Abstract
The aspiration of the Western Balkan (WB) states to become members of the European Union (EU) is making these countries’ economic and technological transformation particularly urgent. EU accession is expected to have a major impact on their competitive positions, but achieving production standards that match EU country standards will require the adoption of policies focused on technology and industry upgrading.
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Notes
- 1.
In this chapter, we adopt the EBRD definition of a knowledge economy which is based on the level of economic development, in which innovation and access to information drive productivity growth (EBRD, 2015).
- 2.
To allow use of more standardized data and reliable comparative analysis, we use data from the 2019 and 2022 EBRD reports. Note that the 2022 report does not provide any data for Kosovo.
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Sahiti, F. (2024). Innovation Capacity and Technology Upgrading Issues in the Three Western Balkan Economies. In: Industrial Policies for Technological Upgrading in Western Balkan Countries. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-51429-6_5
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