Abstract
Consumption of safe water and adequate sanitation are the most basic needs for human survival. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2022, unsafe water leads to 1.7 million mortalities and 4 billion cases of waterborne diseases globally. The scarcity of safe water due to acceleration in urbanization with increasing populations, industrialization, untreated sewage disposal, and industrial toxic runoffs leads to several deadly diseases. Monitoring potable water quality is a difficult task owing to the limited and diminishing water resources and the adverse impact of pollutants. Manual quality monitoring approaches often exacerbate the quality of potable water vividly. The integration of cutting-edge technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), sensing probes, and communication systems has the ability to transform the water quality monitoring (WQM) system. It enables efficient water resource management, prediction, and proactive responses to ecological challenges. The key objective of this work is to develop an IoT-based water quality observing system to measure physiochemical parameters for a rural drinking water distribution system (hereafter called AquaNet). The key hardware part of AquaNet comprises standard sensors (i.e., probes), a powerful controller, a seamless communication network, a fixed sink node (an access point or base station), and a personalized anchored float (buoyage). It measures critical quality parameters of drinking water including temperature, conductivity, turbidity, and pH in a predetermined time interval. Besides, it provides cloud storage for collected data and engenders an alarm to the registered clients through smartphones when quality measures are abnormal. The proposed AquaNet is implemented in the water tanks of TWAD (Tamilnadu Water Supply and Drainage Board) in Nagapattinam district. The accuracy of the sensors were assessed by comparing its measured data values to that of a commercial multi-parameter water checker, the Horiba® probe. The higher performance of the sensors, the data transmission system, and visualization tools demonstrate that the AquaNet can be used for monitoring the quality of drinking water to help users or concerned authorities make better decisions by delivering accurate and instantaneous information.
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Nagalakshmi, K., Raju, K., Lavanya, R., Sharmila, V., Sathiya, V., Gomathi, N. (2024). AquaNet: A Quality Monitoring System for Rural Potable Water Distribution Scheme Using Smart Things. In: Agarwal, A., Yadav, B., Nema, M., Sharma, M., Kumar, A. (eds) Towards Water Circular Economy. RWC 2024. Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-60436-2_7
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