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Inflammasome Activation in Response to Eukaryotic Pathogens

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The Inflammasomes

Part of the book series: Progress in Inflammation Research ((PIR))

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Abstract

Inflammasomes are multi-protein complexes that serve as platforms for caspase-1 activation and subsequent proteolytic maturation of interleukin 1β (IL-1β) within innate immune cells. The Nlrp3 inflammasome is the most fully characterised. It is activated by various endogenous and exogenous danger signals such as environmental irritants, signals of tissue damage and pathogens. The broad spectrum of activators is reflected at the physiological level in its implication in normal and dysregulated immune responses, including various autoinflammatory diseases and the defence against numerous pathogens. Here, we summarise the present data on the activation of the Nlrp3 inflammasome by eukaryotic pathogens. Recent genetic studies using mice deficient in inflammasome components demonstrate the involvement of the inflammasome in the outcome of infection with the fungus Candida albicans, the helminth Schistosoma mansoni, as well as the malarial parasite Plasmodium berghei. Altered immune responses were respectively linked to the ability of live fungi, schistosomal egg antigen (SEA) or malarial hemozoin to activate the inflammasome and induce secretion of mature IL-1β. These initial findings suggest that inflammasome activation may serve as a common and potentially druggable pathway in the defence against eukaryotic pathogens.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Maximilian Kordes, Kai Matuschewski and Clarissa Prazeres da Costa for critical discussions and review of the manuscript. OGs work is funded by a Marie-Curie RTN Apoptrain fellowship and an EMBO long-term fellowship, CJvNTs by an NSERC postgraduate scholarship, and LELs by the DFG and SFB Tr22.

The authors declare no competing financial interests.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Département de Biochimie, Université de Lausanne, Chemin des Boveresses 155, 1066, Epalinges, Switzerland

    Olaf Gross & Christina J. Thomas

  2. Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie und Hygiene, Technische Universität München, 81675, Munich, Germany

    Laura E. Layland

  3. Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie und Parasitologie, Universität Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany

    Laura E. Layland

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  1. Olaf Gross
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Correspondence to Olaf Gross .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Institut de Transgénose, Labo. d'Immunologie et, CNRS, rue de la Férollerie 3B, Orléans CX 2, 45071, France

    Isabelle Couillin

  2. CNRS UMR 5201, Labo. Génétique et Cancer, Université de Lyon I, rue Laënnec 28, Lyon, 69008, France

    Virginie Pétrilli

  3. Dept. Immunology & Infectious, Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Huntington Ave. 651, Boston, 02115-6017, Massachusetts, USA

    Fabio Martinon

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Gross, O., Thomas, C.J., Layland, L.E. (2011). Inflammasome Activation in Response to Eukaryotic Pathogens. In: Couillin, I., Pétrilli, V., Martinon, F. (eds) The Inflammasomes. Progress in Inflammation Research. Springer, Basel. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-0148-5_5

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