Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Applications and Systems Integration

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Internet Computing

  • 288 Accesses

Abstract

In the context of IT applications and systems, the integration of information systems into new IT environments poses many challenges. One of the biggest issues in this regard is dealing with systems heterogeneity in terms of used programming languages, operating systems, and data formats. In order to ensure communication between different applications and information systems, developers must establish common interfaces. This chapter introduces middleware and Web services to facilitate applications and systems integration. Besides a brief definition and overview of middleware, the author describes several of its characteristics. Furthermore, the differences between the three middleware categories (message-oriented, transaction-oriented, and object-oriented middleware) are defined. Web services are a very popular approach for facilitating automated intra-organizational and inter-organizational communication. This chapter provides a thorough introduction to the Web service concept and the different associated standards and technologies, such as Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP), RESTful interfaces, and GraphQL.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 64.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • ACM (2017) Acm Software System Award. https://awards.acm.org/software-system/award-winners. Accessed 7 July 2023

  • Aiken B, Strassner J, Carpenter BE, Foster I, Lynch C, Mambretti J, Moore R, Teitelbaum B (2000) Rfc 2768 - network policy and services: a report of a workshop on middleware. Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2768. Accessed 7 July 2023

  • Alonso G (2018) Transactional middleware. In: Liu L, Özsu MT (eds) Encyclopedia of database systems. Springer, New York, NY, pp 4201–4204

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Alonso G, Casati F, Kuno H, Machiraju V (2004) Web services. Data-centric systems and applications. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

    Google Scholar 

  • Amazon Web Services I (2023) What is Aws marketplace? https://docs.aws.amazon.com/marketplace/latest/userguide/what-is-marketplace.html. Accessed 6 April 2023

  • Balasubramanian J, Schmidt DC, Dowdy L, Othman O (2004) Evaluating the performance of middleware load balancing strategies. Paper presented at the 8th IEEE international enterprise distributed object computing conference, Monterey, CA, 24 September 2004

    Google Scholar 

  • Bernstein PA (1996) Middleware: a model for distributed system services. Commun ACM 39(2):86–98

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bernstein PA, Newcomer E (2009) Principles of transaction processing, 2nd edn. Morgan Kaufmann, San Francisco, CA

    Google Scholar 

  • Bernstein PA, Goodman N, Hadzilacos V (1995) Concurrency control and recovery in database systems. Addison-Wesley, Boston, MA

    Google Scholar 

  • Birrell AD, Nelson BJ (1984) Implementing remote procedure calls. ACM Trans Comput Syst 2(1):39–59

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bouchenak S, de Palma N (2009) Message queuing systems. In: Liu L, ÖZsu MT (eds) Encyclopedia of database systems. Springer, Boston, MA, pp 1716–1717

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Bray T (2017) The JavaScript Object Notation (Json) Data interchange format. https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc8259. Accessed 7 July 2023

  • Brito G, Valente MT (2020) Rest vs GraphQL: a controlled experiment. In: Proceedings of the 2020 IEEE international conference on software architecture (ICSA), Salvador, 16–20 March 2020, pp 81–91

    Google Scholar 

  • Capra L, Emmerich W, Mascolo C (2001) Middleware for mobile computing: awareness vs. transparency. Paper presented at the 8th workshop on hot topics in operating systems, Elmau, 20-22 May 2001

    Google Scholar 

  • Cattell R (2011) Scalable SQL and NoSQL data stores. SIGMOD Rec 39(4):12–27

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Curry E (2005) Message-oriented middleware. In: Mahmoud Q (ed) Middleware for communications. Wiley, Chichester, West Sussex, pp 1–29

    Google Scholar 

  • Czaja L (2018) Remote procedure call. In: Czaja L (ed) Introduction to distributed computer systems: principles and features. Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems. Springer, Cham, pp 141–155

    Google Scholar 

  • Emerald P, Yennun C, Yajnik S, Liang D, Shih JC, Wang C-Y, Wang Y-M (1998) DCOM and CORBA side by side, step by step, and layer by layer.. http://course.ece.cmu.edu/~ece749/docs/DCOMvsCORBA.pdf. Accessed 7 July 2023

  • Fielding RT (2000) Architectural styles and the design of network-based software architectures. Dissertation, University of California, Irvine, CA

    Google Scholar 

  • Fielding RT, Reschke J (2014) Hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP/1.1): message syntax and routing. https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7230. Accessed 11 June 20204

  • Georgakopoulos D, Papazoglou MP (2009) Overview of service-oriented computing. In: Georgakopoulos D, Papazoglou MP (eds) Service-oriented computing. The MIT Press, London, pp 1–29

    Google Scholar 

  • Gokhale A (2009) Request broker. In: Liu L, ÖZsu MT (eds) Encyclopedia of database systems. Springer, Boston, MA, pp 2415–2418

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Gray J (1981) The transaction concept: virtues and limitations. In: Gray J (ed) Readings in database systems. Morgan Kaufmann, San Francisco, CA, pp 140–150

    Google Scholar 

  • Gudgin M, Hadley M, Mendelsohn N, Moreau J-J, Frystyk Nielsen H, Karmarkar A, Lafon Y (2007) Soap version 1.2 part 1: messaging framework (2nd edn).. https://www.w3.org/TR/soap12-part1. Accessed 7 July 2023

  • Haerder T, Reuter A (1983) Principles of transaction-oriented database recovery. ACM Comput Surv 15(4):287–317

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Hapner M (2002) Jsr-000914 java message service Api. Oracle Corporation.. https://jcp.org/aboutJava/communityprocess/final/jsr914/index.html. Accessed 7 July 2023

  • Huang AS, Olson E, Moore DC (2010) Lcm: lightweight communications and marshalling. Paper presented at the IEEE/RSJ international conference on intelligent robots and systems, Taipei, 18–22 October 2010

    Google Scholar 

  • Huhns MN, Singh MP (2005) Service-oriented computing: key concepts and principles. IEEE Internet Comput 9(1):75–81

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lawi A, Panggabean BLE, Yoshida T (2021) Evaluating GraphQL and rest Api services performance in a massive and intensive accessible information system. Computers 10(11):138

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lins S, Schneider S, Sunyaev A (2018) Trust is good, control is better: creating secure clouds by continuous auditing. IEEE Trans Cloud Comput 6(3):890–903

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mahmoud Q (2005) Middleware for communications. Wiley, Chichester, West Sussex

    Google Scholar 

  • Mateusz M, Mariusz D (2020) Comparison of rest and GraphQL web technology performance. J Comput Sci Inst 16(1):309–316

    Google Scholar 

  • Mohamed K, Wijesekera D (2012) Performance analysis of web services on mobile devices. Proc Comput Sci 10:744–751

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Naur P, Randell B (1986) Report on NATO software engineering conference. NATO Science Committee, Brussels

    Google Scholar 

  • Nelson BJ (1981) Remote procedure call CMU report CS-81-119. XEROX Palo Alto Research Center, Palo Alto, CA

    Google Scholar 

  • Netflix Inc. (2023) Zuul. https://github.com/Netflix/zuul. Accessed 6 April 2023

  • NIST (2013) Security and privacy controls for federal information systems and organizations. https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-53r4.pdf. Accessed 8 July 2023

  • OASIS (2019) Advanced message queuing protocol. https://www.amqp.org/about/what. Accessed 7 July 2023

  • Object Management Group Inc. (2019) DDS standard for the IoT. https://www.omgwiki.org/dds/. Accessed 7 July 2023

  • Pang C-L, Lam K-Y On using similarity for resolving conflicts at commit in mixed distributed real-time databases. In: Proceedings of the international conference on real-time computing systems and applications, Hiroshima, October 27–29 1998. IEEE, pp 277–285

    Google Scholar 

  • Papazoglou MP (2012) Web services and SOA: principles and technology, 2nd edn. Pearson, Harlow

    Google Scholar 

  • Poduval A, Todd D (2011) Do more with SOA integration: best of Packt. Packt Publishing, Birmingham

    Google Scholar 

  • Ragab K, Helmy T, Hassanien AE (2010) Developing advanced web services through P2p computing and autonomous agents: trends and innovations. Information Science Reference, Hershey, PA

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Richter F (2021) Netflix passes 200 million milestone. Statista. https://www.statista.com/chart/3153/netflix-subscribers/. Accessed 6 April 2023

  • Ruh WA, Maginnis FX, Brown WJ (2002) Enterprise application integration: a Wiley tech brief. Wiley, New York, NY

    Google Scholar 

  • Siegel J (2000) CORBA 3: fundamentals and programming, 2nd edn. Wiley, New York, NY

    Google Scholar 

  • Sturm B, Sunyaev A (2019) Design principles for systematic search systems: a holistic synthesis of a rigorous multi-cycle design science research journey. Bus Inf Syst Eng 61(1):91–111

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • The GraphQL Foundation (2021) GraphQL specification. https://spec.graphql.org/October2021. Accessed 6 April 2023

  • The GraphQL Foundation (2023) Introduction to GraphQL: caching. https://graphql.org/learn/caching/. Accessed 6 April 2023

  • The Open Group (2009) Soa source book. Van Haren Publishing, Zaltbommel

    Google Scholar 

  • Vadlamani SL, Emdon B, Arts J, Baysal O (2021) Can GraphQL replace rest? A study of their efficiency and viability. In: International workshop on software engineering research and industrial practice (SER&IP), virtual, 4 June 2021, pp 10-17

    Google Scholar 

  • W3C (2004) Web service architecture. https://www.w3.org/TR/ws-arch/. Accessed 7 July 2023

  • W3C (2007) Web services description language (WSDL) Version 2.0 part 1: core language. https://www.w3.org/TR/wsdl20/. Accessed 7 July 2023

  • W3C (2008) extensible Markup Language (Xml) 1.0 (5th edn). https://www.w3.org/TR/xml/. Accessed 7 July 2023

  • Waldo J, Wyant G, Wollrath A, Kendall S (1994) A note on distributed computing. Sun Microsystems Laboratories, Inc. https://web.cs.wpi.edu/~cs3013/a11/Papers/Waldo_NoteOnDistributedComputing.pdf. Accessed 7 July 2023

    Google Scholar 

  • Wang Q, Yuan Y, Zhou J, Zhou A (2003) Peer-Serv: a framework of web services in Peer-to-Peer environment. Paper presented at the advances in web-age information management, Chengdu, 17–19 August 2003

    Google Scholar 

  • White JE (1976) Rfc 707 - a high-level framework for network-based resource sharing. Stanford Research Institute, Menlo Park, CA

    Google Scholar 

  • Wirsing M, Nivat M (1996) Algebraic methodology and software technology: 5th international conference, AMAST ’96 Munich, July 1–5, 1996 proceedings. Lecture notes in computer science. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

    Google Scholar 

  • Wittern E, Cha A, Davis JC, Baudart G, Mandel L (2019) An empirical study of GraphQL schemas. In: International conference on service-oriented computing (ICSOC) Toulouse, October 28–31, 2019. Springer, pp 3–19

    Google Scholar 

Further Reading

  • Alonso G, Casati F, Kuno H, Machiraju V (2004) Web services. Data-centric systems and applications. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

    Google Scholar 

  • Bernstein PA (1996) Middleware: a model for distributed system services. Commun ACM 39(2):86–98

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Papazoglou MP (2012) Web services & SOA: principles and technology. Pearson, Harlow

    Google Scholar 

  • Pautasso C, Wilde E, Alarcon R (2014) REST: advanced research topics and practical applications. Springer, New York City, NY

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • The GraphQL Foundation (2021) “GraphQL Specification”. Retrieved Apr 6, 2023. https://spec.graphql.org/October2021

  • Umar A (2004) Third generation distributed computing environments. NGE Solutions, Incorporated, Fort Lauderdale, FL

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Applied Informatics and Formal Description Methods, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany

    Ali Sunyaev

Authors
  1. Ali Sunyaev
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2024 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Sunyaev, A. (2024). Applications and Systems Integration. In: Internet Computing. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-61014-1_5

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-61014-1_5

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-031-61013-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-031-61014-1

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation