Abstract
The conversion of normal cells to tumor cells is a highly complex process since it involves multiple steps, multiple factors (both exogenous and endogenous) and multiple genes. In the field of chemical carcinogenesis this process can often be divided into three major stages: initiation, which is generally triggered by DNA damage; promotion, which is induced by agents that do not directly damage DNA but enhance cell growth and alter gene expression; and progression, the conversion of benign tumors to malignant lesions. The latter stage is also enhanced by genotoxic agents and involves multiple genetic changes (Weinstein, 1988; Weinstein et al, 1991; Weinstein, 1991).
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Borner C. Filipuzzi, Weinstein IB, Imber R. Nature 1991; 353:78–80.
Borner C, Guadagno SN, Fabbro D, Weinstein IB. J Biol Chem 1992; 267:12892–12899.
Borner C, Guadagno SN, Hsiao WL, Fabbro D, Barr M, Weinstein IB. J. Biol Chem 1992; 267:12900–12910.
Castagna M, Takai Y, Kaibuchi K, Sano K, Kikkawa U, Nishizuka Y. J Biol Chem 1982; 257:7847–7851.
Diamond L. In: Grunberger D, Goff S, eds. Mechanisms of Cellular Transformation by Carcinogenic Agents. New York: Pergamon Press 1987; 731–734.
Dlucosz A A, Mischak H, Mushinski JF, Yuspa SH, Molecular Carcinogenesis 1992; 5:286–292
Guillem JG, O’Brian CA, Fitzer CJ, Johnson MD, Forde KA, LoGerfo P, Weinstein IB. Arch. Surg. 1987; 122:1475–1478.
Hashimoto K, Kishimoto A, Aihara H, Yasuda I, Mikawa K, Nishizuka Y, FEBS Lett 1990; 263:31–34.
Hoshina S, Ueffing M, Weinstein IB. J Cell Phys 1990; 145:262–267.
Housey GM, Johnson MD, Hsiao WL, O’Brien CA, Murphy JP, Kirschmeier PT, Weinstein IB. Cell 1988; 52:343–354.
Makowske M, Ballester R, Cayre Y, Rosen OM. J Biol Chem 1988; 263:3402–3410.
Melloni E, Pontremoli S, Sparaatore R, Petrone M, Grossi P, Marks PA, Rifkind RA. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1990; 87:4417–4420.
Nishizuka Y. Science 1992; 258:607–614.
Pai J K, Pachter JA, Weinstein IB, Bishop WR. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1990; 88:598–602.
Powell CT, Leng L, Dong L, Kiyokawa H, Busquets K, O’Driscoll K, Marks PA, Rifkind RA. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1992; 89:147–151.
Rotenberg SA, Weinstein IB. In: Pretlow TG, Pretlow TP, eds. Biochemical and Molecular Aspects of Selected Tumors. New York: Academic Press, 1990; 25–73.
Solomon DH, O’Driscoll KR, Sosne G, Weinstein IB, Cayre YE. Cell Growth and Differentiation 1991; 2:187–194.
Tonetti DA, Horio M, Collart FR, Huberman E. Cell Growth and Differentation 1992; 3:739–745.
Weinstein IB, Borner CM, Krauss RS, O’Driscoll K, et al. In: Brugge D et al eds. Origins of Human Cancer: A Comprehensive Review. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press 1991; 113–114.
Weinstein IB. Cancer Res. 1988; 48:4135–4143.
Weinstein IB. Cancer Res. 1991; 51:5080S–5085S.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1993 Springer Basel AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Weinstein, I.B., Guadagno, S.N., Borner, C., Cacace, A., Kahn, S., O’Driscoll, K. (1993). The Roles of Specific Isoforms of Protein Kinase C (PKC) in Signal Transduction, Growth Control and Diacylglycerol Metabolism. In: Cittadini, A., Baserga, R., Pinedo, H.M., Galeotti, T., Corda, D. (eds) Molecular Oncology and Clinical Applications. MCBU Molecular and Cell Biology Updates. Birkhäuser, Basel. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-5663-8_13
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-5663-8_13
Publisher Name: Birkhäuser, Basel
Print ISBN: 978-3-0348-5665-2
Online ISBN: 978-3-0348-5663-8
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive