Skip to main content

Empowering Children for Social Justice–Design Research in the Context of Children’s Computing Education

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
After Latour: Globalisation, Inequity and Climate Change (IFIPJWC 2023)

Abstract

In the contemporary digitalized society, it is pivotal to provide children with skills to ideate, design and develop digital technology and to critically reflect on it and its consequences. In the current world full of crises, it is also crucial to make visible for children that digital technology is never value-free and that it can be used for making the world a better place but also for discrimination, marginalization, and oppression. Information Systems (IS) scholars have not addressed these topics with children, while IS as a discipline would provide very suitable expertise for this. We, inspired by frameworks on empowerment and social justice, have invited children to tackle a wicked societal problem of bullying through design of digital technology as part of their computing education, and while doing so, aimed at empowering children to empower those suffering from bullying, i.e., advocating social justice. In this design research study, we analyze and showcase our empowering design process and outcomes. We contribute to IS literature by offering insights on how IS research can contribute to children’s empowerment and social justice oriented computing education. These insights serve also IS researchers working with adults and pursuing social justice and empowerment agendas.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Dindler, C., Smith, R., Iversen, O.S.: Computational empowerment: participatory design in education. CoDesign 16, 66–80 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1080/15710882.2020.1722173

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Erete, S., Thomas, K., Nacu, D., Dickinson, J., Thompson, N., Pinkard, N.: Applying a transformative justice approach to encourage the participation of Black and Latina Girls in computing. ACM Trans. Comput. Educ. (TOCE). 21, 1–24 (2021)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Holbert, N.: Leveraging cultural values and “ways of knowing” to increase diversity in maker activities. Int. J. Child-Comput. Inter. 9–10, 33–39 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcci.2016.10.002

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Iivari, N., Kinnula, M.: Empowering children through design and making: towards protagonist role adoption. In: Proceedings of the 15th Participatory Design Conference: Full Papers, vol. 1. pp. 1–12. Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA (2018). https://doi.org/10.1145/3210586.3210600

  5. Iversen, O.S., Smith, R.C., Dindler, C.: Child as protagonist: expanding the role of children in participatory design. In: Proceedings of the 2017 Conference on Interaction Design and Children, pp. 27–37. Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA (2017). https://doi.org/10.1145/3078072.3079725

  6. Ko, A.J., et al.: Critically Conscious Computing: Methods for Secondary Education. (2023)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Lee, C.H., Soep, E.: None but ourselves can free our minds: critical computational literacy as a pedagogy of resistance. Equity Excellence Educ. 49, 480–492 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Pinkard, N., Erete, S., Martin, C.K., McKinney de Royston, M.: Digital youth divas: exploring narrative-driven curriculum to spark middle school girls’ interest in computational activities. J. Learn. Sci. 26, 477–516 (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Ryoo, J.J., Margolis, J., Lee, C.H., Sandoval, C.D., Goode, J.: Democratizing computer science knowledge: transforming the face of computer science through public high school education. Learn. Media Technol. 38, 161–181 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Tissenbaum, M., Weintrop, D., Holbert, N., Clegg, T.: The case for alternative endpoints in computing education. Br. J. Edu. Technol. 52, 1164–1177 (2021)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Chandra Kruse, L., et al.: Understanding the digital companions of our future generation. Commun. Assoc. Inf. Syst. 52, 22 (2023)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Venkatesh, V., Sykes, T., Chan, F.K., Thong, J.Y., Hu, P.J.: Children’s Internet addiction, family-to-work conflict, and job outcomes: a study of parent-child dyads. MIS Q. 43, 903–927 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Vodanovich, S., Sundaram, D., Myers, M.: Research commentary: digital natives and ubiquitous information systems. Inf. Syst. Res. 21, 711–723 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Iivari, N., Kinnula, M., Molin-Juustila, T.: You have to start somewhere: initial meanings making in a design and making project. In: Proceedings of the 17th ACM Conference on Interaction Design and Children, pp. 80–92. Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA (2018). https://doi.org/10.1145/3202185.3202742

  15. Iivari, N., Molin-Juustila, T., Kinnula, M.: The future digital innovators: empowering the young generation with digital fabrication and making (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Vainionpää, F., Kinnula, M., Iivari, N., Molin-Juustila, T.: Girls in IT: intentionally self-excluded or products of high school as a site of exclusion? Internet Res. 31, 846–870 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Rajala, J., Kinnula, M., Molin-Juustila, T., Iivari, N.: Is IT Worth It? A Literature Review on Stakeholders and Their Value Propositions in IS Education Outreach Programs (2021)

    Google Scholar 

  18. Lachney, M., Ryoo, J., Santo, R.: Introduction to the special section on justice-centered computing education, part 1 (2021)

    Google Scholar 

  19. Ryoo, J.J., Santo, R., Lachney, M.: Introduction to the Special Issue on Justice-Centered Computing Education, Part 2 (2022)

    Google Scholar 

  20. Iivari, N., et al.: Critical agenda driving child–computer interaction research—Taking a stock of the past and envisioning the future. Int. J. Child-Comput. Inter. 32, 100408 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcci.2021.100408

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Cecez-Kecmanovic, D., Klein, H.K., Brooke, C.: Exploring the critical agenda in information systems research. Inf. Syst. J. 18(2), 123–135 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Iivari, N., Kuutti, K.: Towards critical design science research (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  23. Monson, M.: Socially responsible design science in information systems for sustainable development: a critical research methodology. Eur. J. Inf. Syst. 32, 1–31 (2021)

    Google Scholar 

  24. Myers, M.D., Klein, H.K.: A set of principles for conducting critical research in information systems. MIS Q. 35, 17–36 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Olweus, D.: Bullying at school. In: Huesmann, L.R. (ed.) Aggressive Behavior: Current Perspectives, pp. 97–130. Springer, Boston (1994). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9116-7_5

  26. Salmivalli, C., Laninga-Wijnen, L., Malamut, S.T., Garandeau, C.F.: Bullying prevention in adolescence: Solutions and new challenges from the past decade. J. Res. Adolesc. 31, 1023–1046 (2021)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Levy, M., Lanamäki, A., Hirschheim, R.: Robust action strategies in a connected but unequal world: revisiting american pragmatism for social justice focused research in information systems. Commun. Assoc. Inf. Syst. 47, 42 (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  28. Marjanovic, O., Cecez-Kecmanovic, D., Vidgen, R.: Theorising algorithmic justice. Eur. J. Inf. Syst. 31, 269–287 (2022)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Gao, H., Ng, E., Deng, B., et al.: more or less prejudice? A study on real-time volunteer apps for visually impaired people (2023)

    Google Scholar 

  30. Wang, P., Lee, M., Hangen, F., O’Brien, D.T., Tang, X.: Social Justice & Technical Efficiency: The Role of Digital Technology in Boston’s 311 System (2022)

    Google Scholar 

  31. Bentley, C.M., Chib, A., Poveda, S.: A critical narrative approach to openness: the impact of open development on structural transformation. Inf. Syst. J. 29, 787–810 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Fraser, N.: Reframing justice in a globalizing world. In: Nationalism and Global Solidarities, pp. 178–196. Routledge (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  33. Fraser, N.: Social justice in the age of identity politics: redistribution, recognition, participation. Wissenschaftszentrum Berlin für Sozialforschung gGmbH, Berlin

    Google Scholar 

  34. Kinnula, M., et al.: Cooperation, combat, or competence building–what do we mean when we are ‘empowering children’ in and through digital technology design? In: Thirty eighth International Conference on Information Systems, vol. 21 (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  35. Conger, J.A., Kanungo, R.N.: The empowerment process: integrating theory and practice. Acad. Manag. Rev. 13, 471–482 (1988). https://doi.org/10.2307/258093

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. Hardy, C., O’Sullivan, S.: The power behind empowerment: implications for research and practice. Hum. Relat. HUM RELAT. 51, 451–483 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1016989830806

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. Iivari, N.: Empowering children to make and shape our digital futures–from adults creating technologies to children transforming cultures. Int. J. Inf. Learn. Technol. 37, 279–293 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1108/IJILT-03-2020-0023

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. Jennings, L.B., Parra-Medina, D.M., Hilfinger-Messias, D.K., McLoughlin, K.: Toward a critical social theory of youth empowerment. J. Community Pract. 14, 31–55 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1300/J125v14n01_03

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. Rajanen, M., Iivari, N.: Empowered or Disempowered? An Analysis of Usability Practitioners’ Interventions in Open Source Projects. Presented at the October 1 (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  40. Thomas, K.W., Velthouse, B.A.: Cognitive elements of empowerment: an “interpretive” model of intrinsic task motivation. Acad. Manag. Rev. 15, 666–681 (1990). https://doi.org/10.2307/258687

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. Van Mechelen, M., Have Musaeus, L., Iversen, O.S., Dindler, C., Hjorth, A.: A systematic review of empowerment in child-computer interaction research. In: Interaction Design and Children, pp. 119–130. Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA (2021). https://doi.org/10.1145/3459990.3460701

  42. Gregor, S., Hevner, A.R.: Positioning and presenting design science research for maximum impact. MIS Q. 37, 337–355 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  43. Hevner, A.R., March, S.T., Park, J., Ram, S.: Design science in information systems research. MIS Q. 28, 75–105 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  44. Peffers, K., Tuunanen, T., Niehaves, B.: Design science research genres: introduction to the special issue on exemplars and criteria for applicable design science research (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  45. Rai, A.: Editor’s comments: diversity of design science research. MIS Q. 41, iii–xviii (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  46. Cross, N.: Designerly ways of knowing: design discipline versus design science. Des. Issues 17, 49–55 (2001)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  47. Zimmerman, J., Forlizzi, J., Evenson, S.: Research through design as a method for interaction design research in HCI. In: Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, pp. 493–502 (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  48. Gaver, W.: What should we expect from research through design? In: Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, pp. 937–946 (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  49. Ventä-Olkkonen, L., et al.: Nowhere to now-here: empowering children to reimagine bully prevention at schools using critical design fiction: exploring the potential of participatory, empowering design fiction in collaboration with children. In: Designing Interactive Systems Conference 2021, pp. 734–748. Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA (2021). https://doi.org/10.1145/3461778.3462044

  50. Boal, A.: Theater of the Oppressed. Pluto Press, London (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  51. Fuad-Luke, A.: Design Activism: A Beautiful Strangeness for a Sustainable World. Design Activism: Beautiful Strangeness for a Sustainable World, pp. 1–245 (2013). https://doi.org/10.4324/9781849770941

  52. Iivari, N., et al.: Computational empowerment of children: design research on empowering and impactful designs by children. Int. J. Child-Comput. Interact. 37, 100600 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcci.2023.100600

    Article  Google Scholar 

  53. Ventä-Olkkonen, L., et al.: All the world is our stage: empowering children to tackle bullying through theatre of the oppressed in critical design and making. In: Presented at the Nordic Human-Computer Interaction Conference (NordiCHI 2022) , Aarhus, Denmark. 12.10 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1145/3546155.3546705

Download references

Acknowledgements

This study was funded by Academy of Finland (Grant #324685, Make-a-Difference project). This research is connected to the GenZ-project, a strategic profiling project in human sciences at the University of Oulu, supported by the Academy of Finland (Grant #318930) and the University of Oulu.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Netta Iivari .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2023 IFIP International Federation for Information Processing

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Iivari, N., Ventä-Olkkonen, L., Hartikainen, H., Sharma, S., Lehto, E., Holappa, J. (2023). Empowering Children for Social Justice–Design Research in the Context of Children’s Computing Education. In: Jones, M.R., Mukherjee, A.S., Thapa, D., Zheng, Y. (eds) After Latour: Globalisation, Inequity and Climate Change. IFIPJWC 2023. IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology, vol 696. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-50154-8_15

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-50154-8_15

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-031-50153-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-031-50154-8

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics