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Anamnese, Beurteilung, Diagnose und Formulierung

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Integrative psychische Gesundheitsversorgung

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Zusammenfassung

Aktuelle Methoden in der psychiatrischen Beurteilung und Diagnose werden überprüft und kritisiert. Probleme, die bei der Bewertung von Ursachen und Bedeutungen kognitiver, affektiver und verhaltensbezogener Symptome auftreten, werden beschrieben. Der mehrdeutige Status von „Störung“ in der Psychiatrie und Probleme im Diagnostischen und Statistischen Handbuch werden diskutiert. Die Kriterien zur Klassifizierung affektiver, kognitiver und verhaltensbezogener Zustände als „Störungen“ variieren stark zwischen den Kulturen und es gibt keine einheitliche Definition dessen, was eine „psychische Störung“ ausmacht. Die Ziele des Interviews und der Formulierung in der integrativen psychischen Gesundheitsversorgung werden beschrieben. Ansätze, die in der westlichen Medizin und CAM zur Beurteilung von psychischen Gesundheitsproblemen weitverbreitet sind, werden beschrieben und ihre Grenzen werden aufgezeigt. Die meisten CAM-Bewertungsansätze, die in westlichen Forschungsstudien sorgfältig bewertet wurden, haben zu Ergebnissen geführt, die nicht reproduzierbar, sensibel oder spezifisch sind. Neue, auf den Praktiker zentrierte Bewertungsansätze und aufkommende Technologien werden es zukünftigen integrativen Praktikern ermöglichen, Informationen zu erfassen, die mit den heutigen biomedizinischen Bewertungsansätzen nicht erreichbar sind. Eine allgemeine Methodik wird für die Planung integrativer Bewertungen eingeführt, die biomedizinische und CAM-Ansätze umfasst. Eine Methodik wird eingeführt, um die optimale individualisierte Bewertungsstrategie zu bestimmen, d. h. die Strategie, die am zuverlässigsten genaue und vollständige Informationen über die Ursachen und Bedeutungen von Symptomen bei einem einzigartigen Patienten liefert. Schließlich werden wichtige Überlegungen bei der klinischen Entscheidungsfindung über die Art, Anzahl und Reihenfolge der Bewertungsansätze diskutiert.

„Der Wert der Erfahrung liegt nicht darin, viel zu sehen, sondern weise zu sehen“

(Sir William Osler MD).

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  1. National Institute of Complementary Medicine, Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Sydney, Australia

    James H. Lake

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Lake, J.H. (2024). Anamnese, Beurteilung, Diagnose und Formulierung. In: Integrative psychische Gesundheitsversorgung. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-52013-6_7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-52013-6_7

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