Abstract
In the context of the artificial intelligence (AI) technologies boom, when Turing’s test has already been passed, adherence to Asimov’s Three Laws of Robotics becomes increasingly difficult. The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of the issue of societal limitation on AI technologies, as well as a scenario for AI entities. To this end, the PRISMA methodology was applied to the Scopus and Web of Science (WoS) databases, and a single scientific paper highlighting the societal limitation on the incorporation of ethical issues into AI algorithms was identified. The originality of the paper lies in its clarification of this limitation and creation of the altug scenario for AI entity actions.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Lungarella, M., Iida, F., Bongard, J.C., Pfeifer, R.: AI in the 21st century – with historical reflections. In: Lungarella, M., Iida, F., Bongard, J., Pfeifer, R. (eds.) 50 Years of Artificial Intelligence. LNCS, vol. 4850, pp. 1–8. Springer, Heidelberg (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-77296-5_1
Tugui, A., Danciulescu, D., Subtirelu, M.: The biological as a double limit for artificial intelligence: review and futuristic debate. Int. J. Comput. Commun. Control 14(2), 253–271 (2019). https://doi.org/10.15837/ijccc.2019.2.3536
McCarthy, J.: http://jmc.stanford.edu/index.html. Accessed 20 July 2023
McCarthy, J.: What is artificial intelligence? Stanford University. http://www-formal.stanford.edu/jmc/. Accessed 20 July 2023
Kurzweil, R.: The Age of Spiritual Machines. Penguin, New York (1999). Kurzweil, R.: The Age of Spiritual Machines: When Computers Exceed Human Intelligence. Viking Press, London (1999). ISBN 0-670-88217-8
Vinge, V.: The coming technological singularity: how to survive in the post-human era. In: Vision 21: Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in the Era of Cyberspace, pp. 11–22. NASA, Lewis Research Center (1993)
Liberati, A., Altman, D.G., Tetzlaff, J., Mulrow, C., Gøtzsche, P.C., Ioannidis, J.P.A., et al.: The PRISMA statement for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of studies that evaluate health care interventions: explanation and elaboration. PLoS Med. 6(7), e1000100 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1000100
Jeflea, F.V., Danciulescu, D., Sitnikov, C.S., Filipeanu, D., Park, J.O., Tugui, A.: Societal technological megatrends: a bibliometric analysis from 1982 to 2021. Sustainability 14(3), 1543 (2022). https://doi.org/10.3390/su14031543
Christ, T.: Teaching mixed methods and action research: pedagogical, practical, and evaluative considerations. In: Tashakkori, A., Teddlie, C. (eds.) SAGE Handbook of Mixed Methods in Social & Behavioral Research, Capter 25. SAGE Publications, Inc. (2010). https://doi.org/10.4135/9781506335193
Ivankova, N.V., Plano Clark, V.L.: Teaching mixed methods research: using a socio-ecological framework as a pedagogical approach for addressing the complexity of the field. Int. J. Soc. Res. Methodol. 21(4), 409–424 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1080/13645579.2018.1427604
Hauer, T.: Importance and limitations of AI ethics in contemporary society. Humanit. Soc. Sci. Commun. 9(1), 272 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-022-01300-7
Hauer, T.: Machine ethics, allostery and philosophical anti-dualism: will AI ever make ethically autonomous decisions? Society 57(4), 425–433 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12115-020-00506-2
van Wynsberghe, A., Robbins, S.: Critiquing the reasons for making artificial moral agents. Sci. Eng. Ethics 25(3), 719–735 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11948-018-0030-8
Hauer, T.: Incompleteness of moral choice and evolution towards fully autonomous AI. Humanit. Soc. Sci. Commun. 9(1), 38 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-022-01060-4
Sharkey, A.: Autonomous weapons systems, killer robots and human dignity. Ethics Inf. Technol. 21(2), 75–87 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10676-018-9494-0
Botea, R.: The humanoid robot Sophia is not unique [Robotul umanoid Sophia nu este unicat]. Mediafax, 20 May 2018. https://www.mediafax.ro/social/robotul-umanoid-sophia-nu-este-unicat-intr-un-raspuns-pentru-ziarul-financiar-hanson-robotics-creatorul-acesteia-marturiseste-cate-exemplare-exista-17222816. Accessed 23 Mar 2023
Yongjun, X., et al.: Artificial intelligence: a powerful paradigm for scientific research. Innovation 2(4), 100179 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xinn.2021.100179
Bostrom, N., Yudkowsky, E.: The ethics of artificial intelligence. In: Frankish, K., Ramsey, W. (eds.) The Cambridge Handbook of Artificial Intelligence, pp. 316–334. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (2014). https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139046855.020
Schwartz, J.T.: The limits of artificial intelligence. technical report #212, New York University. In: Shapiro, S., Eckroth, D. (eds.) Encyclopedia of Artificial Intelligence. Wiley, Hoboken (1986)
Biever, C.: ChatGPT broke the turing test — the race is on for new ways to assess AI. Nature 619, 686–689 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-023-02361-7
Acknowledgment
Author is thankful to Romanian Ministry of Research, Innovation and Digitization, within Program 1 – Development of the national RD system, Subprogram 1.2 – Institutional Performance – RDI excellence funding projects, Contract no.11PFE/30.12.2021, for financial support.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2024 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Tugui, A. (2024). Limits of AI from the Societal Perspective: Review and the Altug Scenario of Action for AI Entities. In: Arai, K. (eds) Advances in Information and Communication. FICC 2024. Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, vol 920. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-53963-3_31
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-53963-3_31
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-031-53962-6
Online ISBN: 978-3-031-53963-3
eBook Packages: Intelligent Technologies and RoboticsIntelligent Technologies and Robotics (R0)