Skip to main content

Performance Evaluation of Optical Links: With and Without Forward Error Correcting Codes

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Cognitive Computing and Cyber Physical Systems (IC4S 2023)

Abstract

Optical links play a crucial role in modern communication systems, enabling high-speed data transmission over long distances with minimal loss and interference. As the demand for faster and more reliable networks continues to grow, evaluating the performance of optical links becomes paramount. There are several approaches to developing performance prediction strategies for optical links, including analytical models, numerical simulations, and experimental measurements. Analytical models are based on mathematical equations and can provide quick and accurate predictions of the link performance for simple systems. Numerical simulations use computer software to solve complex equations and simulate the link performance for more realistic systems. The prominent strategies include: link budget analysis; chromatic dispersion compensation; nonlinear impairment mitigation; error correcting codes. This work mainly focusses on analyzing the performance of optical link with various prediction strategies (hard decision-FEC, soft decision-FEC and probabilistic shaping)) using forward error correcting codes (FEC). The symbol error rate, bit error rate and achievable information rates have been analyzed for aforementioned strategies with and without FEC.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 64.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Schmalen, L., Alvarado, A., Rios-Müller, R.: Predicting the performance of nonbinary forward error correction in optical transmission experiments. Optical Fiber Communications Conference and Exhibition (OFC), pp. 1–3. Anaheim, CA, USA (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Beppu, S., Kasai, K., Yoshida, M., Nakazawa, M.: 2048 QAM (66 Gbit/s) single-carrier coherent optical transmission over 150 km with a potential SE of 15.3 bit/s/Hz. Opt. Express 23(4) 4960–4969 (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Alvarado, A., Agrell, E., Lavery, D., Maher, R., Bayvel, P.: Replacing the soft-decision FEC limit paradigm in the design of optical communication systems (Invited Paper). J. Lightw. Technol 33(20), 4338–4352 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Alvarado, A., Agrell, E., Lavery, D., Maher, R., Bayvel, P.: Corrections to Replacing the soft-decision FEC limit paradigm in the design of optical communication systems. J. Lightw. Technol 34(2), 722 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Venkateswara Rao, Ch., Ravi Sankar, M., Praveena, V., Bavya Sri, V., B S Sailesh, A., Rama Lakshmi, K.: Performance Evaluation of OFDM System: With and Without Reed-Solomon Codes. 4th International Conference on Advances in Computing, Communication Control and Networking (ICAC3N), Greater Noida, India, pp. 1827–1831 (2022)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Satish, A., Kamalaksha, B., Vinodh Kumar, N.: Simple optical sensors for oxygen detection: simulation fabrication and characterization. J. Mod. Opt. 68(16), 886–894 (2021)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Ravuri, V., Subbarao, M.V., Terlapu, S.K., Challa Ram, G.: Path loss modeling and channel characterization at 28 GHz 5G micro-cell outdoor environment using 3D ray-tracing. In: Second International Conference on Advances in Electrical, Computing, Communication and Sustainable Technologies (ICAECT), pp. 1–7. Bhilai, India (2022)

    Google Scholar 

  8. Caire, G., Taricco, G., Biglieri, E.: Bit-interleaved coded modulation. IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory 44(3), 927–946 (1998)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  9. Alvarado, A., Agrell, E.: Four-dimensional coded modulation with bit-wise decoders for future optical communications. J. Lightw. Technol. 33(10), 1993–2003 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Böcherer, G., Schulte, P., Steiner, F.: Probabilistic shaping and forward error correction for fiber-optic communication systems. J. Lightwave Technol. 37(2), 230–244 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Yoshida, T., Alvarado, A., Karlsson, M., Agrell, E.: Post-FEC BER benchmarking for bit-interleaved coded modulation with probabilistic shaping. J. Lightwave Technol. 38(16), 4292–4306 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Secondini, M., Agrell, E., Forestieri, E., Marsella, D., Camara, M.R.: Nonlinearity mitigation in WDM systems: models, strategies, and achievable rates. J. Lightwave Technol. 37(10), 2270–2283 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Secondini, M., Agrell, E., Forestieri, E., Marsella, D.: Fiber nonlinearity mitigation in WDM Systems: strategies and achievable rates. In: European Conference on Optical Communication (ECOC), pp. 1–3. Gothenburg, Sweden (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Ivanov, M., Brannstrom, F., Alvarado, A., Agrell, E.: On the exact BER of bit-wise demodulators for one-dimensional constellations. IEEE Trans. Commun. 61(4), 1450–1459 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Alireza. Sk., G. i Amat, A., Alvarado, A.: On product codes with probabilistic amplitude shaping for high-throughput fiber-optic systems. IEEE Commun. Let. 24(11) 2406–2410 (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Alireza. Sk., G., i Amat, A., Liva, G., Steiner, F.: Probabilistic amplitude shaping with hard decision decoding and staircase codes. J. Lightwave Technol. 36(9) 1689–1697 (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  17. Djordjevic, I.B., Liu, T., Wang, T.: Multinary-signaling-based coded modulation for ultrahigh-speed optical transport. IEEE Photon. J. 7(1), 1–9 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Yoshida, T., Alvarado, A., Karlsson, M., Agrell, E.: Performance prediction recipes for optical links. IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 33(18), 1034–1037 (2021)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Jayaraj, N., Nagaraj, R.: Performance analysis of optical network for efficient transmission of multimedia data. In: 9th International Conference on Computing for Sustainable Global Development (INDIACom), pp. 87–92. New Delhi, India (2022)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to S. Sugumaran .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2024 ICST Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Lakshmi, K.D., Sugumaran, S., Srinivas, K. (2024). Performance Evaluation of Optical Links: With and Without Forward Error Correcting Codes. In: Pareek, P., Gupta, N., Reis, M.J.C.S. (eds) Cognitive Computing and Cyber Physical Systems. IC4S 2023. Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering, vol 537. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-48891-7_16

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-48891-7_16

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-031-48890-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-031-48891-7

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics