of allelochemicals. The essential oils of medicinal plants such as thyme, oregano, rosemary, lavender, fennel and laurel have fungitoxic effects against foliar and soil-borne plant pathogenic fungi. Natural miticides are an alternative to synthetic miticides because they have low toxicity in mammals, little environmental effect and wide public acceptance. Therefore essential oils have the potential for use in the control of many pests such as a mite Tetranychus cinnabarinus.

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Abbreviations

Avr:

avirulence genes

HCN:

cyanohydric acid

PCD:

programmed cell death

PPO:

polyphenol oxidase

PR:

pathogenesis-related genes

QTL:

quantitative trait loci

R:

resistance

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  1. Department of Bio-Science and Biotechnology, Banasthali University, Banasthali, Rajasthan, 304022, India

    Kambaska Kumar Behera & Renu Bist

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Behera, K.K., Bist, R. (2014). Allelopathy for Pest Control. In: Lichtfouse, E. (eds) Sustainable Agriculture Reviews. Sustainable Agriculture Reviews, vol 13. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-00915-5_6

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