Abstract
In times of economic uncertainty, understanding household saving behavior is of particular importance to researchers and policymakers alike. We review the recent empirical literature on household saving over the life cycle, cross-sectional determinants of saving rates, and retirement saving, focusing on studies based on high-quality administrative data. We also discuss recent evidence on similarities in economic behavior and outcomes across generations. There are some common themes. While less financially savvy and low-income households are particularly at risk of under-saving, the literature also shows surprising differences in savings rates among financially well-off households. Individuals tend to exhibit present bias and inertia in their saving and consumption behavior and are strongly influenced by their upbringing and genetic predisposition.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Adermon, A., Lindahl, M., & Palme, M. (2021). Dynastic human capital, inequality, and intergenerational mobility. American Economic Review, 111(5), 1523–1548.
Adermon, A., Lindahl, M., & Waldenstrom, D. (2018). Intergenerational wealth mobility and the role of inheritance: Evidence from multiple generations. Economic Journal, 128(612), F482–F513.
Agarwal, S., Qian, W., & Tan, R. (2020). Household finance: A functional approach. Springer Nature.
Aguiar, M., & Hurst, E. (2013). Deconstructing life cycle expenditure. Journal of Political Economy, 121(3), 437–492.
Arrondel, L. (2013). Are “daddy’s boys” just as rich as daddy? The transmission of values between generations. Journal of Economic Inequality, 11(4), 439–471.
Attanasio, O. P., & Weber, G. (2010). Consumption and saving: Models of intertemporal allocation and their implications for public policy. Journal of Economic Literature, 48(3), 693–751.
Bach, L., Calvet, L., & Sodini, P. (2018). From saving comes having? Disentangling the impact of saving on wealth inequality [Working Paper].
Bach, L., Calvet, L., & Sodini, P. (2020). Rich pickings? Risk, return, and skill in household wealth. American Economic Review, 110(9), 2703–2747.
Barth, D., Papageorge, N. W., & Thom, K. (2020). Genetic endowments and wealth inequality. Journal of Political Economy, 128(4), 1474–1522.
Bernstein, A., & Koudijs, P. (2021). The mortgage piggy bank: Building wealth through amortization [Working Paper].
Beshears, J., Choi, J. J., Laibson, D., & Madrian, B. C. (2018). Behavioral household finance. In D. Bernheim, D. Laibson, & S. DellaVigna (Eds.), Handbook of behavioral economics – Foundations and applications (pp. 177–276). Elsevier.
Beshears, J., Choi, J. J., Laibson, D., Madrian, B. C., & Milkman, K. L. (2015). The effect of providing peer information on retirement savings decisions. Journal of Finance, 70(3), 1161–1201.
Beshears, J., Choi, J. J., Laibson, D., Madrian, B. C., & Skimmyhorn, W. J. (2022). Borrowing to Save? The Impact of Automatic Enrollment on Debt. Journal of Finance, 77(1), 403–447.
Black, S. E., & Devereux, P. J. (2011). Recent developments in intergenerational mobility. Handbook of Labor Economics, 4b(4), 1487–1541.
Black, S. E., Devereux, P. J., Landaud, F., & Salvanes, K. (2022). The (un)importance of inheritance [Working Paper].
Black, S. E., Devereux, P. J., Lundborg, P., & Majlesi, K. (2017). On the origins of risk-taking in financial markets. Journal of Finance, 72(5), 2229–2278.
Black, S. E., Devereux, P. J., Lundborg, P., & Majlesi, K. (2020). Poor little rich kids? The role of nature versus nurture in wealth and other economic outcomes and behaviours. Review of Economic Studies, 87(4), 1683–1725.
Boar, C. (2021). Dynastic precautionary savings. Review of Economic Studies, 88(6), 2735–2765.
Boserup, S. H., Kopczuk, W., & Kreiner, C. T. (2016). The role of bequests in shaping wealth inequality: Evidence from danish wealth records. American Economic Review, 106(5), 656–661.
Boserup, S. H., Kopczuk, W., & Kreiner, C. T. (2018). Born with a silver spoon? Danish evidence on wealth inequality in childhood. Economic Journal, 128(612), F514–F544.
Brounen, D., Koedijk, K. G., & Pownall, R. A. J. (2016). Household financial planning and savings behavior. Journal of International Money and Finance, 69, 95–107.
Brown, S., & Taylor, K. (2016). Early influences on saving behaviour: Analysis of British panel data. Journal of Banking & Finance, 62, 1–14.
Browning, M., & Lusardi, A. (1996). Household saving: Micro theories and micro facts. Journal of Economic Literature, 34(4), 1797–1855.
Calvet, L., & Sodini, P. (2014). Twin picks: Disentangling the determinants of risk-taking in household portfolios. Journal of Finance, 69(2), 867–906.
Campbell, J. Y. (2006). Household finance. Journal of Finance, 61(4), 1553–1604.
Carroll, C. D. (1992). The buffer-stock theory of saving – Some macroeconomic evidence. Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, 2, 61–135.
Carroll, C. D., & Samwick, A. A. (1997). The nature of precautionary wealth. Journal of Monetary Economics, 40(1), 41–71.
Carroll, C. D., & Samwick, A. A. (1998). How important is precautionary saving? Review of Economics and Statistics, 80(3), 410–419.
Charles, K. K., & Hurst, E. (2003). The correlation of wealth across generations. Journal of Political Economy, 111(6), 1155–1182.
Chen, M. K. (2013). The effect of language on economic behavior: Evidence from savings rates, health behaviors, and retirement assets. American Economic Review, 103(2), 690–731.
Chetty, R., Friedman, J. N., Leth-Petersen, S., Nielsen, T. H., & Olsen, T. (2014a). Active vs. passive decisions and crowd-out in retirement savings accounts: Evidence from Denmark. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 129(3), 1141–1219.
Chetty, R., Hendren, N., Kline, P., & Saez, E. (2014b). Where is the land of opportunity? The geography of intergenerational mobility in the United States. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 129(4), 1553–1623.
Choi, J. J. (2022). Popular personal financial advice versus the professors. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 36(4), 167–192.
Cronqvist, H., & Siegel, S. (2014). The genetics of investment biases. Journal of Financial Economics, 113(2), 215–234.
Cronqvist, H., & Siegel, S. (2015). The origins of savings behavior. Journal of Political Economy, 123(1), 123–169.
De Nardi, M., & Fella, G. (2017). Saving and wealth inequality. Review of Economic Dynamics, 26, 280–300.
Duflo, E., & Saez, E. (2002). Participation and investment decisions in a retirement plan: The influence of colleagues' choices. Journal of Public Economics, 85(1), 121–148.
Duflo, E., & Saez, E. (2003). The role of information and social interactions in retirement plan decisions: Evidence from a randomized experiment. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 118(3), 815–842.
Dynan, K., Skinner, J., & Zeldes, S. (2004). Do the rich save more? Journal of Political Economy, 112(2), 397–444.
Epper, T., Fehr, E., Fehr-Duda, H., Kreiner, C. T., Lassen, D. D., Leth-Petersen, S., & Rasmussen, G. N. (2020). Time discounting and wealth inequality. American Economic Review, 110(4), 1177–1205.
Ericson, K. M., & Laibson, D. (2019). Intertemporal choice. In D. Bernheim, D. Laibson, & S. DellaVigna (Eds.), Handbook of behavioral economics – Foundations and applications (Vol. 2, pp. 1–67). Elsevier.
Fagereng, A., Gottlieb, C., & Guiso, L. (2017). Asset market participation and portfolio choice over the life-cycle. Journal of Finance, 72(2), 705–750.
Fagereng, A., Holm, M., Moll, B., & Natvik, G. (2019). Saving behavior across the wealth distribution: The importance of capital gains [Working Paper].
Fagereng, A., Mogstad, M., & Ronning, M. (2021). Why do wealthy parents have wealthy children? Journal of Political Economy, 129(3), 703–756.
Friedman, M. (1957). A theory of the consumption function. Princeton University Press.
Fuchs-Schundeln, N. (2008). The response of household saving to the large shock of German reunification. American Economic Review, 98(5), 1798–1828.
Ganong, P., & Noel, P. (2019). Consumer spending during unemployment: Positive and normative implications. American Economic Review, 109(7), 2383–2424.
Gomes, F., Haliassos, M., & Ramadorai, T. (2021). Household finance. Journal of Economic Literature, 59(3), 919–1000.
Guin, B. (2016). Culture and Household Saving [Working Paper].
Heimer, R. Z., Myrseth, K. O. R., & Schoenle, R. S. (2019). YOLO: Mortality beliefs and household finance puzzles. Journal of Finance, 74(6), 2957–2996.
Hoechle, D., Ruenzi, S., Schaub, N., & Schmid, M. (2023). Financial advice and retirement savings [Working Paper].
Hubler, P. M. A. (2018). Heritability of time preference: Evidence from German twin data. Kyklos, 71(3), 433–455.
Kueng, L. (2018). Excess sensitivity of high-income consumers. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 133(4), 1693–1751.
Lusardi, A., & Mitchell, O. S. (2011). Financial literacy and planning: Implications for retirement wellbeing [NBER Working Paper].
Lusardi, A., & Mitchell, O. S. (2014). The economic importance of financial literacy: Theory and evidence. Journal of Economic Literature, 52(1), 5–44.
Modigliani, F., & Brumberg, R. (1954). Utility analysis and the consumption function: An interpretation of cross-section data. In K. K. Kurihara (Ed.), Post-Keynesian economics (pp. 388–436). Rutgers University Press.
Mogstad, M., & Torsvik, G. (2022). Family background, neighborhoods and intergenerational mobility [Working Paper].
Mugerman, Y., Sade, O., & Shayo, M. (2014). Long term savings decisions: Financial reform, peer effects and ethnicity. Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 106, 235–253.
Piketty, T. (2014). Capital in the twenty-first century. Harvard University Press.
Saez, E., & Zucman, G. (2016). Wealth inequality in the United States since 1913: Evidence from capitalized income tax data. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 131(2), 519–578.
Straub, L. (2019). Consumption, savings, and the distribution of permanent income [Working Paper].
Venti, S., & Wise, D. (1998). The cause of wealth dispersion at retirement: Choice or chance? American Economic Review, 88(2), 185–191.
Zinman, J. (2015). Household debt: Facts, puzzles, theories, and policies. Annual Review of Economics, 7(7), 251–276.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2023 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Hoechle, D., Graef, F. (2023). Household Saving in Times of Crisis. In: Hüttche, T. (eds) Finance in Crises. Contributions to Finance and Accounting. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-48071-3_13
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-48071-3_13
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-031-48070-6
Online ISBN: 978-3-031-48071-3
eBook Packages: Economics and FinanceEconomics and Finance (R0)