Abstract
In the context surrounding the complex dynamics of food meanings and their implication towards healthier food transition, this study aims to comprehensively understand the perceptions, beliefs, and practices ascribed to food by consumers in Eastern Visayas, Philippines. Employing a mixed-methods approach using an online survey and photovoice methods, the study delved into the multifaceted meanings and visions of food among the local consumers. In total, 138 respondents participated in the online survey and photovoice method providing a rich sample of narratives and photos for data analysis using a qualitative thematic analysis and computational text analysis. Several prominent themes were identified in the analysis. Moreover, the analysis revealed the most frequently associated words ascribed to healthy, unhealthy foods, and the future of food. Notably, fruits and vegetables emerged as the most commonly identified sources of healthy food, with descriptors encompassing various aspects such as food type, quality, cooking methods, and frequency of consumption. This emphasis on fruits and vegetables can be attributed to the influence of early childhood education, community norms, and government interventions promoting healthier eating habits. Meanwhile, unhealthy foods are characterized as those foods that have undergone intensive processing as well as foods that are high in oil fats, sugar, flavour enhancers, and preservatives. Moreover, in transitioning to a healthier food future, the respondents emphasized the importance of individual and household-level initiatives. These findings shed light on the intricate and context-dependent nature of food meanings and visions in Eastern Visayas. Furthermore, this study underscores the significance of considering local perspectives and preferences in the development of public health and nutrition policies. By recognising and respecting the diverse meanings ascribed to food, policymakers and practitioners can formulate targeted interventions that align with the specific values and beliefs held by the local population. Such context-specific approaches are crucial for fostering improved food security and overall well-being, particularly in disaster-prone regions like Eastern Visayas. This study serves as a foundation for future endeavours in understanding the complex dynamics of food meanings and their implications for public health and nutrition in diverse socio-cultural contexts.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Aban ML, Concepcion SB, Montiflor MO (2009) Consumers’ perceptions on food safety of vegetables in Davao City, Philippines. BANWA: A Multi J 6(1774–2016–141624):13–30
Abao LN, Bedford R (2021) Philippine 2021 livestock and poultry annual report. United States Department of Agriculture—Foreign Agricultural Services. Report Number: RP2021-0053. Accessed on 11 Mar 2022 at https://apps.fas.usda.gov/newgainapi/api/Report/DownloadReportByFileName?fileName=2021%20Livestock%20and%20Poultry%20Annual_Manila_Philippines_08-30-2021.pdf
Alejandro RG (2012) Authentic recipes from the Philippines. Tuttle Publishing
Angeles-Agdeppa I, Custodio S, Rosel M (2020) Food sources and nutrient intakes of Filipino working adults. Nutrients 12(4):1009
Babbie E (2016) The practice of social research, 14th edn. Cengage Learning
Bagotlo O (2021) We also want greens in our meals: community gardens in the Philippines. International Institute for Environment and Development. Accessed on 20 Mar 2022 at https://www.iied.org/we-also-want-greens-our-meals-community-gardens-philippines
Barroga TRM, Morales RG, Benigno CC, Castro SJM, Caniban MM, Cabullo MFB et al (2020) Antimicrobials used in backyard and commercial poultry and swine farms in the Philippines: a qualitative pilot study. Front Vet Sci 329
Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (BSP) (2021) Report on the regional economic developments in the Philippines. Accessed on 12 Mar 2022 at https://www.bsp.gov.ph/Media_And_Research/Report%20on%20Regional%20Economic%20Developments/REDP_2019.pdf
BFAR (Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources) (2021) Philippine fisheries profile 2021. Accessed on January 15, 2023 at https://www.bfar.da.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/2021-Fisheries-Profile-FINAL-FILE.pdf
Bryman A (2016) Social research methods, 5th edn. Oxford University Press
Capanzana MV, Aguila DV (2020) Philippines case study: government policies on nutrition education. In: Nutrition education: strategies for improving nutrition and healthy eating in individuals and communities, vol 92. Karger Publishers, pp 119–129
Capuno OB, Gonzaga ZC, Dimabuyu HB, Rom JC (2014, August) Indigenous vegetables for coping with climate change and food security. In: XXIX international horticultural congress on horticulture: sustaining lives, livelihoods and landscapes (IHC2014): 1102. pp 171–178
Cheung JTH, Lok J, Gietel-Basten S, Koh K (2021) The food environments of fruit and vegetable consumption in east and Southeast Asia: a systematic review. Nutrients 13(1):1–33. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13010148
Chua K (2021) Statement on the 2021 first semester official poverty statistics. Philippine National Economic and Development Authority. Accessed on 25 May 2022 at https://neda.gov.ph/statement-on-the-2021-first-semester-official-poverty-statistics/
Creswell JW, Creswell JD (2018) Research design: qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches, 5th edn. SAGE Publications
DA Communication Group (2020) DA intensifies urban agri through veggie seed distribution amid COVID-19. Philippine Department of Agriculture. Accessed on 28 May 2022 at https://www.da.gov.ph/da-intensifies-urban-agri-through-veggie-seed-distribution-amid-covid-19/
Delima G, Jacobs L, Loopmans M, Ekyaligonza M, Kabaseke C, Kervyn M, Mertens K (2021) DisCoord: co-creating DRR knowledge in Uganda through interaction in a serious game. Int J Disaster Risk Reduction 60:102303
Department of Trade and Industry (DT) (n.d.) Profile of region 8. Accessed on 11 Mar 2022 at https://www.dti.gov.ph/regions/region-8/profile/
Dorado JB, Viajar RV, Azaña GP, Caraig GS, Capanzana MV (2018) Does backyard vegetable gardening enhance perceived household food security and dietary diversity? A case study in the Philippines. In: Diversity and change in food wellbeing: cases from Southeast Asia and Nepal. pp 165–172
European Commission (2005) Country environmental profile. The Philippines. Accessed on May 2022 at https://europa.eu/capacity4dev/file/33023/download?token=j1ieUXT9
Food and Agriculture Organisation (2022) Food-based dietary guidelines—Philippines. Accessed on 1 June 2022 at https://www.fao.org/nutrition/education/food-dietary-guidelines/regions/countries/philippines/en/
Food and Nutrition Research Institute (FNRI)—Department of Science and Technology (n.d.) Pinggang Pinoy. Accessed on 1 June 2022 at https://www.fnri.dost.gov.ph/images/sources/PinggangPinoy-Adult.pdf
Food and Nutrition Research Institute (FNRI)—Department of Science and Technology (2015) Nutritional guidelines for Filipinos revised 2012. Taguig City, Philippines
Honculada-Genove J (2020) Nutrition security through sustainable home garden food production initiatives. Philippine Soc Sci J 3(1):93–100
Julia C, Fialon M, Galan P, Deschasaux-Tanguy M, Andreeva VA, Kesse-Guyot E et al (2022) Are foods ‘healthy’ or ‘healthier’? Front-of-pack labelling and the concept of healthiness applied to foods. Br J Nutr 127(6):948–952
Keck M (2022) The pandemic pushed 4 million more Filipinos into poverty in first half of 2021. Global Citizen Organization. Accessed on 25 May 2022 at https://www.globalcitizen.org/en/content/philippines-poverty-covid-19/
Lantrip BC (2017) The Chinese cultural influence on Filipino Cuisine
Madanguit-Mapayo A (2020) #PostYourVegetableGardenChallenge pushes to promote urban gardening in social media. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Training Institute
Maneze D, DiGiacomo M, Salamonson Y, Descallar J, Davidson PM (2015) Facilitators and barriers to health-seeking behaviours among Filipino migrants: inductive analysis to inform health promotion. BioMed Res Int 2015
Mertens K, Bwambale B, Delima G (2023) Politicising disaster governance: can a board game stimulate discussions around disasters as matters of concern? Environ Planning: Nat Space 6(1):514–536
NAMRIA (2017) Administrator Tiangco welcomes 2017. Accessed on Jan 2022 at https://www.namria.gov.ph/list.php?id=1032&alias=administrator-tiangco-welcomes-2017&Archive=1
National Nutrition Council (NNC) (2020) NNC region VIII profile. Accessed on 3 Mar 2022 at https://www.nnc.gov.ph/regional-offices/visayas/region-viii-eastern-visayas/52-region-8-profile/301-nnc-region-viii-profile
Neuman WL (2014) Social research methods: qualitative and quantitative approaches, 7th edn. Pearson
Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA) (2017) Consumption of selected agricultural commodities in the Philippines: volume 2—by Barangay classification. ISSN-2094-6236
Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA) (2000) Table 8. Language/dialect generally spoken in the households: Eastern Visayas. https://psa.gov.ph/sites/default/files/attachments/hsd/pressrelease/Table8_7.pdf
Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA) (2020a) Swine situation report April to June 2020. Accessed on February 10, 2023 at https://psa.gov.ph/system/files/livestock-poultry/Special-Release-Swine-Situation-Report-April-to-June-2020-signed.pdf
Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA) (2020b) Agricultural indicators system, employment and wages in the agriculture sector. Accessed on February 10, 2023 at https://psa.gov.ph/system/files/main-publication/AIS%2520Employment%2520and%2520Wages_signed%25201127%2520.pdf
Reeve E, Thow AM, Bell C, Engelhardt K, Gamolo-Naliponguit EC, Go JJ, Sacks G (2018) Implementation lessons for school food policies and marketing restrictions in the Philippines: a qualitative policy analysis. Globalisation Health 14(1):1–14
Sierra J (2022) A fishy situation: diving into the Pinoy’s current fish and seafood consumption and the decline in marine resources. Oceana Philippines. Accessed on January 15, 2023 at https://ph.oceana.org/press-releases/fins-study/#:~:text=Imelda%20Angeles%2DAgdeppa%2C%20DOST%2D,person%20daily%20in%202018%2D2019
Simmonds S, Roux C, Avest IT (2015) Blurring the boundaries between photovoice and narrative inquiry: a narrative-photovoice methodology for gender-based research. Int J Qual Methods 14(3):33–49
Tomacruz S (2017, April 14) FAST FACTS: how much meat does the Filipino consume? Rappler. Accessed on 25 Apr 2022 at https://www.rappler.com/business/166870-fast-facts-meat-chicken-pork-filipino-consumption/
Valdez MLA (2014) Parada ng Lechon in Balayan, Batangas Philippines to Honor St. John the Baptist: an ethnographic study. Asia Pac J Multi Res 2(3)
Vanstone M, Giacomini M, Smith A, Brundisini F, DeJean D, Winsor S (2013) How diet modification challenges are magnified in vulnerable or marginalised people with diabetes and heart disease: a systematic review and qualitative meta-synthesis. Ontario Health Technol Assess Ser 13(14):1
Welbers K, Van Atteveldt W, Benoit K (2017) Text analysis in R. Commun Methods Meas 11(4):245–265
Zamora OB, de Guzman LEP, Saguiguit SLC, Talavera M, Theresa M, Gordoncillo NP (2013) Leveraging agriculture to improve nutrition in the Philippines. Food Sec 5(6):873–886
Ziegler AM, Kasprzak CM, Mansouri TH, Gregory AM, Barich RA, Hatzinger LA et al (2021) An ecological perspective of food choice and eating autonomy among adolescents. Front Psychol 12:1098
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2024 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Delima, G.A., Galgo, C.J.R. (2024). Exploration of the Diverse Meanings Ascribed to Food by Consumers in Eastern Visayas, Philippines. In: Esam Awuh, H., Agyekum, S. (eds) Geographies of Food. Springer Geography. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-49873-2_6
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-49873-2_6
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-031-49872-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-031-49873-2
eBook Packages: Earth and Environmental ScienceEarth and Environmental Science (R0)