Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

Progress in Drug Research / Fortschritte der Arzneimittelforschung / Progrès des recherches pharmaceutiques pp 167–308Cite as

Serenics

  • Chapter

Abstract

The development of drugs, specifically aimed at reduction of pathological destructive behaviour in psychiatric patients, was started by our company halfway through the seventies. It was conceived, and this idea has been reinforced over the years, that pathologically destructive behaviour, sometimes called “aggressive”, “violent”, “agitated” or “dysfunctional”, presents a delicate problem in psychiatry. Such behaviour, which is often a secondary complication of an underlying organic disorder such as dementia, traumatic brain injury, or profound mental retardation, is very often severely troublesome to family care-givers and leads to their unwilling commitment of their loved ones to institutional care. After these patients are institutionalized, their behaviour often continues to pose serious management problems. In some cases various behavioural modification techniques may facilitate functional integration within the institutional community. However, these techniques are labour intensive and not invariably successful. In most institutions, a residue of patients exhibiting significant destructive behaviour remains. These individuals demand a disproportionate measure of staff time, may require isolation and even physical or chemical restraint to protect other patients, the staff or themselves from undue risk of injury.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Adamec, R.E. and Himes, M. The interaction of hunger, feeding, and experience in alteration of topography of the rat’s predatory response to mice. Behav. Biol. 1978; 22: 230–243.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Adams, D.B. The relation of scent-marking, olfactory investigation, and specific postures in the isolation-induced fighting of rats. Behaviour 1976; 56: 286–297.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Adams, D.B. Brain mechanisms for offense, defense and submission. Behav. Brain Sci. 1979; 2: 201–241.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Archer, J. The behavioural biology of aggression. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988.

    Google Scholar 

  • Asarch, K.B., Ransom, R.W. and Shih, J.C. 5-HTIA and 5-HTIB selectivity of two phenylpiperazine derivatives: evidence for 5-HTIB heterogeneity. Life Sci. 1985; 36: 1265–1275.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Åsberg, M., Trâskman, L. and Thoren, P. 5-HT in the cerebrospinal fluid: a biochemical suicide predictor? Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 1976; 33: 1193–1197.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Azcarate, C.L. Minor tranquillizers in the treatment of aggression. J. Nerv. Ment. Disease, 1975; 160: 100–107.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Baenninger, R. Some aspects of predatory behavior. Aggr. Behav. 1978; 4: 287–311.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Baerends, G.P. The ethological approach to human behaviour. In: Baerends, G.P., ed., Ethology, the biology of behaviour. Wageningen: PU-DOC, 1973; 288–324.

    Google Scholar 

  • Barfleld, R.J., Busch, D.E. and Wallen, K. Gonadal influence on agonistic behavior in the male domestic rat. Horm. Behav. 1972; 3: 247–259.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Barnett, S.A. The rat. A study in behavior. Chicago and London: The University of Chicago Press, 1975.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bech, P., Kastrup, M., and Rafaelson, O.J. Mini compendium of Rating Scales. Acta Psychiatr. Scand. 1986; 73 (suppl. 326): 7–37.

    Google Scholar 

  • Behar, D. and Rapoport, J.L. Hyperactivity and other childhood disorders. In: Hippius, H. and Winokur, G., eds., Psychopharmacology 1, Part 2: Clinical psychopharmacology. Amsterdam, Oxford, Princeton: Excerpta Medica, 1983; 321–344.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bell, R. and Brown, K. The effects of two “anti-aggressive” compounds, an indenopyridine and a benzothiazepin, on shock-induced defensive fighting in rats. Progr. Neuro-Psychopharmacol. 1979; 3: 399–402.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Benton, D. The extrapolation from animals to man: the example of testosterone and aggression. In: Brain, P.F. and Benton, D., eds., Multi-disciplinary approaches to aggression research. Amsterdam: Elsevier/North-Holland Biomedical Press, 1981; 401–418.

    Google Scholar 

  • Benton, D., Brain, P.F., Jones, S., Colebrook, E. and Grimm, V. Behavioural examinations of the anti-aggressive drug fluprazine. Behav. Brain Res. 1984; 10: 325–338.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bermond, B., Mos, J., Meelis, W., Poel, v.d. A.M. and Kruk, M.R. Aggression induced by stimulation of the hypothalamus: effects of androgens. Pharmacol Biochem. Behav. 1982; 16: 41–45.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Binder, R.L. and McNiel, D.E. Victims and families of violent psychiatric patients. Bull. Am. Acad. Psychiatry Law 1986; 14: 131–139.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bioulac, B., Benezech, M., Renaud, B., Noel, B. and Roch, D. Biogenic amines in the 47 XYY syndrome. Neuropsychobiol. 1978; 4: 366–370.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bioulac, B., Benezech, M., Renaud, B., Noel, B. and Roch, D. Serotoninergic dysfunction in the 47 XYY syndrome. Biol. Psychiatry 1980; 15: 917–923.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Blanchard, R.J., O’Donnell, V. and Blanchard, D.C. Attack and defensive behaviors in the albino mouse. Aggr. Behav. 1979; 5: 341–352.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Blanchard, R.J. and Blanchard, D.C. Aggressive behavior in the rat. Behav. Biol. 1977; 21: 197–224.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Blanchard, R.J. and Blanchard, D.C. The organisation and modelling of animal aggression. In: Brain, P.F. and Benton, D., eds., The biology of aggression. Alphen a.d. Rijn: Sijthoff and Noordhoff, 1981; 529–561.

    Google Scholar 

  • Blanchard, R.J. and Blanchard, D.C. Affect and aggression: an animal model applied to human behaviour. In: Blanchard, R.J. and Blanchard, D.C., eds., Advances in the study of aggression, Vol. 1: Orlando, Florida: Academic Press, 1984; 1–62.

    Google Scholar 

  • Blanchard, R.J., Blanchard, D.C., Takahashi, T. and Kelley, M.J. Attack and defensive behaviour in the albino rat. Anim. Behav. 1977; 25: 622–634.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Blanchard, R.J. and Blanchard, D.C. Alcohol and aggression in animal models. In: Olivier, B., Mos, J. and Brain, P.F., eds., Ethopharmacology of agonistic behaviour in animals and man. Dordrecht: Martinus Nijhoff, 1987; 145–161.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Blanchard, R.J., Blanchard, D.C. and Takahashi, L.K. Reflexive fighting in the albino rat: aggressive or defensive behavior? Aggr. Behav. 1977; 3: 145–155.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Blanchard, D.C. and Blanchard, R.J. Ethoexperimental approaches to the biology of emotion. Ann. Rev. Psychol. 1988; 39: 43–68.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Blanchard, D.C, Takahashi, R., Blanchard, R.J., Flanelly, K.J. and Kemble, E.D. Fluprazine hydrochloride does not decrease defensive behaviours of wild and septal syndrome rats. Physiol. Behav. 1985; 35: 349–353.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Blanchard, R.J., Blanchard, D.C. and Takahashi, L.K. Reflexive fighting in the albino rat: aggressive or defensive behavior? Aggr. Behav. 1977a; 3: 145–155.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Blanchard, R.J., Takahashi, L.K., and Blanchard, D.C. The development of intruder attack in colonies of laboratory rats. Anim. Learn. Behav. 1977b; 5, 365–369.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bond, A.J. Pharmacologic manipulation of aggressiveness and impulsiveness in healthy volunteers, Prog. Neuro-Psychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiat. 1992; 16, 1–7.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bond, A. and Lader, M. Benzodiazepines and aggression. In: Sandler, M., ed., Psychopharmacology of aggression. New York: Raven Press, 1979; 173–182.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bradford, LD., Olivier, B., van Dalen, D. and Schipper, J. Serenics: the pharmacology of fluprazine and DU 28412. In Miczek, KA., Kruk, M.R. and Olivier, B., eds., Ethopharmacological aggression research. New York: Alan R. Liss, 1984; 191–207.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brain, P.F. Hormones and aggression in infra-human vertebrates. In: Brain, P.F. and Benton, D., eds., The biology of aggression. Arphen a/d Rijn: Sijthoff and Noordhoff, 1981; 181–213.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brain, P.F. Biological explanations of human aggression and the resulting therapies offered by such approaches: a critical evaluation. In: Blanchard, R.J. and Blanchard, D.C, eds., Advances in the study of aggression, Vol. 1. Orlando, Florida: Academic Press, 1984; 63–102.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brain, P.F. Alcohol and aggression. London: Croom Helm, 1986.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brain, P.F., Jones, S.E. and Kamis, A. A preliminary ethological analysis of the effects of DU 27716 on intermale aggression in Swiss-Webster mice. Aggr. Behav. 1983; 9: 117.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Breyer, U. Accumulation and elimination of a novel metabolite during chronic administration of the phenothiazine drug perazine to rats. Biochem. Pharm. 1972; 21: 1419.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Breyer, U., Gaertner, H.J. and Prox, A. Formation of identical metabolites from piperazine and dimethylamino substituted phenothiazine drugs in man, rat and dog. Biochem. Pharm. 1974; 23: 313.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brown, G.L., Goodwin, F.K., Ballenger, J.C, Goyer, P. and Major, L. Aggression in humans correlates with cerebrospinal fluid metabolites. Psychiatry Res. 1979; 1: 131.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brown, G.L., Ebert, M.H., Goyer, P.F., Jimerson, D.C, Klein, W.J., Bunney, W.E. and Goodwin, F.K. Aggression, suicide, and serotonin; relationships to CSF amine metabolites. Am. J. Psychiatry 1982; 139: 741–746.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Caccia, S., Notarnicola, C., Fong, M.H. and Benfenati, E. Identification and quantitation of 1-arylpiperazines, metabolites resulting from side-chain cleavance of (4-substituted aryl-1-piperazine) alkyl heterocyclic derivatives in rat plasma and brain. J Chromatogr. 1984; 283: 211–221.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Caccia, S., Conti, I. and Notarnicola, A. In vivo metabolism in the rat and mouse of antrafenine to 1-m-trifluormethylphenylpiperazine. J Pharm. Pharmacol. 1985; 37: 75–77.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Caccia, S., Conti, I., Notarnicola, A. and Urso, R. Lipophilicity and disposition of 1-aryl-piperazines in the rat. Xenobiotica 1987; 17: 605–616.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Caccia, S. In vivo metabolism of 4-substituted arylpiperazines to pharmacologically active 1-arylpiperazines. Boll. Chim. Farmaceutico 1990; 129: 183–189.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Caccia, S., Ballabio, M., Smanin, R., Zanini, M.G. and Garattini, S. (-)-m-Chlorophenyl-piperazine, a central 5-hydroxytryptamine agonist, is a metabolite of trazodone. J Pharm. Pharmacol. 1981; 33: 477–478.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Campbell, M., Cohen, I.L. and Small, A.M. Drugs in aggressive behavior. J. Am. Acad. Child. Psych. 1982; 21: 107–117.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Carlsson, A., Bédard, P., Lindqvist, M. and Magnusson, T. The influence of nerve-impulse flow on the synthesis and metabolism of 5-hydroxytryptamine in the central nervous system. Biochem. Soc. Symp. 1972; 36: 17–32.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chandler, J.D. and Chandler, J.E. The prevalence of neuropsychiatric disorders in a nursing home population. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry Neurol 1988; 1: 71–76.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cherek, D.R. Effects of smoking different doses of nicotine on human aggressive behaviour, Psychopharmacol. 1981; 75: 339–345.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Claassen, V., Davies, J.E., Hertting, G. and Placheta, P. Fluvoxamine, a specific 5-hydroxytryptamine uptake inhibitor. Br.J. Pharmacol. 1979; 60: 505–516.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cloninger, C.R. Antisocial behaviour. Psychopharmacoloy 1983; 2: 353–370.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cohen-Mansfield, J. Agitated behaviors in the elderly: II. Preliminary results in the cognitively deteriorated. J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. 1986; 34: 722–727.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Conn, J.P., Sanders-Bush, F., Hoffman, BJ. and Hartig, P.R. A unique receptor in choroid plexus is linked to phosphatidylinositol turnover. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 1986; 83: 4086–4088.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Conners, C. K. A teacher rating scale for use in drug studies with children, Am. J. Psychiat. 1969; 126: 152–156.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cools, A. Psychopharmacology and aggression: an appraisal of the current situation. In: Brain, P.F. and Benton, D., eds., The biology of aggression. Alphen a/d Rijn: Sijthoff and Noordhoff, 1981; 131–145.

    Google Scholar 

  • Da Vanzo, J.P., McConnaughy, M.M., Brooks, R., Cooke, L. Evidence that reversal of mouse aggression is not related to beta blockade. Drug Devl. Res. 1988; 13:259–267.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dantzer, R. and Mormède, P. Effects of lithium on aggressive behaviour in domestic pigs. J. Vet. Pharmacol. Therap. 1979; 2: 299–303.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Daruna, J.H. Patterns of brain monoamine activity and aggressive behavior. Neurosci. Biobehav. Res. 1978; 2: 101–113.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Day, K. Psychiatric disorder in the middle-aged and elderly mentally handicapped. Br. J. Psychiatry 1985; 147: 660–667.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • De Vries, M.H., De Koning, P., Floot, H.L., Grahnén, A., Eckernäs, S.A., Raghoebar, M., Dahlström, B. and Ekman, L. Dose-proportionality of eltoprazine. Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 1991; 41: 485–488.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • De Lange, N. and Raghoebar, M. Distribution of radioactively labelled eltoprazine in rat and dog. Drug Metabol. Drug Interact. 1990; 8: 115–127.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • DeBold, J.F. and Miczek, K.A. Aggression persists after ovariectomy in female rats. Horm. Behav. 1984; 18: 177–190.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Delina-Stula, A. and Vassout, A. Differential effects of psychoactive drugs on aggressive responses in mice and rats. In: Sandler, M., ed., Psychopharmacology of aggression. New York: Raven Press, 1979; 41–60.

    Google Scholar 

  • Delina-Stula, A. and Vassout, A. The effects of antidepressants on aggressiveness induced by social deprivation in mice. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 1981; 14 (suppl. 1): 33–41.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dietrich, B., Herrmann, W.M. and Mak, M. International Congress of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology (ECNP), Gothenburg, Sweden, 1989; May 23–26.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dijkstra, H., Olivier, B. and Mos, J. Dominance maintenance and intruder attack in laboratory colonies of rats: different models for the psychophar-macological control of aggression. Aggr. Behav. 1984; 10: 149.

    Google Scholar 

  • DiMascio, A. The effects of benzodiazepines on aggression: reduced or increased? Psychopharmacologia, 1973; 30: 95–102.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dixon, A.K. A possible olfactory component in the effects of diazepam on social behavior of mice. Psychopharmacology 1982; 77: 246–252.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dixon, A.K and Kaesermann, H.P. Ethopharmacology of flight behaviour. In: Olivier, B., Mos, J. and Brain, P.F., eds., Ethopharmacology of agonistic behaviour in animals and man. Dordrecht: Martinus Nijhoff, 1987; 46–79.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Eccleston, D. and Doogan, D.P. Serotonin in behavioural disorders. Br. J. Psychiatry 1989; 155 (Suppl. 8): 5–69.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eichelman, B. Animal models: their role in the study of aggressive behavior in humans. Progr. Neuro-Psychopharmacol. 1978; 2: 633–643.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Eichelman, B. Aggressive behavior: from laboratory to clinic. Quo vadit?, Arch. Gen. Psychiatry, 1992; 49: 488–492.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Elliot, F. A. Propranolol for the control of the belligerent behavior following acute brain damage. Ann. Neurol. 1978; 1: 489–491.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Enreille, A., Pognat, J.F., Galmier, M.J., Lartigue-Mattei, C., Chabard, J.L., Busch, N. and Berger, J.A. Eur. J. Drug Met. Pharmacokin. 1991; 16: 161.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Erskine, M.S., Barfleld, R.J. and Goldman, B.S. Intraspecific fighting during late pregnancy and lactation in rats and effects of litter removal. Behav. Biol. 1978a; 23: 206–218.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Erskine, M.S., Denenberg, V.H. and Goldman, B.D. Aggression in the lactating rat: effects of intruder age and test arena. Behav. Biol. 1978b; 23: 52–66.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Erskine, M.S., Denenberg, V.H. and Goldman, B.D. Postpartum aggression in rats: Il. Dependence on maternal sensitivity to young and effects of experience with pregnancy and parturition. J Comp. Physiol. Zool. 1980; 94: 495–505.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Essman, W.B. Benzodiazepines and aggressive behavior. Modern problems of aggressive behavior. Mod. Probl. Pharmacopsych. 1978; 13: 13–28.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • European Aggression Rating Group (ERAG). Social Dysfunction and Aggression Scale (SDAS-21) in generalized aggression and in aggressive attacks. A validity and reliability study. Int. J. Methods Psychiat. Res. 1992; 2: 15–29.

    Google Scholar 

  • Faser, D. The behaviour of growing pigs during experimental social encounters. J. Agric. Sci. Cambridge 1974; 82: 147–163.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Feshbach, S. and Fraczek, A. Changing aggression: the need and the approach. In: Feshbach, S. and Fraczek, A., eds., Aggression and behavior change — Biological and social processes. New York: Praeger, 1979; 1–5.

    Google Scholar 

  • Flannelly, K.J., Muraoka, M.Y. and Blanchard, D.C. Specific antiaggressive effects of fluprazine hydrochloride. Psychopharmacology 1985; 87: 86–89.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Floody, O.R. and Pfaff, D.W. Aggressive behaviour among female hamsters: the hormonal basis for fluctuations in female aggressiveness correlated with estrous state. J. Comp. Physiol. Psychol. 1977; 91: 443–446.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Floody, O.R. Hormones and aggression in female animals. In: Svare, B.B., ed., Hormones and aggressive behavior. New York and London: Plenum Press, 1983; 39–89.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Fong, M.H., Garattini, S. and Caccia, S. 1-m-Chlorophenylpiperazine is an active metabolite common to the psychotropic drugs trazodone, etoperi-done and mepiprazole. J Pharm. Pharmacol. 1982; 34: 674–675.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Franc, J.E., Duncan, G.F., Farmen, R.H. and Pittman, K.A. J Chrom. 1991; 570: 129.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gaertner, HJ., Liomin, G., Villamsen, D., Birtele, R. and Breyer, U. Tissue metabolites of trifluorperazine, fluphenazine, prochlorperazine, and perphenazine. Kinetics in chronic treatment. Drug Metabolism and Disposition 1975; 3: 437.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gandelman, R. Androgen and fighting behavior. In: Brain, P.F. and Benton, D., eds., The biology of aggression. Arphen a/d Rijn: Sijthoff and Noordhoff, 1981; 215–230.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gianutsos, G. and Lal, H. Aggression in mice after p-chloramphetamine. Res. Comm. Chem. Pathol. Pharmacol. 1975; 10: 379–382.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gibbons, J.L., Barr, G.A., Bridger, W.H. and Leibowitz, S.F. Manipulations of dietary tryptophan: Effects on mouse killing and brain serotonin in the rat. Brain Res. 1979; 169: 139–153.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Glennon, R.A. Site selective serotonin agonists as discriminative stimuli. Psychopharmacology, 1986; 89: (SI) 135.

    Google Scholar 

  • Grant, E.G. and Mackintosh, J.H. A comparison of the social postures of some common laboratory rodents. Behaviour 1963; 21: 246–259.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gualtieri, C.T. Buspirone for the behavior problems of patients with organic brain disorders (letter), J. Clin. Psychopharmacol. 1991; 11: 280–281.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gunn, J. Drugs in the violence clinic. In: Sandler, M., ed., Psychopharmacology of aggression. New York: Raven Press, 1979; 183–195.

    Google Scholar 

  • Guy W (Ed.). ECDEU Assessment manual for psychopharmacology.

    Google Scholar 

  • Revised. US Department of health, education and wellfare. Rockville, Maryland. Clinical Global Impression 1976; p. 218.

    Google Scholar 

  • Haney, M., DeBold, J.F. and Miczek, K.A. Maternal aggression in mice and rats towards male and female conspecifics. Aggr. Behav. 1989; 15: 443–453.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Haney, M. and Miczek, K.A. d-Amphetamine, MDMA, and PCP effects on aggressive and conditioned behavior: 5-HT and dopamine antagonists. Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. 1989; 15 (Pt. 1): 635.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hartog, J., Olivier, B., Kruse, C., Van Wijngaarden, I., Van der Heyden, J.A.M. and Van Dalen, D. New pharmaceutical compositions having a psychotropic activity (Duphar Intl. Res. B.V.), EP 189.612. 1986.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hill, B.K., Balow, A.A. and Bruininks, R.H. A national study of prescribed drugs in institutions and community residential facilities for mentally retarded people. Psychopharmacol. Bull. 1985; 21: 279–284.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hinde, R.A. Biological bases of human social behaviour. New York.: McGraw-Hill, 1974.

    Google Scholar 

  • Horn, H.J. Simplified LD 50 (or ED50) calculations. Biometrics 1956; 12: 311–322.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Huntingford, F.A. The relationship between inter- and intra-specific aggression. Anim. Behav. 1976; 24: 485–497.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Huntingford, F.A. and Turner, A.K. Animal Conflict, Chapman and Hall, London 1987.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Itil, T.M. Drug treatment in the management of aggression. In: Brain, P.F. and Benton, D., eds., Multidisciplinary approaches to aggression research. Amsterdam: Elsevier/North-Holland Biomedical Press, 1981; 489–502.

    Google Scholar 

  • Itil, T.M. and Mukhopadhyay, S. Pharmacological management of human violence. Mod. Probl. Pharmacopsych. 1978; 13: 139–158.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Janssen, P.A.J., Jageman, A.H. and Niemegeers, J.E. Effecs of various drugs on isolation-induced fighting behaviour of male mice. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 1959; 125: 471–475.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jorgensen, A. Metabolism and pharmacokinetics of antipsychotic drugs. In: Bridges, J.W. and Chasseaud, L.F., eds., Progress in Drug Metabolism. Taylor & Francis, London and Philadelphia 1986; 9: 111–174.

    Google Scholar 

  • Karli, P. The Norway rat’s killing response to the white mouse: an experimental analysis. Behaviour 1956; 10: 81–103.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Karli, M., Vergnes, M. and Didiergeorges, F. Rat-mouse interspecific aggressive behaviour and its manipulation by brain ablation and by brain stimulation. In: Garattini, S. and Sigg, E.B., eds., Aggressive behaviour. Amsterdam: Excerpta Medica Foundation 1969; 47–55.

    Google Scholar 

  • Karli, P. Conceptual and methodological problems associated wilh the study of brain mechanisms underlying aggressive behaviour. In: Brain, P.F. and Benton, D., eds., The biology of aggression. Alphen a.d. Rijn: Sijthoff and Noordhoff, 1981; 323–361.

    Google Scholar 

  • Klotz, J. A modified Cochran-Friedman test with missing observations and ordered categorical data. Biometrics 1980; 36: 665–670.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Koning De, P. and Mak, M. Problems in Human Aggression Research, J. Neuropsychiatry 1991; 3: suppl. 1., s61–65.

    Google Scholar 

  • Koolhaas, J.M. Hypothalamically induced intraspecific aggressive behaviour in the rat. Exp. Brain Res. 1978; 32: 365–375.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Koster, HJ., De Greef, L., Klerks, F. and Raghoebar, M. The metabolite patterns of eltoprazine in man, dog, rat and rabbit. Drug Metabol. Drug Interact. 1990; 8: 129.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kostowski, W. Effects of sedatives and major tranquilizers on aggressive behavior. Modern Probl. Pharmacopsych. 1978; 13: 1–12.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Krsiak, M. Timid singly-housed mice: their value in prediction of psychotropic activity of drugs. Br. J. Pharmacol. 1975; 55: 141–150.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Krsiak, M. Effects of drugs on behaviour of aggressive mice. Br. J. Pharmacol. 1979; 65: 525–533.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kruk, M.R., Van der Poel, A.M. and De Vos-Frerichs, T.P. The induction of aggressive behaviour by electrical stimulation in the hypothalamus of male rats. Behaviour 1979; 70: 292–322.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kruk, M.R. and Van der Poel, A.M. Is there evidence for a neural correlate of an aggressive behavioural system in the hypothalamus of the rat? Progr. Brain Res. 1980; 53: 385–390.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kruk, M.R., Van der Poel, A.M., Meelis, W., Hermans, J., Mostert, P.G., Mos, J. and Lohman, A.H.M. Discriminant analysis of the localization of aggression-inducing electrode placements in the hypothalamus of male rats. Brain Res. 1983; 260: 61–79.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kruk, M.R., Van der Laan, C.E., Mos, J., Van der Poel, A.M., Meelis, W. and Olivier, B. Comparison of aggressive behaviour induced by electrical stimulation in the hypothalamus of male and female rats. Progr. Brain Res. 1984; 61: 303–314.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kruk, M.R., Van der Poel, A.M., Lammers, J.H.C.M., Hagg, T., De Hey, A.M.D.M. and Oostvegel, S. Ethopharmacology of hypothalamic aggression in the rat. In: Olivier, B., Mos, J. and Brain, P.F., eds., Ethopharmacology of agonistic behaviour in animals and humans. Dordrecht: Martinus Nijhoff, 1987; 33–45.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Lammers, R. and Van Harten, J. Pharmacokinetics of eltoprazine in the dog. Drug Metabol. Drug Interact. 1990; 8: 141–148.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lehman, M.N. and Adams, D.B. A statistical and motivational analysis of the social behaviors of the male laboratory rat. Behaviour 1977; 61: 238–275.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Levy, M., Burgio, L., Davis, P., Sweet, R. and Janosky, J. Buspirone for disruptive behaviors in community dwelling patients with dementia. J. Am. Geriatr.Soc. 1992; 40: suppl. 10, SA 3.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lidberg, L., Åsberg, M. and Sundqvist-Stensman, U.B. 5-Hydroxyindolea-cetic acid levels in attempted suicides who have killed their children. Lancet 1984; 2: 928.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lidberg, L., Tuck, J.R., Âsberg, M., Scalia-Tomba, G-P. and Bertilsson, L. Homicide, suicide and CSF 5-HIAA. Acta Psychiatr. Scand. 1985; 71: 230–236.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Linnoila, M., Virkkunen, M., Scheinin, M., Nuutila, A., Rimon, R. and Goodwin, F.K. Low cerebrospinal fluid 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid concentration differentiates impulsive from non-impulsive violent behavior. Life Sci. 1983; 33: 2609–2614.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Linnoila, V.M.J. and Virkkunen, M., Aggression, suicidally, and serotonin, J. Clin. Psychiatry 1992; 53: (10, suppl.) 46–51.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lore, R. and Flannelly, K. Rat societies. Sci. Am. 1977; 236: 106–116.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • MacKinnon, R.A. and Yudofsky, S.C. Psychiatric Evaluation in Clinical Practice. New York: J.B. Lippincott Co., 1986.

    Google Scholar 

  • Madden, D.J. and Lion, J.R. Clinical management of aggression. In: Brain, P.F. and Benton, D., eds., Multidisciplinary approaches to aggression research. Amsterdam: Elsevier/North-Holland Biomedical Press 1981; 477–488.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mak, M., De Koning, P., Mos, J., Olivier, B. Preclinical and clinical studies on the role of 5-HT1 receptors in aggression. In: Impulsive Aggression and Disorders of Impulse Control. Eds. E. Hollander and D. Stein. John Wiley & Sons, 1993 (in press).

    Google Scholar 

  • Malick, J.B. The pharmacology of isolationinduced aggressive behaviour in mice. Cur. Dev. Psychopharmacol. 1979; 5: 1–27.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Malmberg, T. Human territoriality: Survey of behavioural territories in man with preliminary analysis of meaning. Mouton, The Hague 1980.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mann, A.H., Graham, N. and Ashby, D. Psychiatric illness in residential homes for the elderly: A survey in one London borough. Age Ageing 1984; 13:265–275.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mark, V.H. and Ervin, E.P. Violence and the brain. New York: Harper and Row, 1970.

    Google Scholar 

  • McGlone, J.J., Kelley, K.W. and Gaskins, C.T. Lithium and porcine aggression. J. Anim. Sci. 1981; 51: 447–455.

    Google Scholar 

  • McGlone, J.J. A quantitative ethogram of aggressive and submissive behaviours in recently regrouped pigs. J. Anim. Sci 1985; 61: 559–565.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Miczek, K.A. Intraspecies aggression in rats: effects of d-amphetamine and chlordiazepoxide. Psychopharmacology 1974; 39: 275–301.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Miczek, K.A. A new test for aggression in rats without aversive stimulation: Differential effects of d-amphetamine and cocaine. Psychopharmacology 1979; 60: 253–259.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Miczek, K.A. The psychopharmacology of aggression. In: Iversen, L.L., Iversen, S.D. and Snyder, S.H., eds., Handbook of psychopharmacology, Vol. 19: New directions in behavioral pharmacology. New York: Plenum Press 1987; 183–328.

    Google Scholar 

  • Miczek, KA. and Barry, H. III. Pharmacology of sex and aggression. In: Glick, S.D. and Goldfarb, J., eds., Behavioural Pharmacology. St Louis: Mosby, 1976; 176–257.

    Google Scholar 

  • Miczek, K.A. and DeBold, J.F. Hormone-drug interactions and their influence on aggressive behavior. In: Svare, B.B., ed., Hormones and aggressive behavior., New York: Plenum Press, 1983; 313–347.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Miczek, K.A., DeBold, J.F. and Thompson, M.L. Pharmacological, hormonal and behavioral manipulations in the analysis of aggressive behavior. In: Miczek, K.A., Kruk, M.R., Olivier, B., eds., Ethopharmacological aggression research. New York: Alan R. Liss, 1984; 1–16.

    Google Scholar 

  • Miczek, K.A. and Krsiak, M. Drug effects on agonistic behavior. In: Thompson, T. and Dews, P.B., eds., Advances in behavioral pharmacology, Vol. 2. New York: Academic Press, 1979; 87–162.

    Google Scholar 

  • Miczek, K.A. and Krsiak, M. Pharmacological analysis of attack and flight. In: Brain, P.F. and Benton, D., eds., Multidisciplinary approaches to aggression research. Amsterdam: Elsevier/North-Holland Biomedical Press 1981; 341–354.

    Google Scholar 

  • Miczek, K.A. and Winslow, J.T. Psychopharmacological research on aggressive behaviour. In: Greenshaw, A.J. and Dourisch, C.T., eds., Experimental psychopharmacology. New Jersey: Humana Press, 1988.

    Google Scholar 

  • Middlemiss, D.N. and Fozard, J.R. 8-Hydroxy-2(di-n-propylamino)tetralin discriminates between subtypes of the 5-HT, recognition sites. Eur. J Pharmacol. 1983; 90: 151–153.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Miyamoto, G., Sasabe, H., Tominga, N., Uegaki, N., Tominaga, M. and Shimizu, T. Metabolism of a new positive inotropic agent, 3,4-dihydro-6-[4-(3,4 dimethoxybenzoyl)-l-piperazinyl]-2(lH)-quinolinone (OPC-8212) in the rat, mouse, dog, monkey and human. Xenobiotica 1988; 18: 1143–1155.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Monroe, R. Episodic Behavioral Disorders. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1970.

    Google Scholar 

  • Monroe, R.R. Anticonvulsants in treatment of aggression. J Nerv. Mental Disease 1975a; 160: 119–126.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Monroe, R.R. Drugs in the management of episodic behavioral disorders. In: Fields, W.S. and Sweet, W.H., eds., Neural bases of violence and aggression. St. Louis: Warren H. Green, 1975b; 328–348.

    Google Scholar 

  • Montay, G., Goueffon, Y. and Roquet, F. Absorption, distribution, metabolic fate, and elimination of Pefloxacin mesylate in mice, rats, dogs, monkeys, and humans. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 1984; 25: 463–472.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Montgomery, S.H. and Fineberg, N. Is there a relationship between serotonin receptor subtypes and selectivity of response in specific psychiatrie illness? In: Eccleston, D. and Doogan, D.P., eds., Serotonin in behavioural disorders. Br. J. Psychiatry 1989; 155 (Suppl. 8): 63–70.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mos, J. and Olivier, B., Ethopharmacological analysis of the pro-aggressive action of low doses of benzodiazepines in rats. Psychopharmacology 1986; 89: 25.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mos, J. and Olivier, B. Pro-aggressive actions of benzodiazepines. In: Olivier, B., Mos, J. and Brain, P.F., eds., Ethopharmacology of agonistic behaviour in aninials and humans. Dordrecht: Martinus Nijhoff, 1987; 187–206.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Mos, J. and Olivier, B. Differential effects of selected psychoactive drugs on dominant and subordinate male rats housed in a colony. Neurosci. Res. Commun. 1988; 2: 29–36.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mos, J. and Olivier, B. Quantitative and comparative analyses of pro-aggressive actions of benzodiazepines in maternal aggression of rats. Psychopharmacology 1989; 97: 152453.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mos, J., and Olivier, B. Concepts in animal models for pathological aggressive behaviour in humans. In: Animal Models of Psychopharmacology. Eds. B. Olivier, J. Mos, JL. Slangen. Birkhäuser Verlag, Basel, 1991: pp. 297–316.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mos, J., Olivier, B., Lammers, J.H.C.M., Zethof, T., Kruk, M.R., and Van der Poel, A.M. Pregnancy and lactation do not interact with current thresholds for brain stimulation induced aggression in female rats. Brain Res. 1987; 404: 263–266.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mos J, Olivier B, Poth M, van Aken H The effects of intraventricular administration of eltoprazine, l-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl) piperazine hydrochloride and 8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino) tetralin on resident intruder aggression in the rat. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 1992; 212: 295–298.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mos J, Olivier B, Poth M, Van Oorschot R, Van Aken H. The effects of dorsal raphe administration of eltoprazine, TFMPP, and 8-OH-DPAT on resident intruder aggression in the rat. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 1993; 238: 411–415.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mos J, B. Olivier, M.Th.M. Tulp. Ethopharmacological studies differ-entiate the effects of various serotonergic compounds on aggression in rats. Drug Devl. Res. 1992; 26: 343–360.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mos, J., Olivier, B. and Van Oorschot, R. Maternal aggression towards different sized male opponents: effect of chlordiazepoxide treatment of the mothers and d-amphetamine treatment of the intruders. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 1987; 26: 577–584.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mos, J., Olivier, B. and Van Oorschot, R. Behavioural and neuropharmac-ological aspects of maternal aggression in rodents. Aggr. Behav. 1990; 16: 145–163.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mos, J., Olivier, B., Van Oorschot, R. and Dijkstra, H. Different test situations for measuring offensive aggression in male rats do not result in the same wound patterns. Physiol Behav. 1984; 32: 453–456.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mos, J., Olivier, B., Van Oorschot, R., Van Aken, H. and Zethof, T. Experimental and ethological aspects of maternal aggression in rats: five years of observations. In: Blanchard, R.J., Brain, P.F., Blanchard, D.C. and Parmigiani, S. Dordrecht, Boston, London: Kluwer Acad. Publ. 1989; 385–399.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mos, J., Olivier, B. and Van der Poel, A.M. Modulatory actions of benzodiazepine receptor ligands on agonistic behaviour. Physiol. Behav. 1987; 41: 265–278.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mos, J., Van der Heyden, J.A.M. and Olivier, B. Behavioural effects of 5-HT3 antagonists in animal models for aggression, anxiety and psychosis. In: Bevan, P., Cools, A.R. and Archer, T., eds., Behavioural pharmacology of 5-HT. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum 1989; 389–395.

    Google Scholar 

  • Moyer, K.E. Kinds of aggression and their physiological basis. Comm. Behav. Biol. 1968; 2: 65–87.

    Google Scholar 

  • Moyer, K.E. The psychobiology of aggression. New York, Hagerstown, San Francisco, London: Harper and Row, 1976.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nikulina, E.M. and Popova, N. Serotonin’s influence on predatory behavior of highly aggressive CBA and weakly aggressive DD strains of mice. Aggr. Behav. 1986; 12: 277–283.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • O’Boyle, M. Rats and mice together: the predatory nature of the rat’s mouse-killing response. Psychol. Bull. 1974; 181: 261–269.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • O’Neil, M., Page, N. and Adkins, W.N. Tryptophan-trazodone treatment of aggressive behavior. Lancet 1986; 2: 859–860.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Olivier, B. The ventromedial hypothalamus and aggressive behaviour in rats. Aggr. Behav. 1977; 3: 47–56.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Olivier, B. Selective anti-aggressive properties of DU 27725: Ethological analyses of internale and territorial aggression in the male rat. Pharmacol Biochem. Behav. 1981; 14 (Suppl. 1): 61–77.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Olivier, B. and Mos, J. A female aggression paradigm for use in psycho-pharmacology: maternal agonistic behaviour in rats. In: Brain, P.F. and Martin Ramirez, J., eds., Cross-disciplinary studies on aggression. Seville: University of Seville Press 1986; 73–111.

    Google Scholar 

  • Olivier, B. and Mos, J. Serenics and aggression. Stress Medicine 1986; 2: 197–209.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Olivier, B. and Mos, J. Serotonin, serenics and aggressive behaviour in animals. In: Swinkels, J.A. and Blijleven, W., eds., Depression, anxiety and aggression. Houten: Medidact, 1988; 133–165.

    Google Scholar 

  • Olivier, B. and Mos, J. Serotonergic aspects of agonistic behavior. In: Lerer, B. and Gershon, S., eds., New directions in affective disorders. New York: Springer Verlag, 1989; 40–44.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Olivier, B. and Mos, J. Serotonergic and benzodiazepine modulation of agonistic behaviour: ethopharmacological analyses. Biotemas 1989; 2: 148.

    Google Scholar 

  • Olivier, B. and Mos, J. Rodent models of aggressive behaviour and serotonergic drugs. Clin. Neuropharmacology, 1990; 13: suppl. 2, 247–248.

    Google Scholar 

  • Olivier, B., Mos, J. and Brain, P.F. Ethopharmacology of agonistic behavior in animals and humans. Dordrecht: Martinus Nijhoff, 1987; 1–270.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Olivier, B., Mos, J., Hartog, J. and Rasmussen, D.L. Serenics: A new class of drugs for putative selective treatment of pathological destructive behaviour. Drug News Persp. 1990; 3: 261–271.

    Google Scholar 

  • Olivier, B., Mos, J. and Rasmussen, D. Behavioural pharmacology of the serenic eltoprazine. Drug Metabol. Drug Interact. 1990; 8: 31–83.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Olivier, B., Mos, J., Schipper, J., Tulp, M.T.M., Van der Heyden, J.A.M., Berkelmans, B. and Bevan, P. Serotonergic modulation of agonistic behaviour. In: Olivier, B., Mos, J. and Brain, P.F., eds., Ethopharmacological analysis of agonistic behaviour in animals and man. Dordrecht: Martinus Nijhoff, 1987; 162–186.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Olivier, B., Mos, J., Van der Heyden, J.A.M. and Hartog, J. Serotonergic modulation of social interaction in male mice. Psychopharmacology 1989b; 97: 154–156.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Olivier, B., Mos, J., Van der Heyden, J., Tulp, M., Schipper, J. and Bevan, P. Modulatory action of serotonin in aggressive behaviour. In: Bevan, P., Cools, A.R. and Archer, T., eds., Behavioural pharmacology of 5-HT. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum, 1989a; 89–115.

    Google Scholar 

  • Olivier, B., Mos, J., Van der Heyden, J.A.M., Tulp, M.Th.M. and Slangen, J.L. Anxiolytic properties of 5-HT3 antagonists: A review. Stress Medicine 1992; 8: 117–136.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Olivier, B., Mos, J., Van der Poel, A.M., Krijzer, F.N.C. and Kruk, M.R. Effects of a new psychoactive drug (DU 27716) on different models of rat agonistic behaviour and EEG. In: Blanchard, D.C., Flannelly, KJ. and Blanchard, R.J., eds., Biological perspectives on aggression. New York: Alan R. Liss 1984; 261–279.

    Google Scholar 

  • Olivier, B., Mos, J. and Van Oorschot, R. Maternal aggression in rats: effects of chlordiazepoxide and fluprazine. Psychopharmacology 1985; 86: 68–76.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Olivier, B., Mos, J. and Van Oorschot, R. Maternal aggression in rats: Lack of interaction between chlordiazepoxide and fluprazine. Psychopharmacology 1986; 88:40–43.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Olivier, B., Mos, J. and Van Oorschot, R. Drugs, Neurotransmitters and offensive aggression. In: Strategies for studying CNS active compounds. T. Palomo, L. Seiden (eds.), Farrand Press (in press).

    Google Scholar 

  • Olivier, B., Olivier-Aardema, R.L. and Wiepkema, P.R. Effect of anterior hypothalamic and mammillary area lesions on territorial aggressive behaviour in male rats. Behav. Brain Res. 1983; 9: 59–81.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Olivier, B., Van Aken, H., Jaarsma, I., Van Oorschot, R., Zethof, T. and Bradford, L.D. Behavioural effects of psychoactive drugs on agonistic behaviour of male territorial rats (resident-intruder paradigm). In: Miczek, K-A., Kruk, M.R. and Olivier, B., eds., Ethopharmacological aggression research. New York: Alan R. Liss, 1984; 137–156.

    Google Scholar 

  • Olivier, B. and Van Dalen, D. Social behaviour in rats and mice: an ethologically based model for differentiating psychoactive drugs. Aggr. Behav. 1982; 8: 163–168.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Olivier, B., Van Dalen, D. and Hartog, J. A new class of psychoactive drugs: Serenics. Drugs Future 1986; 11: 473–499.

    Google Scholar 

  • Orsini, J.C., Barone, F.C., Armstrong, D.L. and Wayner, M.J. Direct effects of androgens on lateral hypothalamic neuronal activity in the male rat: I. A microiontophoretic study. Brain Res. Bull. 1985; 15: 293–297.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Overall, J.E. and Gorham, D.R. The Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale. Psychol. Rep. 1962; 10: 799–812.

    Google Scholar 

  • Owen, R.T. YG-19–256. Drugs Future 1980; 5: 98–99.

    Google Scholar 

  • Palmstierna, T. and Wistedt, B. Staff observation aggression scale. SOAS: presentation and evaluation. Acta Psychiatr. Scand. 1987; 76: 657–663.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Panksepp, J. The ontogeny of play in rats. Devl. Psychobiol 1981; 14: 327–332.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Panksepp, J. and Beatty, W.W. Social deprivation and play in rats. Behav. Neural. Biol. 1980; 30: 197–206.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Panksepp, J., Normansell, L., Cox, J.F., Crepeau, L.J. and Sacks, D.J. Psychopharmacology of social play. In: Olivier, B., Mos, J. and Brain, P.F., eds., Ethopharmacology of agonistic behaviour in aninials and man. Dordrecht: Martinus Nijhoff, 1987; 132–144.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Panksepp, J., Siviy, S. and Normansell, L. The psychobiology of play: Theoretical and methodological perspectives. Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 1984; 8: 465–492.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Payne, A.P. and Swanson, H.H. Agonistic behaviour between pairs of hamsters of same and opposite sex in a neutral observation area. Behaviour 1970; 36: 259–269.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Peroutka, S.J. 5-Hydroxytryptamine receptor subtypes: Molecular, biochemical and physiological characterization. Trends Neurosci. 1993.

    Google Scholar 

  • Porter, D.B. and Slusser, C.A. Azaperone: a review of a new neuroleptic for swine. Vet. Med. 1985; 88–92.

    Google Scholar 

  • Poshivalov, V.P. Pharmaco-ethological analysis of social behaviour of isolated mice. Pharmacol Biochem. Behav. 1981; 14 (suppl. 1): 53–59.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Poshivalov, V.P. Ethopharmacological and neuropharmacological analyses of agonistic behaviour. In: Olivier, B., Mos, J. and Brain, P.F., eds., Ethopharmacology of agonistic behaviour in animals and man. Dordrecht: Martinus Nijhoff, 1987; 122–131.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Poshivalov, V.P. and Khodko, S.T. Mathematical description and experimental analyslis of animal intraspecific agonistic behavior. In: Miczek, K.A., Kruk, M.R. and Olivier, B., eds., Ethopharmacological Aggression Research. New York: Alan R. Liss 1984; 59–80.

    Google Scholar 

  • Potegal, M. The reinforcing value of several types of aggressive behavior: a review. Aggr. Behav. 1979; 5: 353–373.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Potegal, M. and Glusman, M. Effects on muricide of DU 27716 injected peripherally or into septum or dorsal raphe. Aggr. Behav. 1983; 9: 118.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rabins, P.V., Mace, N.L. and Lucas, M.J. The impact of dementia on the family. JAMA 1982; 248: 333–335.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Racine, M.A., Flannelly, K.J. and Blanchard, D.C. Anti-aggressive effects of DU 27716 on attack and defensive behaviours in male mice. In: Flannelly, K.J., Blanchard, R.J. and Blanchard, D.C., eds., Biological perspectives on aggression. New York: Alan R. Liss, 1984; 281–293.

    Google Scholar 

  • Raghoebar, M., Mak, M., Cournot, A., Pistorius, M.C.M., Van Harten, J. and Roseboom, H. Pharmacokinetics of eltoprazine in healthy male subjects after single dose oral and intravenous administration. Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 1990; 30: 879–883.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Raleigh, M.J., Banner, G.L., Yuwiler, A., Flannery, J.W., McGuire, M.T. and Geller, E. Serotonergic influences on the social behavior of vervet monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops sabaeus). Exp. Neurol. 1980; 68: 322–339.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Raleigh, M.J., McGuire, M.T., Banner, G.L. and Yuwiler, A. Social and environmental influences on blood serotonin concentrations in monkeys. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 1984; 41: 405–410.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ratey, J.J., Sovner, R., Parks, A. and Rogentine, K. Buspirone treatment of aggression and anxiety in mentally retarded patients: a multiple baseline, placebo lead-in study. J. Clin. Psychiatry 1991; 52: 159–162.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Realmuto, G.M., August, G.I. and Garfinkel, B.D. Clinical effect of buspirone in autistic children. J. Clin. Psychopharmacol. 1989; 9: 122–125.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Reid, A.H., Ballinger, B.R. and Heather, B.B. The natural history of behavioural symptoms among severely and profoundly mentally retarded patients. Br. J. Psychiatry 1984; 145: 289–293.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Reisberg, B., Borenstein, J. and Slalob, S.P. Behavioral symptoms in Alzheimer’s disease: phenomenology and treatment. J. Clin. Psychiatry 1987;48(Suppl. 5): 9–15.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rodgers, RJ. Neurochemical correlates of aggressive behaviour: Some relations to emotion and pain sensitivity. In: Brown, K. and Cooper, S.J., eds., Chemical influences on behaviour. New York: Academic Press 1979; 374–419.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rodgers, R.J. Drugs, aggression and behavioral methods. In: Brain, P.F. and Benion, D., eds., Multidisciplinary approaches to aggression research. Amsterdam, New York-Oxford: Elsevier/North-Holland Biomedical Press, 1981; 325–340.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rossi, A.C. The “mouse-killing” rat: ethological discussion on an experimental model of aggression. Pharmacol. Res. Commun. 1975; 7: 199–216.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rossi, A.M., Jacobs, S. and Monteleone, M. Violent or fear-inducing behavior associated with hospital admission. Hosp. Comm. Psychiatry 1985;36:643–647.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Roubicek, J., Klos, A. and Tschudin, A. YG-19–256: EEG and clinical study in aggressive oligophrenics. Psychopharmacologia 1972; 26 (suppl.): 71.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rowner, B.S., Kafonek, S. and Filipp, L. Prevalence of mental illness in a community nursing home. Am. J. Psychiatry 1986; 143: 1446–1449.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rubin, E.H., Morris, J.C., Siorandt, M. and Berg, L. Behavioral changes in patients with mild senile dementia of the Alzheimer’s type. Psychiatry Res. 1987; 21: 55–62.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sànchez, C., Arnt, J., Hyttel, J. and Moltzen, E.K. The role of serotonergic mechanisms in inhibition of isolation-induced aggression in male mice, Psychopharmacology 1993; 110: 53–59.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sarteschi, P., Longo, E. and Baglivo, S. Pathological aggressiveness in man: some theoretical and practical considerations. Modern Probl. Pharmacopsychiatry 1978; 13:159–174.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sbordone, R.J., Gorelick, D.A. and Elliot, M.L. An ethological analysis of drug-induced pathological aggression. In: Brain, P.F. and Benton, D., eds., Multidisciplinary approaches to aggression research. Amsterdam, New York-Oxford: Elsevier/North-Holland Biomedical Press, 1981; 369–385.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schipper, J., Tulp, M.Th.M., Sijbesma, H. Neurochemical profile of eltoprazine. Drug Metabol. Drug Interact. 1990; 8: 85–115.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schouten, W.G.P. Rearing conditions and behaviour in pigs. PhD Thesis, Wageningen 1986; 1–151.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schuurman, T. Endocrine processes underlying victory and defeat in the male rat. Groningen: PhD Thesis, 1981; 1–109.

    Google Scholar 

  • Scott, J.P. Agonistic behaviour in mice and rats: a review. Am. Zool. 1966; 683–701.

    Google Scholar 

  • Scott, J.P. and Fredericson, E. The causes of fighting in mice and rats. Physiol Zool 1951; 24: 273–309.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sheard, M.H. Shock-induced fighting (SIF): Psychopharmacology studies. Aggr.Behav. 1981; 7: 41–49.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sheard, M.H. The effect of lithium and other ions on aggressive behavior. In: Valzelli, L., ed., Modern problems of pharmacology: psychopharmacology of aggression. Basel: Karger, 1978; 13: 82–102.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sheard, M.H. Psychopharmacology of aggression. In: Hippius, H. and Winokur, G., eds., Psychopharmacology 1. Part 2: Clinical Psychopharmacology. Amsterdam, Oxford, Princeton: Excerpta Medica, 1983; 188–202.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sheard, M.H. Clinical pharmacology of aggressive behavior. Clin. Neuropharmacol. 1984; 7: 173–183.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sheard, M.H. Psychopharmacology of aggression in humans. In: Olivier, B., Mos, J. and Brain, P.F., eds., Ethopharmacology of agonistic behaviour in animals and humans. Dordrecht: Martinus Nijhoff, 1987; 257–266.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Siegel, S. Non-parametric statistics for the behavioral sciences. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1956.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sijbesma H, Schipper J, Cornelissen J.C.H.M., de Kloet ER. Species differences in the distribution of central 5-HT1 binding sites: a comparative autoradiographic study between rat and guinea pig. Brain Research, 1991; 555:295–304.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sijbesma H., Schipper J., de Kloet ER. Eltoprazine, a drug which reduces aggressive behaviour, binds selectively to 5-HT1 receptor sites in the rat brain: an autoradiographic study. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 1990; 177: 55–61.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sijbesma H., Schipper J., de Kloet ER, Mos J, van Aken H, Olivier B. Postsynaptic 5-HT1 receptors and offensive aggression in rats: a combined behavioural and autoradiographic study with eltoprazine. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 1991; 38: 447–458.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Svare, B. Maternal aggression in mice: influence of the young. Biobehav. Rev. 1977; 1: 151–164.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Svare, B. Models of aggression employing female rodents. In: Brain, P.F. and Benton, D., eds., The biology of aggression. Alphen a.d. Rijn: Sijthoff and Noordhoff, 1981; 503–508.

    Google Scholar 

  • Svare, B. Hormones and aggressive behaviour. New York and London: Plenum Press, 1983.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Svare, B. and Gandelman, R. Postpartum aggression in mice: experimental and environmental factors. Horm. Behav. 1973; 4: 323–334.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Svare, B. and Mann, M. Hormonal influence on maternal aggression. In: Svare, B., ed., Hormones and aggressive behavior. New York: Plenum Press, 1983; 91–104.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Svare, B., Mann, M. and Samuels, O. Mice: Suckling stimulation but not lactation important for maternal aggression. Behav. Neural. Biol. 1980; 29: 453–462.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Symoens, J. and Van den Brande, M. Prevention and cure of aggressiveness in pigs using the sedative azaperone. Vet. Rec. 1969; 85: 64–77.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Takahashi, L.K. and Lore, R.K. Intermale and maternal aggression in adult rats tested at different ages. Physiol. Behav. 1982; 29: 1013–1018.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tardiff, K and Sweillam, A. Assault, suicide, and mental illness. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 1980; 73: 164–169.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tardiff, K. and Sweillam, A. Assaultive behavior among chronic inpatients. Am. J. Psychiatry 1982; 139: 212–215.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tedeschi, R.E., Tedeschi, D.H., Mucha, A., Cook, L., Mattis, P.A. and Fellows, E.J. Effect of various centrally acting drugs on fighting behaviour of mice. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 1959; 125: 28–34.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tiihonen, J., Hakola, P., Paanila, J. and Turtiainen, M. Eltoprazine for aggression in schizophrenia and mental retardation (letter). The Lancet 1993; 341: 307.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Timmermans, P.J.A. Social behaviour in the rat. PhD Thesis. University of Nijmegen 1978; 1–298.

    Google Scholar 

  • Traskman, L., Åsberg, M., Bertilsson, L. and Sjöstrand, L. Monoamine metabolites in CSF and suicidal behavior. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 1981; 38: 631–636.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tuinier, S. Clinical aspects of aggression. In: Swinkels, J.A. and Blijleven, W., eds. Depression, anxiety and aggression. Factors that influence the course. Houten: Medidact, 1988: 181–193.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tupin, J.P. Psychopharmacology and aggression. In: Roth, L.H., ed., Clinical treatment of the violent person. Rockville, MI: US Department of Health and Human Services, 1985; 83–99.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ulrich, R.E. and Azrin, N.H. Reflexive fighting in response to aversive stimulation. J. Exp. Anal. Behav. 1962; 5: 511–520.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ursin, H. Aggression and the brain: reflex chains or network? Behav. Brain Sci. 1979; 2: 227.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ursin, H. Affective and instrumental aspects of fear and aggression. In: Koukkou, M. and Lehmann, D., Eds., Functional states of the brain: their determinants. Amsterdam: Elsevier/North Holland, 1980.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ursin, H. Neuroanatomical basis of aggression. In: Brain, P.F. and Benton, D., eds., Multidisciplinary approaches to aggression research. Amsterdam: Elsevier/North-Holland Biomedical Press, 1981; 269–293.

    Google Scholar 

  • Valenstein, E.S. Brain control: a critical examination of brain stimulation and psychosurgery. New York: John Wiley and Sons, 1973.

    Google Scholar 

  • Valzelli, L. The “isolation syndrome” in mice. Psychopharmacologia 1973; 31: 305–320.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Valzelli, L. Psychopharmacology of aggression. Basel: S. Karger 1978.

    Google Scholar 

  • Valzelli, L. Effects of sedatives and anxiolytics on aggressivity. In: Boissier, J.R., ed., Modern problems of pharmacology of anxiolytics and sedatives. Basel: S. Karger, 1979; 143–156.

    Google Scholar 

  • Valzelli, L. Psychopharmacology of aggression: an overview. Intl. Pharmacopsychiatry 1981; 16: 39–48.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Valzelli, L. and Bernasconi, S. Psychoactive drug effect on socioenvironmental deprivation in rats. Pharmacol. Res. Commun. 1980; 12: 279–282.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Van der Ploeg, H.M., Defares, P.B. and Spielberger, C.D. Handleiding bij de Zelf-Beoordelings Vragenlijst, Swets and Zeitlinger BV, Lisse, The Netherlands 1980.

    Google Scholar 

  • Van der Poel, A.M., Mos, J., Kruk, M.R. and Olivier, B. A motivational analysis of ambivalent actions in the agonistic behaviour of rats in tests used to study effects of drugs on aggression. In: Miczek, K.A., Kruk, M.R. and Olivier, B., eds., Ethopharmacological Aggression Research. New York: Alan R. Liss, 1984; 115–135.

    Google Scholar 

  • Van der Poel, A.M., Olivier, B., Mos, J., Kruk, M.R. and Meelis, W. and Van Aken, J.H.M. Anti-aggressive effect of a new phenylpiperazine compound (DU 27716) on hypothalamically induced behavioural activities. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 1982; 17: 147–153.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Van Harten, J., Mathlener, I.S. and Raghoebar, M. Pharmacokinetics of eltoprazine in healthy subjects. Drug Metabol. Drug Interact. 1990; 8: 149–158.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Van Leeuwen, C.J., Riedel, W.J. and O’Hanlon, J.F. Assessment of the antiaggressive effects of a putative anxiolytic, CGP 361A, versus those of diazepam and placebo in humans using a novel experimental approach, Psychopharmacology 1988; 96: (suppl. 232) S358.

    Google Scholar 

  • Van Praag, H.M. Serotonergic dysfunction and aggression control (Editorial), Psychol. Med. 1991; 21: 15–19.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Vaugien, B., Descas, P., Gomond, P., Lambrey, B., D’Arnoux, C., Jarry, C., Mosser, J., Panconi, E., Saudubray, F. and Roux, J. COR 3224. Drugs of the Future 1991; 16: 893–894.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vergnes, M. and Kempf, E. Effect of hypothalamic injections of 5,7 dihydroxytryptamine on elicitation of mouse-killing in rats. Behav. Brain Res. 1982; 5:387–397.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vergnes, M., Depaulis, A. and Boehrer, A. Parachloro-phenylalanine induced serotonin depletion increases offensive but not defensive aggression in male rats. Physiol Behav. 1986; 36: 653–658.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vergnes, M., Depaulis, A., Boehrer, A. and Kempf, E. Selective increase of offensive behavior in the rat following intrahypothalamic 5,7-DHT-in-duced serotonin depletion. Behav. Brain Res. 1988; 29: 85–91.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Verhoeven, W.M.A., Tuinier, S., Sijben, N.A.S., Dosen, A. and Van den Berg, J.W.H.M., Pepplinkhuizen, L., and Van Nieuwenhuizen, O. Eltoprazine in mentally retarded selflnjuring patients (letter), The Lancet 1992; 340: 1037–1038.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Virkkunen, M., Nuutila, A., Goodwin, F. and Linnoila, M. CSF monoamine metabolites in male arsonists. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 1987; 44: 241–247.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Winslow, J.T., DeBold, J.F. and Miczek, K.A. Alcohol effects on the aggressive behaviour of squirrel monkeys and mice are modulated by testosterone. In: Olivier, B., Mos, J. and Brain, P.F., eds., Ethopharmacology of agonistic behaviour in animals and man. Dordrecht: Martinus Nijhoff, 1987; 223–244.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Wise, D.A. Aggression in the female golden hamster: effects of reproductive state and social isolation. Horm. Behav. 1974; 5: 235–250.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wistedt, B., Rassmussen, A., Pedersen, L., Malm, U., Traskman-Bendz, L., Wakelin, J. and Bech, P. The development of an observer scale for measuring social dysfunction and aggression. Pharmacopsychiatry 1990; 23:249–252.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ybema, C.E., Slangen, J.L., Olivier, B. and Mos, J. Discriminative stimulus properties of the serotonergic compound eltoprazine. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Therap. 1992; 260: 1045–1051.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yen, C.Y., Stanger, R.L. and Millnam, N. Ataractic suppression of isolation-induced aggressive behavior. Arch. Int. Pharmacodyn. Ther. 1959; 123: 179–185.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yesavage, J. A. Inpatient violence and the schizophrenic patient. A study of Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale scores and inpatient behavior. Acta Psychiatr. Scand. 1983; 67: 353–357.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yodyingyuad, U., de la Riva, C., Abbott, D.H., Herbert, J. and Keverne, E.B. Relationship between dominance hierarchy, cerebrospinal fluid levels of amine transmitter metabolites (5-hydroxyindole acetic acid and homovanillic acid) and plasma Cortisol in monkeys. Neurosci. 1985; 16: 851–858.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yoshimura, H. Ethopharmacology of agonistic behaviour in male and female mice. In: Olivier, B., Mos, J. and Brain, P.F., eds., Ethopharmacology of agonistic behaviour in animals and man. Dordrecht: Martinus Nijhoff, 1987; 94–109.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Yudofsky, S.C., Silver, J.M. and Hales, R.E. Pharmacologic management of aggression in the elderly. J. Clin. Psychiatry 1990; 51: supl. 22–28.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Yudofsky, S.C., Silver, J.M., Jackson, W., Endicott, J. and Williams, D. The Overt Aggression Scale for Objective Rating of Verbal and Physical Aggression. Am. J. Psych. 1986; 143: 35–39.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yudofsky, S.C., Silver, J.M. and Schneider, S.E. Pharmacologic treatment of aggression. Special Issue: Treatment of aggressive disorders. Psychiatric Annals 1987; 17:397–407.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zech, K., Eltze, M., Kilian, U., Sanders, K.H. and Kolassa, N. Arch. Int. Pharmacodyn. Ther. 1984; 272: 180.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zimmer, J.G., Watson, N. and Treat, A. Behavioral problems among patients in skilled nursing facilities. Am. J. Public Health 1984; 74: 1118–1121.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. CNS-Research, Drug Discovery Section, Solvay Duphar b.v., P.O.Box 900, 1380 DA, Weesp, The Netherlands

    Berend Olivier & Jan Mos

  2. Dept. of Psychopharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands

    Berend Olivier

  3. Project Management, Solvay Duphar b.v., The Netherlands

    Maikel Raghoebar

  4. Department of Clinical Research, Solvay Duphar b.v., The Netherlands

    Paul de Koning & Marianne Mak

Authors
  1. Berend Olivier
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Jan Mos
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Maikel Raghoebar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Paul de Koning
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Marianne Mak
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Basel, Switzerland

    Ernst Jucker

  2. Steinweg 28, CH-4107, Ettingen, Switzerland

    Ernst Jucker

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1994 Birkhäuser Verlag Basel (Switzerland)

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Olivier, B., Mos, J., Raghoebar, M., de Koning, P., Mak, M. (1994). Serenics. In: Jucker, E. (eds) Progress in Drug Research / Fortschritte der Arzneimittelforschung / Progrès des recherches pharmaceutiques. Progress in Drug Research / Fortschritte der Arzneimittelforschung / Progrès des recherches pharmaceutiques, vol 42. Birkhäuser Basel. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-7153-2_6

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-7153-2_6

  • Publisher Name: Birkhäuser Basel

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-0348-7155-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-0348-7153-2

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation