Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a crippling autoimmune disease whose primary symptom is chronic inflammation of the joints. Although considered to be a systemic disorder, the most commonly affected sites are the wrist, knees and metacarpophalangeal joints. The debilitating effects of the disease occur progressively over time. The synovium, normally a thin layer of tissue that lines the internal surfaces of the joint capsule, becomes dramatically thickened and hypercellular from infiltrating leukocytes and proliferating synovial cells. The cells within the synovium become activated, giving the hypertrophied tissue an aggressive phenotype. This activated tissue, called pannus, invades and erodes the articular cartilage and subchondral bone. The cumulative degradation of the joint structures often results in severe disfigurement and loss of function. Currently, there is no available treatment that can effectively halt the progression of RA.
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Ghivizzani, S.C. et al. (2000). Animal models of arthritis generated by gene transfer. In: Evans, C.H., Robbins, P.D. (eds) Gene Therapy in Inflammatory Diseases. Progress in Inflammation Research. Birkhäuser, Basel. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-8478-5_13
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-8478-5_13
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