Abstract
Transit Oriented Development (TOD) has become a widely used urban development methodology the world over. On the one hand, it is hailed as a highly effective manner through which to bring about sustainable, mixed-use, compact and sustainable cities. On the other hand, it has received strong criticism for the manner by which it can segregate cities between the wealthy and the poor. In the face of this, equitable TOD (eTOD) has gained weight, where more recent research in the Global North has offered insights into how the displacement of vulnerable urban residents living in TOD development areas can be mitigated. This article aims to give an overview of some of the current thinking in TOD and eTOD methodologies, and in doing so offer a useful backbone of some of the relevant literature for anyone who might be carrying out research in the field.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Notes
- 1.
According to Thomas and Bertolini (2020) up to 800 m in some places, and up to 3600 m if travelling by bicycle in the Netherlands. May I add however, the 400 m in Quito depends on if you are going up a (very steep) uphill, or with the prospect of an unsafe alley, factors which the new legislation has tried to take partially into account.
- 2.
It also makes time a premium, with the low-income resident having to travel and give up their (non) free time to participate in a forum in which they might have language issues. Compare this with a public employee or local NGO representative, who is fluent in English and might have participating in such forums as an expected activity of their stable-salary job.
References
Bardaka, E., & Hersey, J. (2018). Transit-oriented development is more transit-oriented when it’s affordable housing. Transit Centre. Accessed 27 Nov 2021.
Calthorpe, P. (1993). The next American metropolis: Ecology, community, and the American dream. Princeton architectural press.
Chapple, K., & Loukaitou-Sideris, A. (2019). Transit-oriented displacement or community dividends?: Understanding the effects of smarter growth on communities. MIT Press.
Chatman, D., Xu, R., Park, J., & Spevack, A. (2019). Does transit-oriented gentrification increase driving? Journal of Planning Education and Research, 39(4), 482–495.
Enright, T. (2013). Mass transportation in the Neoliberal city: The mobilizing myths of the grand Paris express. Environment and Planning a: Economy and Space, 45(4), 797–813.
Gordon, P., & Richardson, H. (2000). Critiquing sprawl's critics. Policy Analysis NO. 365. Washington, DC: Cato Institute. Available at: http://www.debunkingportland.com/printables/pa365.pdf.
Harrison, P., Rubin, M., Appelbaum, A., & Dittgen, R. (2019). Corridors of freedom: Analyzing Johannesburg’s Ambitious inclusionary transit-oriented development. Journal of Planning Education and Research, 39(4), 456–468.
He, S., Tao, S., Hou, Y., & Jiang, W. (2018). Mass Transit Railway, transit-oriented development and spatial justice: The competition for prime residential locations in Hong Kong since the 1980s. Town Planning Review., 89(5), 467–493.
Joshi, R., Joseph, Y., Patel, K., & Darji, V. (2017). Transit-Oriented Development: Lessons from International Experiences. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/317580038_Transit-Oriented_Development_Lessons_from_International_Experiences.
Luckey, K. (2018). Affordable for whom? Introducing an improved measure for assessing impacts of transportation decisions on housing affordability for households with limited means. Research in Transportation Business & Management. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rtbm.2018.04.003
Lung-Amam, W., Pendall, R., Scott, M., & Knaap, E. (2015). Equitable transit-oriented development in diverse suburbs: Promise and Challenge. Accessed April, 12.
Lung-Amam, W., Pendall, R., & Knaap, E. (2019). Mi casa no es su casa: The fight for Equitable transit-oriented development in an inner-ring suburb. Journal of Planning Education and Research, 39(4), 442–455.
Papa, E., & Bertolini, L. (2015). Accessibility and transit-oriented development in european metropolitan areas. Journal of Transport Geography, 47, 70–83. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2015.07.003.
Renne John and Appleyard Bruce. (2019). Twenty-five years in the making: TOD as a new name for an enduring concept. Journal of Planning Education and Research, 39(4), 402–408.
Rizzo, M. (2014). The political economy of an urban megaproject: The bus rapid transit project in Tanzania. African Affairs, 114(455), 249–270.
Rizzo, M. (2017). Taken for a ride: Grounding neoliberalism, precarious labour, and public transport in an African metropolis. Critical Frontiers of Theory, Research, and Policy in International Development Studies. Oxford University Press, Oxford, New York.
Rizzo, M. (2018). Neoliberalizing infrastructure and its discontents: The bus rapid transit project in Dar es Salaam. In: Enright, T., Rossi, U. (Eds.) The Urban Political. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-64534-6_6.
Salat, S., & Ollivier, G. (2017). Transforming the Urban space through transit-oriented development: The 3V Approach. World Bank.
Sandoval, G. (2016). Developing a model for transit oriented development in latino immigrant communities: A national study of equity and TOD. NITC-RR-762. Portland, OR: Transportation Research and Education Center (TREC). https://doi.org/10.15760/trec.160.
Sandoval, G. F. (2018). Planning the barrio: Ethnic identity and struggles over transit-oriented, development-induced gentrification. Journal of Planning Education and Research, 0739456X18793714.
Suzuki, H., Murakami, J., Yu-H, H., & Tamayose, B. (2015). Financing transit-oriented development with land values: Adapting land value capture in developing countries. The World Bank
Thomas, R., & Bertolini, L. (2020). Transit-Oriented Development, Learning from International Case Studies. Palgrave Pivot, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-48470-5.
van Geet Marijn, Lenferink Sander, Arts Jos, & Leendertse Wim. (2019). Understanding the ongoing struggle for land use and transport integration: Institutional incongruence in the Dutch national planning process. Transport Policy, 73, 84-100.
Venter, C., Jennings, G., Hidalgo, D., & Valderrama, A. (2017). The equity impacts of bus rapid transit: A review of the evidence and implications for sustainable transport. International Journal of Sustainable Transportation, 12, 140–152. https://doi.org/10.1080/15568318.2017.1340528
Acknowledgements
Thanks is extended to Professor Tim Schwanen, for his guidance in the drafting of this paper. Additionally, Arch. Jaire Cagigal for her help in drafting up the final version for publication.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2024 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Davis, M.M. (2024). Equitable TOD (eTOD): Current Thinking and Solutions for the Future. In: Alberti, F., Gallo, P., Matamanda, A.R., Strauss, E.J. (eds) Resilient Planning and Design for Sustainable Cities. UPADSD 2022. Advances in Science, Technology & Innovation. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-47794-2_28
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-47794-2_28
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-031-47793-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-031-47794-2
eBook Packages: Earth and Environmental ScienceEarth and Environmental Science (R0)