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Phytoremediation, Transgenic Plants and Microbes

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Book cover Sustainable Agriculture Reviews

Part of the book series: Sustainable Agriculture Reviews ((SARV,volume 13))

Abstract

Phytoremediation is a promising technology using plants and microbes to clean up contaminated air, soil, and water. Pollutants pose a global threat for agricultural production, productivity, wildlife and human health. Environmental pollution increasing in many parts of the world. Many methods of preventing, removing and or correcting the negative effects of pollutants exist but their application has either been poorly implemented or not at all. For phytoremediation selected or engineered plants and microbes are used to treat efficiently low to moderate levels of contamination.

Phytoremediation uses the age-long abilities of selected plants and microbes to remove pollutants from the environment. Phytoremediation will probably become a commercially available technology in many parts of the world including India. Currently $6–8 billion a year is spent on environmental cleanup in the US. In the United Kingdom £4 million are spent on air pollution control and £1.5 million on water-treatment plant, and this cost is expected to increase by 50 % over the next 5 years. The cost of phytoremediation has been estimated as $25–$100 per ton of soil, and $0.60–$6.00 per 1,000 gallons of polluted water, with remediation of organics being cheaper than remediation of metals. Phytoremediation also offers a permanent in situ remediation rather than simply translocating the problem. This review focuses on the major concerns such as phytoremediation technologies, plant and microbes in phytoremediation and, ecological considerations of phytoremediation.

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Abbreviations

AM:

Arbuscular Mycorrhizae

EDTA:

Ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid

PCBs:

Polychlorinated biphenyls

PCE:

Tetrachloroethylene

TCE:

Trichloroethylene

TNT:

2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene

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  1. Department of Bio-Science and Biotechnology, Banasthali University, Banasthali, Rajasthan, 304022, India

    Kambaska Kumar Behera

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Correspondence to Kambaska Kumar Behera .

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    Eric Lichtfouse

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Behera, K.K. (2014). Phytoremediation, Transgenic Plants and Microbes. In: Lichtfouse, E. (eds) Sustainable Agriculture Reviews. Sustainable Agriculture Reviews, vol 13. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-00915-5_4

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