Abstract
We construct a class of matrix-valued Schrödinger operators with prescribed finite-band spectra of maximum spectral multiplicity. The corresponding matrix potentials are shown to be stationary solutions of the KdV hierarchy. The methods employed in this paper rely on matrix-valued Her-glotz functions, Weyl— Titchmarsh theory, pencils of matrices, and basic inverse spectral theory for matrix-valued Schrödinger operators.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Z.S. Agranovich and V.A. Marchenko, The Inverse Problem of Scattering Theory, Gordon and Breach, New York, 1963.
D. Alpay and I. Gohberg, Inverse spectral problem for differential operators with rational scattering matrix functions, J. Diff. Eq. 118 1–19 (1995).
D. Alpay and I. Gohberg, Inverse problem for Sturm-Liouville operators with rational reflection coefficient, Integral Equations Operator Theory 30, 317–325 (1998).
D.Z. Arov and H. Dym, J-inner matrix functions, interpolation and inverse problems for canonical systems, I: foundations, Integral Equations Operator Theory 29, 373–454 (1997).
D.Z. Arov and H. Dym, J-inner matrix functions, interpolation and inverse problems for canonical systems, II: the inverse monodromy problem, Integral Equations Operator Theory 36, 11–70 (2000).
D.Z. Arov and H. Dym, J-inner matrix functions, interpolation and inverse problems for canonical systems, III: more on the inverse monodromy problem, Integral Equations Operator Theory 36, 127–181 (2000).
N. Asano and Y. Kato, Algebraic and Spectral Methods for Nonlinear Wave Equations, Longman, New York, 1990.
I. Avramidi and R. Schimming, A new explicit expression for the Korteweg-de Vries hierarchy, Math. Nachr. 219, 45–64 (2000).
E.D. Belokolos, F. Gesztesy, K.A. Makarov, and L.A. Sakhnovich, Matrix-valued generalizations of the theorems of Borg and Hochstadt, to appear in Recent Advances in Evolution Equations, G. Ruiz Goldstein, R. Nagel, and S. Romanelli (eds.), Lecture Notes in Pure and Applied Mathematics, Marcel Dekker, New York.
R. Benguria and M. Loss, A simple proof of a theorem of Laptev and Weidl, Math. Res. Lett. 7, 195–203 (2000).
F. Calogero and A. Degasperis, Nonlinear evolution equations solvable by the inverse spectral transfor. II, Nuovo Cim. 39B, 1–54 (1977).
R. Carlson, Large eigenvalues and trace formulas for matrix Sturm-Liouville problems, SIAM J. Math. Anal. 30, 949–962 (1999).
R. Carlson, Compactness of Floquet isospectral sets for the matrix Hill’s equation, Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 128, 2933–2941 (2000).
R. Carlson, Eigenvalue estimates and trace formulas for the matrix Hill’s equation, J. Diff. Eq. 167, 211–244 (2000).
R. Carlson, An inverse problem for the matrix Schrödinger equation, preprint, 2001.
R. Carmona and J. Lacroix, Spectral Theory of Random Schrödinger operators, Birkhäuser, Boston, MA, 1990.
H.-H. Chern, On the construction of isospectral vectorial Sturm-Liouville differential equations, preprint, 1998.
H.-H. Chern and C-L. Shen, On the n-dimensional Ambarzumyan’s theorem, Inverse Problems 13, 15–18 (1997).
S.L. Clark, Asymptotic behavior of the Titchmarsh-Weyl coefficient for a coupled second order system, in “Ordinary and Delay Differential Equations”, J. Wiener and J.K. Hale (eds.), Longman, New York, 1992, 24–28.
S. Clark and F. Gesztesy, Weyl-Titchmarsh M-function asymptotics for matrix-valued Schrödinger operators, Proc. London Math. Soc. 82, 701–724 (2001).
S. Clark and F. Gesztesy, On Povzner-Wienholtz-type Self-Adjointness Results for Matrix-Valued Sturm-Liouville Operators, Proc. Roy. Soc. Edinburgh A (to appear).
S. Clark, F. Gesztesy, H. Holden, and B.M. Levitan, Borg-type theorems for matrix-valued Schrödinger and Dirac operators, J. Diff. Eqs. 167, 181–210 (2000).
S. Clark and D. Hinton, A Liapunov inequality for linear Hamiltonian systems, Math. Inequ. Appl. 1, 201–209 (1998).
V.I. Derguzov, The spectrum of Hamilton’s operator with periodic coefficients Vestnik Leningrad Univ. Math. 12, 280–285 (1980).
B. Després, The Borg theorem for the vectorial Hill’s equation, Inverse Probl. 11, 97–121 (1995).
L.A. Dickey, Soliton Equations and Hamiltonian Systems, World Scientific, Singapore, 1991.
B.A. Dubrovin, Periodic problems for the Korteweg-de Vries equation in the class of finite-gap potentials, Funct. Anal. Appl. 9, 215–223 (1975).
B.A. Dubrovin, Completely integrable Hamiltonian Systems associated with Matrix operators and Abelian varieties, Funct. Anal. Appl. 11, 265–277 (1977).
B.A. Dubrovin, Matrix finite-zone operators, Revs. Sci. Tech. 23, 20–50 (1983).
B.A. Dubrovin, V.B. Matveev, and S.P. Novikov, Non-linear equations of Kortewegde Vries type, finite-zone linear operators and Abelian varieties, Russian Math. Surv. 31 : 1, 59–146 (1976).
I.M. Gel’fand and L.A. Dikii, The resolvent and Hamiltonian systems, Funct. Anal. Appl. 11, 93–105 (1977).
I.M. Gelfand and B.M. Levitan, On the determination of a differential equation from its spectral function, Izv. Akad. Nauk SSR. Ser. Mat. 15, 309–360 (1951) (Russian); English transl. in Amer. Math. Soc. Transl. Ser. 2 1, 253–304 (1955)
I.M. Gelfand and V.B. Lidskij, On the structure of the regions of stability of linear canonical systems of differential equations with periodic coefficients, in “Izrail M. Gelfand, Collected Papers”, Vol. I, S.G. Gindikin, V.W. Guillemin, A.A. Kirillov, B. Kostant, S. Sternberg (eds.), Springer, Berlin, 1987, 466–504. (Amer. Math. Soc. Transl. (2) 8 143–181 (1958).)
F. Gesztesy and H. Holden, On trace formulas for Schrödinger-type operators, in Multiparticle Quantum Scattering with Applications to Nuclear, Atomic and Molecular Physics, D.G. Truhlar and B. Simon (eds.), Springer, New York, 1997, 121–145.
F. Gesztesy, H. Holden, B. Simon, and Z. Zhao, Higher order trace relations for Schrödinger operators, Revs. Math. Phys. 7, 893–922 (1995).
F. Gesztesy, A. Kiselev, and K.A. Makarov, Uniqueness Results for Matrix-Valued Schrödinger, Jacobi, and Dirac-Type Operators, Math. Nachr. 239 - 240, 103–145 (2002).
F. Gesztesy, R. Ratnaseelan, and G. Teschl, The KdV hierarchy and associated trace formulas in proceedings of the International Conference on Applications of Operator Theory, I. Gohberg, P. Lancaster, P.N. Shivakumar (eds.), Operator Theory: Advances and Applications, Vol. 87, Birkhäuser, 1996, 125–163.
F. Gesztesy and B. Simon, On local Borg-Marchenko uniqueness results, Commun. Math. Phys. 211, 273–287 (2000).
F. Gesztesy and E. Tsekanovskii, On matrix-valued Herglotz functions, Math. Nachr. 218, 61–138 (2000).
I.M. Glazman, Direct Methods of Qualitative Spectral Analysis of Singular Differential Operators, Israel Program for Scientific Translations, Jerusalem, 1965.
J.K. Hale, Ordinary Differential Equations, 2nd ed., Krieger, Malabar, Fl, 1980.
E. Hille, Lectures on Ordinary Differential Equations, Addison-Wesley, Reading, 1969.
E. Hille, Ordinary Differential Equations in the Complex Domain, Dover, New York, 1997.
D.B. Hinton and J.K. Shaw, On Titchmarsh-Weyl MN-functions for linear Hamiltonian systems, J. Diff. Eqs. 40, 316–342 (1981).
D.B. Hinton and J.K. Shaw, On the spectrum of a singular Hamiltonian system, Quaest. Math. 5, 29–81 (1982).
D.B. Hinton and J.K. Shaw, Hamiltonian systems of limit point or limit circle type with both endpoints singular, J. Diff. Eqs. 50, 444–464 (1983).
D.B. Hinton and J.K. Shaw, On boundary value problems for Hamiltonian systems with two singular points, SIAM J. Math. Anal. 15, 272–286 (1984).
D.B. Hinton and J.K. Shaw, On the spectrum of a singular Hamiltonian system, II Quaest. Math. 10, 1–48 (1986).
A.R. Its and V.B. Matveev, Schrödinger operators with finite-gap spectrum and N-soliton solutions of the Korteweg-de Vries equation, Theoret. Math. Phys. 23, 343–355 (1975).
M. Jodeit and B.M. Levitan, Isospectral vector-valued Sturm-Liouville problems, Lett. Math. Phys. 43, 117–122 (1998).
M. Jodeit and B.M. Levitan, The isospectrality problem for some vector-valued Sturm-Liouville boundary problems, Russ. J. Math. Phys 6, 375–393 (1999).
R.A. Johnson, m-Functions and Floquet exponents for linear differential systems, Ann. Mat. Pura Appl., Ser. 4 ,147, 211–248 (1987).
R. Johnson, S. Novo, and R. Obaya, Ergodic properties and Weyl M-functions for random linear Hamiltonian systems, Proc. Roy. Soc. Edinburgh 130A, 1045–1079 (2000).
V.I. Kogan and F.S. Rofe-Beketov, On square-integrable solutions of symmetric systems of differential equations of arbitrary order, Proc. Roy. Soc. Edinburgh 74A, 1–40 (1974).
S. Kotani and B. Simon, Stochastic Schrödinger operators and Jacobi matrices on the strip, Commun. Math. Phys. 119, 403–429 (1988).
A.M. Krall, M(À) theory for singular Hamiltonian systems with one singular point, SIAM J. Math. Anal. 20, 664–700 (1989).
A.M. Krall, M(À) theory for singular Hamiltonian systems with two singular points, SIAM J. Math. Anal. 20, 701–715 (1989).
M.G. Krein, Foundations of the theory of λ-zones of stability of a canonical system of linear differential equations with periodic coefficients, Amer. Math. Soc. Transi. (2) 120, 1–70 (1983).
M.G. Krein, On tests for stable boundedness of solutions of periodic canonical systems, Amer. Math. Soc. Transi (2) 120, 71–110 (1983).
M.G. Krein and A.A. Nudelman, The Markov Moment Problem and Extremal Problems, Amer. Math. Soc., Providence, 1977.
B.M. Levitan, On the solvability of the inverse Sturm-Liouville problem on the entire line, Sov. Math. Dokl. 18, 597–600 (1977).
B.M. Levitan ,On the solvability of the inverse Sturm-Liouville problem on the whole axis in the case of an infinite number of lacunas in the spectrum, Sov. Math. Dokl. 18. 964–967 (1977).
B.M. Levitan, An inverse problem for the Sturm-Liouville operator in the case of finitezone and infinite-zone potentials, Trans. Moscow Math. Soc. 1984, No. 1, 1–34.
B.M. Levitan, Inverse Sturm-Liouville Problems VNU Science Press, Utrecht, 1987.
B.M. Levitan and M.G. Gasymov, Determination of a differential equation by two of its spectra, Russ. Math. Surv. 19:2, 1–63 (1964).
B.M. Levitan and A.V. Savin, The inverse problem on the half-line for finite zone potentials, Moscow Univ. Math. Bull. 43, No. 1, 27–34 (1988).
M.M. Malamud, Similarity of Volterra operators and related questions of the theory of differential equations of fractional order, Trans. Moscow Math. Soc. 55, 57–122 (1994).
M.M. Malamud, Uniqueness questions in inverse problems for systems of ordinary differential equations on a finite interval, Trans. Moscow Math. Soc. 60, 173–224 (1999).
Yu.I. Manin, Matrix solitons and bundles over curves with singularities, Funct. Anal. Appl. 12, 286–295 (1978).
V.A. Marchenko, Nonlinear Equations and Operator Algebras, Reidel, Dordrecht, 1988.
A.S. Markus, Introduction to the Spectral Theory of Polynomial Operator Pencils, Translations of Mathematical Monographs, Vol. 71, Amer. Math. Soc., Providence, RI, 1988.
A.S. Markus and V.I. Matsaev, Factorization of a weakly hyperbolic bundle, Funct. Anal. Appl. 10, 69–71 (1976).
A.S. Markus and V.I. Matsaev, On the spectral factorization of holomorphic operator-functions, Sel. Math. Sov. 4, 325–354 (1985).
L. Martínez Alonso and E. Olmedilla, Trace identities in the inverse scattering transform method associated with matrix Schrödinger operators, J. Math. Phys. 23, 2116–2121 (1982).
M.A. Naimark, Linear Differential Operators, Part II F. Ungar, New York, 1968.
R.G. Newton and R. Jost, The construction of potentials from the S-matrix for systems of differential equations, Nuovo Cim. 1, 590–622 (1955).
E. Olmedilla, Inverse scattering transform for general matrix Schrödinger operators and the related symplectic structure, Inverse Problems 1, 219–236 (1985).
E. Olmedilla, L. Martínez Alonso, and F. Guil, Infinite-dimensional Hamiltonian systems associated with matrix Schrödinger operators, Nuovo Cim. 61 B, 49–61 (1981).
P.J. Olver and V.V. Sokolov ,Integrable evolution equations on assciative algebras, Commun. Math. Phys. 193, 245–268 (1998).
S.A. Orlov, Nested matrix disks analytically depending on a parameter and theorems on the invariance of ranks of radii of limiting disks, Math. USSR Izv. 10, 565–613 (1976).
V.G. Papanicolaou, Trace formulas and the behavior of large eigenvalues, SIAM J. Math. Anal. 26, 218–237 (1995).
I. Polterovich, Heat kernel asymptotics for Laplace type operators and matrix KdV hierarchy, preprint, 2000.
A.Ya. Povzner, The expansion of arbitrary functions in eigenfunctions of the operator -△u+cu,Mat. Sbornik 32, 109–156 (1953) (Russian.) English translation in Amer. Math. Soc. Transi. (2) 60, 1–49 (1967).
F.S. Rofe-Beketov, Expansions in eigenfunctions of infinite systems of differential equations in the non-self-adjoint and self-adjoint cases, Mat. Sb. 51, 293–342 (1960). (Russian.)
F.S. Rofe-Beketov, The spectrum of non-selfadjoint differential operators with periodic coefficients, Sov. Math. Dokl. 4, 1563–1566 (1963).
F.S. Rofe-Beketov, The spectral matrix and the inverse Sturm-Liouville problem on the axis (∞, ∞), Teor. Funktsii Funkts. Analiz Prilozh. 4, 189–197 (1967). (Russian.)
F.S. Rofe-Beketov, The inverse Sturm-Liouville problem for the spectral matrix on the whole axis and associated problems, in Integral Equations and Inverse Problems, V. Petkov and R. Lazarov Eds.), Longman, New York, 1991, p. 234–238.
F.S. Rofe-Beketov and A.M. Hol’kin, On the connection between spectral and oscillation properties of the Sturm-Liouville matrix problem, Math. USSR Sbornik 31, 365–378 (1977).
F.S. Rofe-Beketov and A.M. Kholkin, Spectral Analysis of Differential Operators. Connection between Spectral and Oscillatory Properties, Mariupol, 2001.
A.L. Sakhnovich, Asymptotic behavior of spectral functions of an S-node, Sov. Math. (Iz. VUZ) 32:9, 92–105 (1988).
A.L. Sakhnovich, Spectral functions of a canonical system of order 2n, Math. USSR Sbornik 71, 355–369 (1992).
A. Sakhnovich, Iterated Backland-Darboux transform for canonical systems, J. Funct. Anal. 144, 359–370 (1997).
A. Sakhnovich, Canonical systems and transfer matrix-functions, Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 125, 1451–1455 (1997).
L.A. Sakhnovich, Evolution of spectral data and nonlinear equations, Ukrain. Math. J. 40, 459–461 (1988).
L.A. Sakhnovich, Inverse problems for equations systems, in Matrix and Operator Valued Functions: The Vladimir Petrovich Potapov Memorial Volume, I. Gohberg and L.A. Sakhnovich (eds.), Operator Theory: Advances and Applications, Vol. 72, Birkhäuser, Basel, 1994, 202–211.
L.A. Sakhnovich, Method of operator identities and problems of analysis, St. Petersburg Math. J. 5, 1–69 (1994).
L.A. Sakhnovich, Spectral problem on half-axis, Methods Funct. Anal. Topology 2, 128–140 (1996).
L.A. Sakhnovich, Interpolation Theory and its Applications, Kluwer, Dordrecht, 1997.
L.A. Sakhnovich, Spectral analysis of a class of canonical differential systems, St. Petersburg Math. J. 10, 147–158 (1999).
L.A. Sakhnovich, Spectral Theory of Canonical Differential Systems. Method of Operator Identities, Operator Theory: Advances and Applications, Vol. 107, Birkhäuser, Basel, 1999.
C.-L. Shen, Some eigenvalue problems for the vectorial Hill’s equation, Inverse Probl. 16, 749–783 (2000).
C.-L. Shen ,Some inverse spectral problems for vectorial Sturm-Liouville equations, Inverse Probl. 17, 1253–1294 (2001).
C.-L. Shen and C.-T. Shieh, Two inverse eigenvalue problems for vectorial Sturm-Liouville equations, Inverse Probl. 14, 1331–1343 (1998).
M. Sodin and P. Yuditskii, Almost periodic Sturm-Liouville operators with Cantor homogeneous spectrum, Comment. Math. Helvetici 70, 639–658 (1995).
C. Thurlow, A generalisation of the inverse spectral theorem of Levitan and Gasymov, Proc. Roy. Soc Edinburgh 84A, 185–196 (1979).
I. Trooshin, Asymptotics for the spectral and Weyl functions of the operator-valued Sturm-Liouville problem, in “Inverse Problems and Related Topics”, G. Nakamura, S. Saitoh, J.K. Seo, and M. Yamamoto (eds.), Chapman & Hall/CRC, Res. Notes Math. 419, Boca Raton, FL, 2000, 189–208.
M. Wadati and T. Kamijo, On the extension of inverse scattering method, Progr. Theoret. Phys. 52, 397–414 (1974).
E. Wienholtz, Halbbeschränkte partielle Differentialoperatoren zweiter Ordnung vom elliptischen Typus, Math. Ann. 135, 50–80 (1958).
V.A. Yakubovich, Nonoscillation of linear periodic Hamiltonian equations, and related topics, St. Petersburg Math. J. 3, 1165–1188 (1992).
V.A. Yakubovich and V.M. Starzhinskii, Linear Differential Equations with Periodic Coefficients 1, Wiley, New York, 1975.
V.A. Yakubovich and V.M. Starzhinskii, Linear Differential Equations with Periodic Coefficients 2, Wiley, New York, 1975.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2003 Springer Basel AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Gesztesy, F., Sakhnovich, L.A. (2003). A Class of Matrix-valued Schrödinger Operators with Prescribed Finite-band Spectra. In: Alpay, D. (eds) Reproducing Kernel Spaces and Applications. Operator Theory: Advances and Applications, vol 143. Birkhäuser, Basel. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-8077-0_7
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-8077-0_7
Publisher Name: Birkhäuser, Basel
Print ISBN: 978-3-0348-9430-2
Online ISBN: 978-3-0348-8077-0
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive