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Improvement in Fruit Crop Plants Through Mutation Breeding for Sustainable Development

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Plant Mutagenesis

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Abstract

Fruit crops are an important entity of the agriculture sector that plays a significant role in global nutritional health and food security. It has been estimated that by 2050, there will be 70% more food demand to meet the requirements of the fast-growing world population. Therefore, there is a need to improve the existing fruit crop cultivars by enhancing their diversity, productivity, nutritional attributes, and adaptability within ever-climate-changing scenarios. Conventional breeding methods for fruit crop improvement have been in practice for a long time, however, these techniques are laborious as they have a long phase of juvenility, heterozygosity issues, and are time-consuming. Mutation breeding's role in fruit crop improvement has been documented because of its ability in creating variability and shortening the time for new cultivar development. The mutation breeding for crop improvement through physical and chemical mutagens has been successfully exploited in fruit crops like pear, peach, banana, papaya, grapes, almond, plum, sour and sweet cherry, apple, lemon, blueberry, and rough lemon. In fruit crops, mutagenesis has shown evidence in improving the fruit traits like color development, fruit size enhancement, taste, aroma, and has induced dwarfism and self-incompatibility. The artificial plant mutation techniques such as physical and chemical mutations are very fascinating and the application of these techniques in fruit crops is resulting in new sustainable commercial cultivars.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department Plant Sciences, College of Agricultural and Marine Science, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 34, Al-khoud 123, Oman

    M. Mumtaz Khan & Rashid A-Yahyai

  2. Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, PMAS- Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan

    Muhammed Tahir Akram & Taj Nabi

  3. Institute of Horticultural Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan

    Rashad Qadri

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  1. M. Mumtaz Khan
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  2. Muhammed Tahir Akram
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  3. Taj Nabi
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  5. Rashid A-Yahyai
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Correspondence to M. Mumtaz Khan .

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  1. Department of Biotechnology, Central University of South Bihar, Bihar, India

    Nitish Kumar

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Mumtaz Khan, M., Akram, M.T., Nabi, T., Qadri, R., A-Yahyai, R. (2024). Improvement in Fruit Crop Plants Through Mutation Breeding for Sustainable Development. In: Kumar, N. (eds) Plant Mutagenesis. Sustainable Landscape Planning and Natural Resources Management. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-50729-8_9

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