Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Experimental Assessment of Seismic Pile-Soil Interaction

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Seismic Evaluation and Rehabilitation of Structures

Part of the book series: Geotechnical, Geological and Earthquake Engineering ((GGEE,volume 26))

Abstract

Physical modeling has long been established as a powerful tool for studying seismic pile-soil-superstructure interaction. This chapter presents a series of 1-g shaking table tests aiming at clarifying fundamental aspects of kinematic and inertial interaction effects on pile-supported systems. Pile models in layered sand deposits were built in the laboratory and subjected to a wide set of earthquake motions. The piles were densely instrumented with accelerometers and strain gauges; therefore, earthquake response, including bending strains along their length, could be measured directly. Certain broad conclusions on kinematic and inertial SSI effects on this type of systems are drawn.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Bhattacharya S, Madabhushi SPG (2008) A critical review of the methods for pile design in seismically liquefiable soils. Bull Earthq Eng (Springer) 6:407–446

    Google Scholar 

  • Bhattacharya S, Lombardi D, Dihoru L, Dietz M, Crewe AJ, Taylor CA (2011) Container design for soil-structure interaction studies. In: Fardis MN, Rakicevic ZT (eds) Role of seismic testing facilities in performance-based earthquake engineering. Springer, Dordrecht/New York. ISBN 978-94-007-1976-7

    Google Scholar 

  • Cairo R, Dente G (2007) Kinematic interaction analysis of piles in layered soils. In: 14th European conference on soil mechanics and geotechnical engineering, ISSMGE-ERTC 12 Workshop Geotechnical Aspects of EC8, Madrid (Spain), Pàtron Editore, Bologna, cd-rom, paper n. 13

    Google Scholar 

  • Cavallaro A, Maugeri M, Mazzarella R (2001) Static and dynamic properties of Leighton Buzzard sand from laboratory tests. In: 4th international conference on recent advances in geotechnical earthquake engineering and soil dynamics, San Diego, Paper 1.13

    Google Scholar 

  • Chau KT, Shen CY, Guo X (2008) Non-linear seismic soil-pile-structure interaction: shaking table tests and FEM analyses. Soil Dyn Earthq Eng 29(2):300–310

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Crewe AJ, Lings ML, Taylor CA, Yeung AK, Andrighetto R (1995) Development of a large flexible shear stack for testing dry sand and simple direct foundations on a shaking table. In: Elnashai AS (ed) European seismic design practice. Balkema, Rotterdam

    Google Scholar 

  • Di Laora R, Mandolini A, Mylonakis G (2012) Insight on kinematic bending of flexible piles in layered soil. Soil Dyn Earthq Eng 43:309–322

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Di Laora R, Mylonakis G, Mandolini A (2013) Pile-head kinematic bending in layered soil. Earthq Eng Struct Dyn 42:319–337

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dihoru L, Bhattacharya S, Taylor CA, Muir Wood D, Moccia F, Simonelli AL Mylonakis G (2009) Experimental modeling of kinematic bending moments of piles in layered soils. IS-Tokyo

    Google Scholar 

  • Dihoru L, Bhattacharya S, Taylor CA, Muir Wood D. Moccia F, Simonelli AL Mylonakis G (2010a) Physical and numerical modelling of kinematic pile-soil interaction under seismic conditions. In: Physical modelling conference, Zurich

    Google Scholar 

  • Dihoru L, Bhattacharya S, Taylor CA, Muir Wood D, Moccia F, Simonelli AL Mylonakis G (2010b) Stiffness design for granular materials – theoretical and experimental considerations. In: Physical modelling conference, Zurich

    Google Scholar 

  • EAK 2000 (2003) Greek Seismic Code. Earthquake Planning and Protection Organization, Athens

    Google Scholar 

  • Eurocode 8 (2004) Design of structures for earthquake resistance, Part 5: foundations, retaining structures and geotechnical aspects. CEN EC for Standardization, Brussels

    Google Scholar 

  • Gazetas G, Fan K, Tazoh T, Shimizu K, Kavvadas M, Makris N (1992) Seismic pile-group-structure interaction. Piles under dynamic loads, Geotechnical Special Publication No 34, ASCE, pp 56–93

    Google Scholar 

  • Gazetas G, Mylonakis G (1998) Seismic soil-structure interaction: new evidence and emerging issues. In: Dakoulas P, Yegian MK, Holtz RD (eds) Geotechnical earthquake engineering and soil dynamics III, Geo-Institute ASCE conference, Seattle, vol II, pp 1119–1174

    Google Scholar 

  • Kaynia AM, Mahzooni S (1996) Forces in pile foundations under seismic loading. J Eng Mech ASCE 122:46–53

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Krishnan R, Gazetas G, Velez A (1983) Static and dynamic lateral deflection of piles in non-homogeneous soil stratum. Geotechnique 33:307–326

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kuhlemeyer RL (1979) Static and dynamic laterally loaded floating piles. J Geotech Eng ASCE 105:289–304

    Google Scholar 

  • Norme Tecniche per le Costruzioni (2008) Italian Building Code, DM 14 Jan, GU n 29, 4 Feb, n. 30

    Google Scholar 

  • Lings ML, Dietz MS (2004) An improved direct shear apparatus for sand. Geotechnique 54(4):245–256

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Margason E, Halloway DM (1977) Pile bending during earthquakes. In: Proceedings VI world conference on earthquake engineering, Meerut, pp 1690–1696

    Google Scholar 

  • Meymand PJ (1998) Shaking table scale model tests of nonlinear soil-pile-superstructure interaction in soft clay. PhD thesis, University of California, Berkeley

    Google Scholar 

  • Mizuno H (1987) Pile damage during earthquakes in Japan (1923–1983). In: Proceedings of the session on dynamic response of pile damage. Nogami T (ed) Special publication of ASCE, Atlantic City, 27 April, pp 53–77

    Google Scholar 

  • Moccia F (2009) Seismic soil pile interaction: experimental evidence. PhD dissertation, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Napoli

    Google Scholar 

  • Muir Wood D, Crewe A, Taylor CA (2002) Shaking table testing of geotechnical models. UPMG-Int J Phys Model Geotech 2:1–13

    Google Scholar 

  • Mylonakis G (2001) Simplified model for seismic pile bending at soil layer interfaces. Soils Found 41:47–58

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mylonakis G, Nikolaou A, Gazetas G (1997) Soil-pile-bridge seismic interaction: kinematic and inertial effects. Part I: soft soil. Earthq Eng Struct Dyn 26:337–359

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • NEHRP (2003) Recommended provisions for seismic regulations for new buildings and other structures (FEMA 450). Building Seismic Safety Council, Washington, DC

    Google Scholar 

  • Nikolaou S, Mylonakis G, Gazetas G, Tazoh T (2001) Kinematic pile bending during earthquakes: analysis and field measurements. Géotechnique 51(5):425–440

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Novak M (1991) Piles under dynamic loads: State of the art. In: Proceedings of 2nd international conference on recent advances in geotechnical earthquake engineering and soil dynamics, St. Louis, vol 3, pp 2433–2456

    Google Scholar 

  • Padron LA, Aznarez JJ, Maero O (2008) Dynamic analysis of piled foundations in stratified soils by a BEM-FEM model. Soil Dyn Earthq Eng 5:333–346

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pender M (1993) Seismic pile foundation design analysis. Bull New Zeal Natl Soc Earthq Eng 26(1):49–160

    Google Scholar 

  • Saitoh M (2005) Fixed-head pile bending by kinematic interaction and criteria for its minimization at optimal pile radius. J Geotech Geoenviron Eng 131(10):1243–1251

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sica S, Mylonakis G, Simonelli AL (2007) Kinematic bending of piles: analysis vs code provisions. In: Proceedings of the 4th international conference on earthquake geotechnical engineering, Thessaloniki

    Google Scholar 

  • Sica S, Mylonakis G, Simonelli AL (2011) Transient kinematic pile bending in two-layer soil. Soil Dyn Earthq Eng 31(7):891–905. doi:10.1016/j.soildyn.2011.02.001

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stroud MA (1971) The behaviour of sand at low stress levels in the simple shear apparatus. PhD thesis, University of Cambridge, UK

    Google Scholar 

  • Tan FSC (1990) Centrifuge and theoretical modelling of conical footings on sand. PhD Dissertation, University of Cambrige, UK

    Google Scholar 

  • Wu G, Finn W (1997) Dynamic elastic analysis of pile foundations using finite element method in the time domain. Can Geotech J 34:44–52

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhang F, Kimura M, Nakai T, Hoshikawa T (2000) Mechanical behavior of pile foundations subjected to cyclic lateral loading up to the ultimate state. Soils Found 40(5):1–17

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007–2013) for access to the Bristol Laboratory for Advanced Dynamics Engineering (BLADE), University of Bristol, UK under grant agreement n° 227887 [SERIES]. The financial support provided by the project ReLUIS (Task MT2) funded by the Italian Civil Protection is also appreciated. Further, George Anoyatis was partially supported by the University of Patras through a Caratheodory Grant (#C.580).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Engineering, University of Sannio, Piazza Roma 21, 82100, Benevento, Italy

    Armando L. Simonelli, Luigi Di Sarno, Maria Giovanna Durante & Stefania Sica

  2. Department of Civil Engineering, University of Bristol, Queen’s Building, University Walk, Bristol, BS8 1TR, UK

    Subhamoy Bhattacharya, Matt S. Dietz, Luiza Dihoru, Colin A. Taylor & George Mylonakis

  3. Department of Civil Engineering, University of Calabria, Ponte Pietro Bucci cubo 44b, 87036, Rende, CS, Italy

    Roberto Cairo, Andrea Chidichimo & Giovanni Dente

  4. Ecole Centrale Paris, Laboratoire MSS-Mat CNRS UMR 8579, 92290, Chatenay-Malabry, France

    Arezou Modaressi & Luìs A. Todo Bom

  5. Computational Geomechanics Section, Norwegian Geotechnical Institute (NGI), Sognsveien 72, N-0855, Oslo, Norway

    Amir M. Kaynia

  6. Department of Civil Engineering, Geotechnical Engineering Laboratory, University of Patras, 26504, Patras, Greece

    George Anoyatis & George Mylonakis

Authors
  1. Armando L. Simonelli
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Luigi Di Sarno
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Maria Giovanna Durante
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Stefania Sica
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Subhamoy Bhattacharya
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Matt S. Dietz
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Luiza Dihoru
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. Colin A. Taylor
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  9. Roberto Cairo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  10. Andrea Chidichimo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  11. Giovanni Dente
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  12. Arezou Modaressi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  13. Luìs A. Todo Bom
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  14. Amir M. Kaynia
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  15. George Anoyatis
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  16. George Mylonakis
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Armando L. Simonelli .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Civil Engineering Faculty, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey

    Alper Ilki

  2. Department of Civil Engineering, University of Patras, Patras, Greece

    Michael N. Fardis

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2014 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Simonelli, A.L. et al. (2014). Experimental Assessment of Seismic Pile-Soil Interaction. In: Ilki, A., Fardis, M. (eds) Seismic Evaluation and Rehabilitation of Structures. Geotechnical, Geological and Earthquake Engineering, vol 26. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-00458-7_26

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation