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Numerical Analysis of Two-Phase Flow Using 2-D Axi-Symmetric Approach for an Effervescent Atomizer

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IGEC Transactions, Volume 1: Energy Conversion and Management (IAGE 2023)

Part of the book series: Springer Proceedings in Energy ((SPE))

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Abstract

Effervescent atomization is a type of twin-fluid atomization in which a small amount of gas is bubbled into the liquid before it is ejected from the atomizer. The technique of directly bubbling gas into the liquid stream inside the atomizer body differs significantly from other methods of twin-fluid atomization (either internal or external mixing) and results in significant performance improvements in terms of smaller drop sizes and even relatively lower injection pressures. The internal two-phase flow behaviour inside the injector will significantly affect the downstream spray characteristics. The current study involves the numerical investigation of two-phase flow behaviour inside an effervescent atomizer using a 2-D axi-symmetric computational domain. Both mixture and VOF multiphase approaches with URANS (standard, RNG, and realizable k-ε) turbulence models have been adopted in this study. The effect of turbulence models on the two-phase flow evolution in the injector has been studied with a GLR (gas-to-liquid ratio) of 0.08%. The liquid is taken as ethanol, and atomizing gas is nitrogen for the current study.

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Abbreviations

t:

Variable time, s

u:

Velocity vector, m/s

g:

Acceleration vector, m/s2

Fs:

Force vector, N

k:

Turbulent kinetic energy, J/kg

RNG:

Renormalization group

VOF:

Volume of fluid

NOx:

Nitrogen oxides

GLR:

Gas to liquid mass flow ratio

ρ:

Density, kg/m3

α:

Average gas fraction

µ:

Kinematic viscosity, Pa-s

µT:

Turbulent kinematic viscosity, Pa-s

ε:

Turbulent dissipation rate, J/kg-s

l:

Liquid phase

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank Prof. Jan Jedelsky and his research group from Brno University of Technology, Czech Republic, for encouraging and motivating us to work on modelling aspects of effervescent atomization.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Engines and Unconventional Fuels Laboratory, Department of Energy Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India

    M. Venkata Koti & Kaushik Saha

Authors
  1. M. Venkata Koti
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  2. Kaushik Saha
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Kaushik Saha .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Mississippi State University, Mississippi, MS, USA

    Jian Zhao

  2. University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK

    Sambhaji Kadam

  3. University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK

    Zhibin Yu

  4. Dept of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engg, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada

    Xianguo Li

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Koti, M.V., Saha, K. (2024). Numerical Analysis of Two-Phase Flow Using 2-D Axi-Symmetric Approach for an Effervescent Atomizer. In: Zhao, J., Kadam, S., Yu, Z., Li, X. (eds) IGEC Transactions, Volume 1: Energy Conversion and Management. IAGE 2023. Springer Proceedings in Energy. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-48902-0_17

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-48902-0_17

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-031-48901-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-031-48902-0

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