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Simple Ethological Models of Depression: Social-Isolation Induced “Despair” in Chicks and Mice

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Animal Models in Psychopharmacology

Part of the book series: APS: Advances in Pharmacological Sciences ((APS))

Summary

Social isolation is widely considered to be one of the major vectors which contributes to the onset of depression. Although an isolation-induced “despair” model of depression is available for primates, neuroscience work would be facilitated by a simplified model that could be used routinely. In the following work we analyzed the ability of social isolation to facilitate immobility in the mouse forced swimming test and to decrease separation induced distress vocalizations (DVs) in young chicks. Isolation increased immobility only in very young mice (17–21 days of age) but not in older juveniles or adults. Chronic isolation reduced DVs in chicks and made them more susceptible to the DV reducing effects of reserpine. The chronically isolated young chick appears to be an excellent and inexpensive model for the analysis of despair/depression processes in brain.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychology, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OHIO, 43403, US

    Jaak Panksepp, Gordon Yates, Satoshi Ikemoto & Eric Nelson

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  1. Jaak Panksepp
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  1. CNS-Pharmacology, Duphar B.V., P.O. Box 900, 1380 DA, Weesp, The Netherlands

    B. Olivier  & J. Mos  & 

  2. Department of Psychopharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Utrecht, Sorbonnelaan 16, 3584 CA, Utrecht, The Netherlands

    J. L. Slangen

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Panksepp, J., Yates, G., Ikemoto, S., Nelson, E. (1991). Simple Ethological Models of Depression: Social-Isolation Induced “Despair” in Chicks and Mice. In: Olivier, B., Mos, J., Slangen, J.L. (eds) Animal Models in Psychopharmacology. APS: Advances in Pharmacological Sciences. Birkhäuser, Basel. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-6419-0_15

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-6419-0_15

  • Publisher Name: Birkhäuser, Basel

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