Abstract
Arabic Handwriting Recognition (AHR) is a research area of great importance, given the intricacies of Arabic script. The recognition of Isolated Handwritten Arabic Characters (IHAC) is a crucial phase in AHR, and significant progress has been made in recent years, primarily due to the adoption of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN). CNN has emerged as a powerful learning technique, dominating various computer vision-related research domains. Notably, CNNs have been extensively utilized for IHAC recognition since 2017. This paper presents an analysis of CNN-based methods employed in IHAC recognition. We delve into the advancements made in network architectures, training strategies, datasets, and results. The findings from this review emphasize the immense potential of CNN-based methods in IHAC recognition and shed light on future research directions to tackle the challenges associated with this field. Overall, CNN-based methods hold promising prospects for improving the accuracy and efficiency of IHAC recognition, which can have far-reaching applications in document analysis, text recognition, and language processing.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Albahli, S., Nawaz, M., Javed, A., Irtaza, A.: An improved faster-RCNN model for handwritten character recognition. Arab. J. Sci. Eng. 46, 8509–8523 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13369-021-05471-4
Bai, J., Chen, Z., Feng, B., Xu, B.: Image character recognition using deep convolutional neural network learned from different languages. In: 2014 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP), pp. 2560–2564 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIP.2014.7025518
Shin, H., et al.: Deep convolutional neural networks for computer-aided detection: CNN architectures, dataset characteristics and transfer learning. IEEE Trans. Med. Imaging 35, 1285–1298 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1109/TMI.2016.2528162
Chen, J.: Information preserving processing of noisy handwritten document images (2015)
Elsawy, A., Loey, M., El-Bakry, H.: Arabic handwritten characters recognition using convolutional neural network. WSEAS Trans. Comput. Res. 5, 11–19 (2017)
Guo, Y., Liu, Y., Oerlemans, A., Lao, S., Wu, S., Lew, M.S.: Deep learning for visual understanding: a review. Neurocomputing 187, 27–48 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neucom.2015.09.116
Najadat, H.M., Alshboul, A.A., Alabed, A.F.: Arabic handwritten characters recognition using convolutional neural network. In: 2019 10th International Conference on Information and Communication Systems (ICICS), Irbid, Jordan, pp. 147–151. IEEE (2019). https://doi.org/10.1109/IACS.2019.8809122
Younis, K.S.: Arabic hand-written character recognition based on deep convolutional neural networks. JJCIT 3, 186 (2017). https://doi.org/10.5455/jjcit.71-1498142206
Altwaijry, N., Al-Turaiki, I.: Arabic handwriting recognition system using convolutional neural network. Neural Comput. Appl. 33, 2249–2261 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00521-020-05070-8
Alrehali, B., Alsaedi, N., Alahmadi, H., Abid, N.: Historical arabic manuscripts text recognition using convolutional neural network. In: 2020 6th Conference on Data Science and Machine Learning Applications (CDMA), pp. 37–42 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1109/CDMA47397.2020.00012
AlJarrah, M.N., Zyout, M.M., Duwairi, R.: Arabic handwritten characters recognition using convolutional neural network. In: 2021 12th International Conference on Information and Communication Systems (ICICS), pp. 182–188 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1109/ICICS52457.2021.9464596
Husnain, M., et al.: Recognition of urdu handwritten characters using convolutional neural network. Appl. Sci. 9, 2758 (2019). https://doi.org/10.3390/app9132758
Mudhsh, M., Almodfer, R.: Arabic handwritten alphanumeric character recognition using very deep neural network. Information 8, 105 (2017). https://doi.org/10.3390/info8030105
Alyahya, H., Ismail, M.M.B., Al-Salman, AbdulMalik: Deep ensemble neural networks for recognizing isolated Arabic handwritten characters. ACCENTS Trans. Image Process. Comput. Vis. 6(21), 68–79 (2020). https://doi.org/10.19101/TIPCV.2020.618051
Taani, A., Ahmad, S.: Recognition of Arabic handwritten characters using residual neural networks. Jordanian J. Comput. Inf. Technol. 7, 192–205 (2021)
Wagaa, N., Kallel, H., Mellouli, N.: Improved arabic alphabet characters classification using convolutional neural networks (CNN). Comput. Intell. Neurosci. 2022, e9965426 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/9965426
Almansari, O.A., Hashim, N.N.W.N.: Recognition of isolated handwritten Arabic characters. In: 2019 7th International Conference on Mechatronics Engineering (ICOM), pp. 1–5 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1109/ICOM47790.2019.8952035
Boufenar, C., Batouche, M.: Investigation on deep learning for off-line handwritten Arabic character recognition using Theano research platform. In: 2017 Intelligent Systems and Computer Vision (ISCV), pp. 1–6 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1109/ISACV.2017.8054902
Elleuch, M., Maalej, R., Kherallah, M.: A new design based-SVM of the CNN classifier architecture with dropout for offline Arabic handwritten recognition. Procedia Comput. Sci. 80, 1712–1723 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2016.05.512
Ali, A.A.A., Mallaiah, S.: Intelligent handwritten recognition using hybrid CNN architectures based-SVM classifier with dropout. J. King Saud Univ. Comput. Inf. Sci. 34, 3294–3300 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jksuci.2021.01.012
Alrobah, N., Albahli, S.: A hybrid deep model for recognizing Arabic handwritten characters. IEEE Access 9, 87058–87069 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3087647
Shams, M., Elsonbaty, A.A., ElSawy, W.Z.: Arabic Handwritten Character Recognition based on Convolution Neural Networks and Support Vector Machine. International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications (IJACSA). 11, (2020). https://doi.org/10.14569/IJACSA.2020.0110819
Elkhayati, M., Elkettani, Y.: Towards directing convolutional neural networks using computational geometry algorithms: application to handwritten Arabic character recognition. Adv. Sci. Technol. Eng. Syst. J. 5, 137–147 (2020). https://doi.org/10.25046/aj050519
Naz, S., et al.: Urdu Nastaliq recognition using convolutional–recursive deep learning. Neurocomputing 243, 80–87 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neucom.2017.02.081
Boufenar, C., Kerboua, A., Batouche, M.: Investigation on deep learning for off-line handwritten Arabic character recognition. Cogn. Syst. Res. 50, 180–195 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogsys.2017.11.002
Balaha, H.M., Ali, H.A., Saraya, M., Badawy, M.: A new Arabic handwritten character recognition deep learning system (AHCR-DLS). Neural Comput. Appl. 33, 6325–6367 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00521-020-05397-2
K.o, M.A., Poruran, S.: OCR-Nets: variants of pre-trained CNN for Urdu handwritten character recognition via transfer learning. Procedia Comput. Sci. 171, 2294–2301 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2020.04.248
Bouchriha, L., Zrigui, A., Mansouri, S., Berchech, S., Omrani, S.: Arabic handwritten character recognition based on convolution neural networks. In: Bădică, C., Treur, J., Benslimane, D., Hnatkowska, B., Krótkiewicz, M. (eds.) Advances in Computational Collective Intelligence, pp. 286–293. Springer, Cham (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-16210-7_23
Palatnik de Sousa, I.: Convolutional ensembles for Arabic handwritten character and digit recognition. PeerJ Comput. Sci. 4, e167 (2018). https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.167
Balaha, H.M., et al.: Recognizing Arabic handwritten characters using deep learning and genetic algorithms. Multimed Tools Appl. 80, 32473–32509 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-021-11185-4
Ali, A.A.A., Suresha, M.: Arabic handwritten character recognition using machine learning approaches. In: 2019 Fifth International Conference on Image Information Processing (ICIIP), pp. 187–192 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIIP47207.2019.8985839
Elkhayati, M., Elkettani, Y.: UnCNN: a new directed CNN model for isolated arabic handwritten characters recognition. Arabian J. Sci. Eng. (2022).https://doi.org/10.1007/s13369-022-06652-5
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2024 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
El Khayati, M., Kich, I., Elkettani, Y. (2024). Isolated Handwritten Arabic Character Recognition Using Convolutional Neural Networks: An Overview. In: Ben Ahmed, M., Boudhir, A.A., El Meouche, R., KaraÈ™, Ä°.R. (eds) Innovations in Smart Cities Applications Volume 7. SCA 2023. Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, vol 938. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-54376-0_12
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-54376-0_12
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-031-54375-3
Online ISBN: 978-3-031-54376-0
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)