Abstract
The cyclopropane ring is a relative newcomer to be recognized in natural products of biological interest, and to be applied synthetically to prospective biologically active compounds. The syntheses of biologically active cyclopropane derivatives have been studied only during the last 25 years. Ideas concerning the biosynthesis of naturally occurring cyclopropane compounds have been formulated still more recently. Although cyclopropane itself has been used as a general anesthetic in the clinic since 1930, more than 30 years passed before the first cyclopropane derivative, trans-2-phenylcyclopropylamine, became available in medicine. A number of cyclopropane fatty acids had turned up as constituents of certain lipids, but their origin and function did not become understood until much later. These slow developments contrast with the high level of activity in the purely chemical study of cyclopropane and its derivatives. Here the formation of such compounds from olefins or by photochemical reactions, and their ability to rearrange, have had high priority among organic chemists. Kinetic, theoretical, orbital-overlap, and bond-strain studies have also received considerably more attention than medicinal and biological investigations.
The preparation of this review has been aided by a grant, 12781, from the Institute of General Medical Sciences, National Institutes of Health, U.S.A.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsPreview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
A. Von Freund, Monatsh. Chem. 3, 625 (1882).
G. H. W. Lucas and V. E. Henderson, Canad. M. A. J. 21, 173 (1929).
V. E. Henderson and G. H. W. Lucas, Anesthesia and Analgesia 9, 1 (1930).
R. M. Waters and E. R. Schmidt, J. Am. Med. Assocn. 103, 975 (1934).
F. S. Orcutt and M. H. Seevers, J. Pharmacol. Exp. Therap. 59, 206 (1937).
T. S. Chambers and G. B. Kistiakowsky, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 56, 399 (1934).
B. H. Robbins, J. Pharmacol. Exp. Therap. 58, 243 (1936).
Beilsteins Handbuch der Organischen Chemie, Vol. V, 4th ed. ( Springer Verlag, Berlin 1963 ), p. 4.
L. Goodman and A. Gilman, The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 3rd ed. ( The McMillan Co., New York, N.Y., 1965 ), p. 75–81.
Pharmacology in Medicine, 3rd ed. (Ed. V. A. Drill, McGraw Hill, New York, N.Y., 1954 ), p. 119–122.
R. E. Tedeschi, D. H. Tedeschi, P. L. Ames, L. Cook, P. A. Mattis and E. J. Fellows, Proc. Soc. Exptl. Biol. Med. 102, 380 (1959).
D. H. Tedeschi, R. E. Tedeschi and E. J. Fellows, Proc. Soc. Exptl. Biol. Med. 103, 680 (1960).
A. Burger and W. L. Yost, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 70, 2198 (1948).
D. R. Maxwell, W. R. Gray and E. M. Taylor, Brit. J. Pharmacol. 17, 310 (1961).
H. Green and R. W. Erickson, J. Pharmacol. Exp. Therap. 129, 237 (1960).
A. R. Maas and M. J. Nimmo, Nature 754, 547 (1959).
M. Ozaki, H. Weissbach, A. Ozaki, B. Witkop and S. Udenfriend, J. Med. Pharm. Chem. 2, 591 (1960).
M. A. Schwartz, J. Pharmacol. Exp. Therap. 135, 1 (1962).
K. Stock and E. Westermann, Arch. Exptl. Pathol. Pharmakol. 243, 44 (1962).
E. A. Zeller and S. Sarkar, J. Biol. Chem. 237, 2333 (1962).
P. A. Shore and V. H. Cohn, Jr., Biochem. Pharmacol. 5, 91 (1960).
A. Burger and S. Nara, J. Med. Chem. 8, 859 (1965).
C. L. Zirkle, C. Kaiser, D. H. Tedeschi, R. E. Tedeschi and A. Burger, J. Med. Pharm. Med. 5, 1265 (1962).
C. Kaiser, B. M. Lester, C. L. Zirkle, A. Burger, C. S. Davis, T. J. Delia and L. Zirngibl, J. Med. Pharm. Chem. 5, 1243 (1962).
A. Burger, M. Bernabe and P. W. Collins, J. Med. Chem. 13, 33 (1970).
J. Finkelstein, E. Chang and J. Lee, J. Med. Chem. 8, 432 (1965).
J. Finkelstein, E. Chang, F. M. Vane and J. Lee, J. Med. Chem. 9, 319 (1966).
J. Finkelstein, E. Chang and J. Lee, J. Med. Chem. 9, 440 (1966).
A. Sjoerdsma, F. E. Smith, T. D. Stevenson and D. Udenfriend, Proc. Soc. Exptl. Biol. Med. 89, 36 (1955).
A. Burger, J. F. Siuda, N. Watzman and J.P. Buckley, J. Med.Chem. 12, 317 (1969).
L. O. Randall and R. E. Bagdon, Ann. New York Acad. Sci. 80, 626 (1959).
S. Sarkar, Dissertation, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 1961.
For references see C. L. Zirkle and C. Kaiser, in: Psychopharmacological Agents (Ed. M. Gordon, Academic Press, New York, N.Y., 1964 ), p. 324.
H. Yamada and K. T. Yasunobu, J. Biol. Chem. 237, 1511 (1962).
C. M. Mcewen, Jr., J. Biol. Chem. 240, 2003, 2011 (1965).
P. Pratesi and H. Blaschko, Brit. J. Pharmacol. 14, 256 (1969).
E. Grana and L. Lilla, Brit. J. Pharmacol. 41, 501 (1959); (Ed. Farmaco, Pavia) Science 14, 605 (1959).
D. B. Hope and A. D. Smith, Biochem. J. 74, 101 (1960).
J. H. Biel, A. E. Drucker, T. F. Mitchell, P. S. Sprengeler, P. A. Nuhfer, A. C. Conway and A. Horita, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 81, 2805 (1959).
J. H. Biel, A. C. Conway, F. Dipierro, A. E. Drukker and P. A. Nuhfer, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 81, 4995 (1959).
A. Burger, C. S. Davis, H. Green, D. H. Tedeschi and C. Zirkle, J. Med. Pharm. Chem. 4, 571 (1961).
J. Augstein, S. M. Green, A. M. Monro, T. I. Wrigley, A. R. Katritzky and G. J. T. Tiddy, J. Med. Chem. 10, 391 (1967).
B. Belleau and J. Moran, J. Med. Pharm. Chem. 5, 215 (1962).
E. S. Lewis and C. E. Boozer, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 76, 791, 794 (1954).
E. A. Halevi and M. Nussim, J. Chem. Soc. 1963, 876.
M. J. S. Dewar, Hyperconjugation ( Ronald Press, New York, N.Y., 1962 ).
G. W. Cannon, A. A. Santilli and P. Shenian, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 81, 1660 (1959).
R. Fuchs and J. J. Bloomfield, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 81, 3158 (1959).
S. Sarkar, R. Banerjee, M. S. Ise and E. A. Zeller, Helv. Chim. Acta 43, 439 (1960).
C. Beard and A. Burger, J. Org. Chem. 26, 2335 (1961).
A. Burger and S. E. Zimmerman, Arzeimittel-Forsch. 16, 1571 (1966).
A. Burger and R. Bennett, J. Med. Pharm. Chem. 2, 687 (1960).
R. F. Long, Biochem. J. 82, 3 (1962).
J. J. Alleva, J. Med. Chem. 6, 621 (1963).
G. C. Heil, C. A. Leonard and D. H. Tedeschi, The Pharmacologist 7, 155 (1965).
C. Kaiser, C. A. Leonard, G. C. Heil, B. M. Lester, D. H. Tedeschi and C. L. Zirkle, J. Med. Chem. 13, 820 (1970).
A. M. Lands and T. G. Brown, Jr., in: Drugs Acting on the Peripheral Nervous System (Ed. A. Burger, Dekker, New York, N.Y., 1967 ), p. 422.
G. M. Simpson, J. Iqbal and F. Iqbal, Curr. Ther. Res. 8, 400 (1966).
J. H. Biel, in: Amphetamines and Related Compounds (Ed. E. Costa and S. Garattini, Raven Press, New York, N.Y., 1970 ), p. 14.
J. R. Boissier, R. Ratouis, C. Dumont and J. Lesbros, Chimica Therapeucita 5–6, 320 (1966).
R. E. Mcmahon, H. W. Culp and J. Mills, J. Med. Chem. 13, 986 (1970).
A. Burger, R. T. Standridge and E. J. Ariens, J. Med. Chem. 6, 211 (1963).
J. Mills, R. Kattau, I. H. Slater and R. W. Fuller, J. Med. Chem. 11, 95 (1968).
B. W. Horrum, U.S. Pat. 3, 037, 045 (1962).
T. A. Ban and H. E. Lehmann, Curr. Therap. Res. 8, 614 (1966).
L. G. Beregi, P. Hugon, J. C. Ledouarec, M. Laubie and J. Duhault, in: Amphetamines and Related Compounds (Ed. E. Costa and S. Garattini, Raven Press, New York, N.Y., 1970), p. 38, 40.
L. S. Harris, Arch. Exp. Pathol. Pharmakol. 248, 426 (1964).
L. S. Harris and A. K. Pierson, J. Pharmacol. Exptl. Therap. 143, 141 (1964).
Sterling Drug, Inc., Brit. Pat. 1,000,506 (1965); throughChem. Abstr. 63,16317/(1965).
For a review, see M. Gates, Sci. American 215, 131 (1966).
S.Archer, L. S.Harris, N. F. Albertson, B. F. Tullar and A.K.Pierson, in: Molecular Modification in Drug Design (Ed. F. W. Schueler, American Chemical Society, Washington, D.C., 1964 ), p. 166–168.
C. L. Zirkle and C. Kaiser, in: Medicinal Chemistry, 3rd ed. (Ed. A. Burger, Inter- science Division of John Wiley, New York, N.Y., 1970 ), p. 1430.
P. D. Armstrong and J. G. Cannon, J. Med. Chem. 13, 1037 (1970).
C. Y. Chou, J. P. Long, J. G. Cannon, and P. D. Armstrong, J. Pharmacol. Exptl. Therap. 166, 243 (1969).
C. Chothia and P. Pauling, Nature 226, 541 (1970).
P. Waser, Experientia 17, 300 (1971).
A. H. Beckett, Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 44, 675 (1967).
A. Burger and B. R. Bedford, J. Med. Chem. 6, 402 (1963).
J. F. Mccarthy, J. G. Cannon, J. P. Buckley and W. J. Kinnard, J. Med. Chem. 7, 72 (1964).
A. Burger and H.-J. Petersen, J. Med. Chem. 7, 562 (1964).
R. A. Pages and A. Burger, J. Med. Chem. 9, 766 (1966).
R. A. Pages and A. Burger, J. Med. Chem. 10, 435 (1967).
D. G. Markees and A. Burger, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 70, 3329 (1948).
D. G. Markees and A. Burger, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 71, 2031 (1949).
J. R. Boissier, R. Ratouis, C. Dummont, P. H. Derible and J.-P. Lavaux, J. Med. Chem. 13, 971 (1970).
A. F. Crowther, D. J. Gilman, B. J. Mcloughlin, L. M. Smith, R. W. Turner and T. M. Wood, J. Med. Chem. 12, 638 (1969).
C. H. Tilford, M. G. Van Campen, Jr., and R. S. Shelton J. Am. Chem. Soc. 69, 2902 (1947).
J. W. Dean, G. O. Potts and R. G. Christiansen, J. Med. Chem. 10, 795 (1967).
G. W. Moersch, D. E. Evans and G. S. Lewis, J. Med. Chem. 10, 254 (1967).
J. Fried, C. Beard, I.T. Harrison, I. Jamieson, W.Rooks and R. Dorfman, as reported in: Chem. Eng. News, 25 Sept. 1967, p. 56.
M. E. Wolff, W. Ho and R. Kwok, J. Med. Chem. 7, 577 (1964).
G. Ourisson, P. Crabbe and O. Rodig, Tetracyclic Triterpenes ( Holden-Day, San Francisco, Calif., 1961, 1964 ).
W. Parker, J. S. Roberts and R. Ramage, Quarterly Rev. 21, 331 (1967).
For a review, see F. L. Carter and V. L. Frampton, Chem. Revs. 64, 497 (1964) (p. 521 ).
K. Hofmann and T. Y. Liu, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 37, 364 (1960).
K. J. I. Chalk and E. Kodicek, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 50, 579 (1961).
W. M. O’Leary, J. Bact. 77, 367 (1959).
M. Gastambide-Odier, J. M. Delaumeny and E. Lederer, Compt. rend. Acad. Sci. (Paris) 259, 3404 (1964).
A. H. Etemadi, A. M. Miquel, E. Lederer and M. Barbier, Bull. soc. chim. France 1964, 3274.
A. E. Chung and J. H. Law, Biochemistry 3, 967, 1989 (1964).
J. H. Law and J. G. Hildebrand, Biochemistry 3, 1304 (1964).
W. M. O’Leary, on: Transmethylation and Methionine BiosynthesisW. M. O’Leary (Ed. S. K. Shapiro and F. Schlenk, The University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 111., 1965 ), p. 94.
S. Pohl, J. H. Law, and R. Ryhage, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 70, 583 (1963).
E. Lederer, Biochem. J. 93, 449 (1964).
E. Lederer, in: Impact of Basic Sciences on Medicine (Ed. B. Shapiro and M. Pywes, Academic Press, New York, N.Y., 1966 ), p. 51–69.
G. Halphen, J. Pharm. [6] 6, 390 (1897); J. Chem. Soc. 74, 358 (1898).
See ref. [93], p. 513–514.
G. Dijkstra and H. J. Duin, Nature 176, 71 (1955).
F. D. Gunstone, Chem. Ind. ( London ) 1955, 1476.
J. R. Nunn, J. Chem. Soc. 1952, 313.
H. E. Simmons and R. D. Smith, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 81, 4256 (1959).
N. T. Castellucci and C. E. Griffin, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 82, 4107 (1960).
P. J. Schaible and S. L. Bandemer, Poultry Sci. 25, 451 (1946).
F. W. Lorenz and H. J. Almquist, Ind. Eng. Chem. 26, 1311 (1934).
J. C. Masson, M. G. Vavich, B. W. Heywang and A. R. Kemmerer, Science 126, 751 (1957).
F. S. Shenstone and J. R. Vickery, Nature 177, 94 (1956).
F. S. Shenstone and J. R. Vickery, Poultry Sci. 38, 1055 (1959).
D. L. Schneider, M. G. Vavich, A. A. Kurnick and A. R. Kemmerer, Poultry Sci. 40, 1644 (1961).
D. L. Schneider, A. A. Kurnick, M. G. Vavich and A. R. Kemmerer, J. Nutr. 77, 403 (1962).
R. J. Evans, J. A. Davidson, J. N. La Rue and S. L. Bandemer, Poultry Sci. 62, 875 (1963).
H. W. Kircher, J. Am. Oil. Chemists’ Soc. 41, 4 (1964).
H. Veldstra, Enzymologia 11, 97, 137 (1944).
H. Veldstra and H. L. Booy, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 3, 278 (1949).
H. Veldstra and C. van de Westeringh, Ree. trav. chim. Pays-Bas 70, 1113, 1127 (1951).
H. L. Booy and H. Veldstra, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 3, 260 (1949).
H. Veldstra, Bull. soc. chim. biol. 31, No. 3–4 (1949).
W. A. Gersdorff, J. Econ. Entom. 42, 532 (1949).
L. Crombie, J. Imp. Coll. Chem. Soc. 32, 40 (1953).
K. Yamaguchi, J. Japan. Chem. 4, 583 (1950); 5, 141, 262 (1951).
W. Sobötka, Przemysl Chem. 35, 496 (1956).
M. Schechter, N. Green and F. La Forge, J. Amer. Chem. Soc. 71, 3165 (1949).
H. Jaffe and J. L. Neumeyer, J. Med. Chem. 13, 901 (1970).
M. C. Crew, M. D. Melgar and L. J. Haynes, J. Pharm. Sci. 58, 960 (1969).
L. J. Hekimian, S. Gershon and A. Floyd, Arzneimittel-Forsch. 19, 955 (1969).
J. E. Villarreal and M. H. Seevers, Addendum to the Minutes of the 31st Meeting of the Committee of Problems of Drug Dependence, Natl. Acad. Sci., U.S.A. (1969).
W. F. Michne and N. F. Albertson, J. Med. Chem. 12, 402 (1969).
R. Wiechert, H. Laurent and H. Hofmeister, Rev. Soc.Chim.Mex. XIII, 73 A (1969).
R. Wiechert and F. Neumann, Arzneimittel-Forsch. 15, 244 (1965).
H. Laurent, G. Schulz and R. Wiechert, Chem. Ber. 102, 2570 (1969).
H. Saunders and F. J. Ebling, J. Invest. Dermatol. 52, 163 (1969); F. J. Ebling, Proc. Roy. Soc. Med. 62, 890 (1969).
R. L. Hale, J. Leclercq, B. Tursch, C. Djerassi, R. A. Gross, Jr., A. J. Weinheimer, P. Gupta and P. J. Scheuer, J. Amer. Chem. Soc. 92, 2179 (1970).
F. J. Schmitz and T. Pattabhiraman, quoted in: C. and E. News, 12 October 1970, p. 35.
R. H. Mizzoni, F. Goble, E. Konopka, J. Gelzer, J. Szanto, D. C. Maplesden, J. E. Brown, J. Boxer, G. Zaunius, J. B. Ziegler and G. De Stevens, J. Med. Chem. 13, 870 (1970).
R. H. Mizzoni, R. A. Lucas, R. Smith, J. Boxer, J. E. Brown, F. Goble, E. Konopka, J. Gelzer, J. Szanto, D. C. Maplesden and G. De Stevens, J. Med. Chem. 13, 878 (1970).
E. F. Rogers, Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 98, 412 (1962).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1971 Birkhäuser Verlag Basel
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Burger, A. (1971). Cyclopropane Compounds of Biological Interest. In: Jucker, E. (eds) Progress in Drug Research / Fortschritte der Arzneimittelforschung / Progrès des Recherches Pharmaceutiques. Progress in Drug Research / Fortschritte der Arzneimittelforschung / Progrès des Recherches Pharmaceutiques, vol 15. Birkhäuser Basel. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-7078-8_7
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-7078-8_7
Publisher Name: Birkhäuser Basel
Print ISBN: 978-3-0348-7080-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-0348-7078-8
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive