Abstract
Layers of artificial granite gouge have been deformed on saw-cut granite surfaces inclined 30° to the sample axes. Samples were deformed at a constant confining pressure of 250 MPa and temperatures of 22 to 845 °C. The velocity dependence of the steady-state coefficient of friction (μ ss) was determined by comparing sliding strengths at different sliding rates. The results of these measurements are consistent with those reported by Solberg and Byerlee (1984) at room temperature and Stesky (1975) between 300 and 400 °C. Stesky found that the slip-rate dependence of μ ss increased above 400 °C. In the present study, however, the velocity dependence of μ ss was nearly independent of temperature.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Bowden, F. P. and Tabor, D. (1964), The Friction and Lubrication of Solids, Part II. Oxford University Press, London.
Byerlee, J. D. (1967), Frictional characteristics of granite under high confining pressures. J. Geophys. Res. 72, 3639–3648.
Byerlee, J. D. (1968), Brittle-ductile transition in rocks. J. Geophys. Res. 73, 4741–4750.
Byerlee, J. D. (1978), Friction of rocks. Pure Appl. Geophys. 116, 615–626.
Byerlee, J. D. and Vaughan, P. (1984), Dependence of friction on slip velocity in water saturated granite with added gouge. Trans. Amer. Geophys. Union, EOS 65, 1078.
Dieterich, J. H. (1978), Time-dependent friction and the mechanics of stick-slip. Pure Appl. Geophys. 116, 790–806.
Dieterich, J. H. (1979), Modeling of rock friction: 1. Experimental results and constitutive equations. J. Geophys. Res. 84, 2161–2168.
Dieterich, J. H. (1980), ‘Experimental and model study of fault constitutive properties’, in Solid Earth Geophysics and Geotechnology, 42 (ed. S. Nemet-Nasser), American Society of Mechanical Engineers, New York, pp. 21–29.
Dieterich, J. H. (1981), ‘Constitutive properties of faults with simulated gouge’, in Mechanical Behavior of Crustal Rocks, The Handin Volume (ed. N. L. Carter, M. Friedman, J. M. Logan, and D. W. Sterns), Geophysical Monograph Series, No. 24, AGU, pp. 103–120.
Dieterich, J. H. and Conrad, G. (1984), Effect of humidity of time- and velocity-dependent friction in rocks. J. Geophys. Res. 89, 4196–4202.
Gu, J.-C., Rice, J. R., Ruina, A. L. and Tse, S. T. (1984), Slip motion and stability of a single degree of freedom elastic system with rate and state dependent friction. J. Mech. Phys. Solids 32, 167–196.
Healy, K. A. (1959), The dependence of dilation in sand on rate of shear strain. Ph.D. Thesis, Massachusetts Inst. Technology.
Hungr, O. and Morgenstern, N. R. (1984), High velocity ring shear tests on sand. Geotechnique 34, 415–421.
Lockner, D. A. and Byerlee, J. D. (1985), A case for displacement-dependent instabilities in rock (Abstract). Trans. Amer. Geophys. Union, EOS 66, 1100.
Lockner, D. A. and Byerlee, J. D. (1986), Laboratory measurements of velocity dependent frictional strength. Open File Rept. 86–417, U.S. Geol. Surv., 68p.
Mandl, G., De Jong, L. N. J., and Maltha, A. (1977), Shear zones in granular materials. Rock Mech. 9, 95–144.
Morgenstern, N. R. and Tchalenko, J. S. (1967), Microscopic structures in kaolin subjected to direct shear. Geotech. 17, 309–328.
Morrow, C. and Byerlee, J. D. (1985), A physical explanation for transient stress behavior during shearing of fault gouge at variable strain rates (Abstract). Trans. Amer. Geophys. Union, EOS 66, 1100.
Okubo, P. G. and Dieterich, J. H. (1986), State variable fault constitutive relations for dynamic slip, submitted to 5th Ewing Symposium, Earthquake Source Mechanisms, AGU Monograph.
Rice, J. R. (1983), Constitutive relations for fault slip and earthquake instabilities. Pure Appl. Geophys. 121, 443–475.
Rice, J. R. and Gu, J.-C. (1983), Earthquake aftereffects and triggered seismic phenomena. Pure Appl. Geophys. 121, 187–219.
Rice, J. R. and Ruina, A. L. (1983), Stability of steady frictional slipping. Trans. ASME, J. Appl. Mech. 50, 343–349.
Ruina, A. L. (1980), Friction laws and instabilities: A quasistatic analysis of some dry frictional behavior. Ph.D. Thesis, Brown University.
Ruina, A. L. Slip instability and state variable friction laws. J. Geophys. Res. 88, 10359–10370.
Schneider, H. (1977), The time-dependence of friction of rock joints. Bull. Int. Assoc. Engin. Geol., No. 16, 235–239.
Scholz, C. H. and Engelder, J. T. (1976), The role of asperity indentations and ploughing in rock friction: I. Asperity creep and stick slip. Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. Geomech. Abstr. 13, 149–154.
Shimamoto, T. (1985), Confining pressure reduction experiments: A new method for measuring frictional strength over a wide range of normal stress. Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. Geomech. Abstr. 22, 227–236.
Shimamoto, T. (1986), Transition between frictional slip and ductile flow for halite shear zones at room temperature. Science 231, 711–714.
Shimamoto, T. and Logan, J. M. (1986), Velocity-dependent behaviors of simulated halite shear zones: An analog for silicates, submitted to 5th Maurice Ewing Symposium, Earthquake Source Mechanics, AGU Monograph.
Skempton, A. W. (1985), Residual strength of clays in landslides, folded strata and the laboratory. Geotechnique 35, 3–18.
Solberg, P. and Byerlee, J. D. (1984), A note on the rate sensitivity of frictional sliding of Westerly granite. J. Geophys. Res. 89, 4203–4205.
Stesky, R. M. (1975), The mechanical behavior of faulted rock at high temperature and pressure. Ph.D. Thesis, Massachusetts Inst. Technology.
Stesky, R. M. (1978), Mechanisms of high-temperature frictional sliding in Westerly granite. Can. J. Earth Sci. 15, 361–375.
Summers, R., Lockner, D. A. and Byerlee, J. D. (1985), Temperature and velocity dependence of friction in granite (Abstract), Trans Amer. Geophys. Union, E05 66, 1100.
Tchalenko, J. S. (1970), Similarities between shear zones of different magnitudes. Geol. Soc. Amer. Bull. 81, 1625–1640.
Teufel, L. W. (1981), Frictional properties of jointed welded tuff. Sandia National Laboratories, SAND 81–0212.
Teufel, L. W. and Logan, J. M. (1978), Effect of displacement rate on the area of contact and temperatures generated during frictional sliding of Tennessee sandstone. Pure Appl. Geophys. 116, 840–865.
Tse, S. T. and Rice, J. R. (1986), Crystal earthquake instability in relation to the depth variation of frictional slip properties. J. Geophys. Res. 91, 9452–9472.
Tullis, T. E. and Weeks, J. D. (1986), Constitutive behavior and stability of frictional sliding of granite. Pure Appl. Geophys. 124 No. 3, 383.
Weeks, J. and Tullis, T. (1984), Frictional behavior of dolomite. Trans. Amer. Geophys. Union, EOS 65, 1077.
Weeks, J. and Tullis, T. (1985), Frictional behavior of dolomite: A variation in constitutive behavior. J. Geophys. Res. 90, 7821–7826.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1986 Springer Basel AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Lockner, D.A., Summers, R., Byerlee, J.D. (1986). Effects of Temperature and Sliding Rate on Frictional Strength of Granite. In: Tullis, T.E. (eds) Friction and Faulting. Birkhäuser, Basel. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-6601-9_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-6601-9_4
Publisher Name: Birkhäuser, Basel
Print ISBN: 978-3-7643-1862-8
Online ISBN: 978-3-0348-6601-9
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive