Abstract
The foundational or mathematical method reduces to the method of hypothetical models when applied. René Descartes brilliantly used it to derive a new sine law of refraction. He suggested that light is pressure but conforms to the laws of motion. A model of colors gives us an analysis of the rainbow that was widely and rightly admired in his time. He derived many well-known color phenomena from his theory that colored light is a state of sunlight. A color is like a twist on a moving ball, which the retina feels when the light (ball) presses on it. He used multiple models to illustrate his many optical claims, comparing light to a rigid walking stick, to wine pressing down in a vat, and to a tennis ball moving on a path impeded at a surface.
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Notes
- 1.
Quotes and figures from Descartes’ Dioptrique are taken from Paul J. Olscamp’s translation (Descartes 2001/1637).
References
Descartes, Ren. (1637) 2001. Discourse on Method, Optics, Geometry, and Metereology. ed. Paul Olscamp. Indianapolis, Indiana: Hackett.
Newton, Isaac. 1672. New Theory of Light and Colors, Sent by the Author to the Publisher from Cambridge February 6 1671/72. Philosophical Transactions 6 (80): 3075–87.
Sabra, A.I. 1967. Theories of Light from Descartes to Newton. London: Oldbourne.
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Hattiangadi, J. (2024). Applying the Foundational Method. In: Francis Bacon’s Skeptical Recipes for New Knowledge. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-52585-8_11
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-52585-8_11
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