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How the Microbiome Affects the Risk for Colon Cancer

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Clinical Understanding of the Human Gut Microbiome

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Abstract

The microbiome has been implicated in numerous cancers, most notably cancers along the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and, more recently, non-GI cancers such as lung and breast. The colon is home to the richest and densest community of microbes in the human body, and, perhaps not surprisingly, reports some of the strongest links with cancer risk other than Helicobacter pylori and gastric cancer. The gut microbiome has the vast potential to modulate human biology via its diverse array of metabolic functions including aiding in food digestion, maintenance of epithelial and immune homeostasis, drug metabolism, and toxin production. In this chapter, the key microbes and microbially driven mechanisms that are thought to contribute to colorectal cancer (CRC) are discussed, including driver bacteria, microbially mediated effects of a Western diet, and the microbiome as an intermediary between inflammatory bowel disease and CRC.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    We sincerely apologize to colleagues whose work we were unable to include due to space constraints.

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We sincerely apologize to colleagues whose work we were unable to include due to space constraints.

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Acknowledgements

Figures were created with BioRender.com. JLD is supported by R00CA230192. APB is supported by the Crohn’s and Colitis Foundation, the Global Probiotics Council, and the University Cancer Research Fund.

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  1. Julia L. Drewes and Aadra P. Bhatt contributed equally with all other contributors.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Julia L. Drewes

  2. Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, Chapel Hill, NC, USA

    Aadra P. Bhatt

  3. Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA

    Aadra P. Bhatt

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Correspondence to Aadra P. Bhatt .

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  1. Medically Associated Science and Technology (MAST) Program, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, West Hollywood, CA, USA

    Mark Pimentel

  2. Medically Associated Science and Technology (MAST) Program, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, West Hollywood, CA, USA

    Ruchi Mathur

  3. Medically Associated Science and Technology (MAST) Program, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, West Hollywood, CA, USA

    Gillian M. Barlow

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Drewes, J.L., Bhatt, A.P. (2023). How the Microbiome Affects the Risk for Colon Cancer. In: Pimentel, M., Mathur, R., Barlow, G.M. (eds) Clinical Understanding of the Human Gut Microbiome. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-46712-7_7

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