Abstract
While majoritarian groups were comfortable with vaccination in Canada, a stable minority protested these directives to protect their right to choose the medical treatments they receive under the Charter of Rights and Freedoms. Notwithstanding the perceived misguided arguments put forward by these groups, Singh suggests a closer examination of their socio-historical reasons for distrusting state directives reveals several valid grounds to resist vaccination in certain circumstances. Considering the conflicting duties of the Canadian state, in terms of safeguarding public safety and respecting the Charter rights of minorities, this chapter seeks to investigate the structures and reasoning that are involved in Canada’s COVID-19 response, particularly how socio-historical considerations are being erased as part of the state’s process of eliminating COVID-19.
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Notes
- 1.
Constitution Act, 1867, RSC 1985, App II, No 5, ss 91, 92A, 93 [Constitution Act, 1867].
- 2.
R v Crown Zellerbach Canada Ltd, [1988] 1 SCR 401 at paras 23–36, 49 DLR (4th) 161.
- 3.
Quarantine Act, SC 2005, c 20, s 26; Constitution Act, 1867, supra note 1, s 91(11); Emergencies Act, RSC 1985, c 22 (4th Supp.), ss 3, 5;
- 4.
Carter v Canada (AG), 2015 SCC 5 at para 53.
- 5.
Food and Drug Regulations, Can Reg 870, Pt C, Div 1, C 01.001, C 01.014.21; Div 1A C.01A.005, C.01A.006; C.01A.008; Div 2 C02.019; Div 8 C.08.009.01, C.08.009.01.1, C.08.009.02, C.08.009.03, C.08.009.04, C.08.009.04.1, C.08.009.05.
- 6.
Constitution Act, 1982, RSC 1985, App II, No 44, Sched B, Pt I, ss 1, 2(a), 2(b), 2(c), 7, 15 [Charter].
- 7.
Gateway Bible Baptist Church et al. v Manitoba et al., 2021 MBQB 219 at paras 6–7 [Gateway].
- 8.
Charter, supra note 6, ss 1, 2(a), 2(b), 2(c), 7, 15.
- 9.
Manitoba (Director of Child & Family Services) v C(A), 2009 SCC 30 at paras 100–104; Blencoe v. British Columbia (Human Rights Commission), 2000 SCC 44 at para 49, [2000] 2 SCR 307; Godbout c Longueuil (Ville), [1997] 3 SCR 844 at para 66; R v Malmo-Levine, 2003 SCC 74 at paras 135–140, 159–162, 179–183.
- 10.
The Child and Family Services Act, SM 1985–86, c. 8, ss 1, 2, 17, 25.
- 11.
R v Big M Drug Mart Ltd, [1985] 1 SCR 295 at paras 95–96, 18 DLR (4th) 321.
- 12.
Gateway, supra note 7 at paras 6–7.
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Singh, S. (2024). Shortfalls of the Bioethical Approach to COVID-19: Vaccine Hesitancy, the Right to Choose and Public Health Management in Canada. In: Gacek, J., Jochelson, R. (eds) Justice in the Age of Agnosis. Palgrave Socio-Legal Studies. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-54354-8_11
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