Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Sleep Breathing Disorders: Basic Pharmacology, Classification, and Clinical Trial Drugs

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Pharmacology in Noninvasive Ventilation

Part of the book series: Noninvasive Ventilation. The Essentials ((NVE))

  • 103 Accesses

Abstract

Diagnostic classification of sleep disorders is important because it improves awareness of the conditions, provides broad differential diagnosis, and facilitates a systematic diagnostic approach. These include seven major categories: insomnia, sleep-related breathing disorders, parasomnias, sleep-related movement disorders, central disorders of hypersomnolence, circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorders, and other sleep disorders.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. American Academy of Sleep Medicine. International Classification of Sleep Disorders third edition. Darien IL: American Academy of Sleep Medicine; 2014.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Young T, Palta M, et al. The occurrence of sleep-disordered breathing among middle-aged adults. N Engl J Med. 1993;328:1230.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Young T, Evans L, et al. Estimation of the clinically diagnosed proportion of sleep apnea syndrome in middle-aged men and women. Sleep. 1997;20:705–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Tietjens JR, Claman D, et al. Obstructive sleep apnea in cardiovascular disease: a review of the literature and proposed multidisciplinary clinical management strategy. J Am Heart Assoc. 2019;8:e010440.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Qaseem A, Holty JE, Owens DK, et al. Management of obstructive sleep apnea in adults: a clinical practice guideline from the American College of Physicians. Ann Intern Med. 2013;159:471.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Stepanski EJ, Wyatt JK. Use of sleep hygiene in the treatment of insomnia. Sleep Med Rev. 2003;7:215.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Tuomilehto HP, Seppä JM, Partinen MM, et al. Lifestyle intervention with weight reduction: first-line treatment in mild obstructive sleep apnea. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2009;179:320.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Eijsvogel MM, Ubbink R, Dekker J, et al. Sleep position trainer versus tennis ball technique in positional obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. J Clin Sleep Med. 2015;11:139.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  9. Jordan AS, McSharry DG, Malhotra A. Adult obstructive sleep apnoea. Lancet. 2014;383:736.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Giles TL, Lasserson TJ, Smith BJ, et al. Continuous positive airways pressure for obstructive sleep apnoea in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2006;(1):CD001106.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Kent D, Stanley J, Aurora RN, et al. Referral of adults with obstructive sleep apnea for surgical consultation: an American Academy of Sleep Medicine clinical practice guideline. J Clin Sleep Med. 2021;17:2499.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  12. Arredondo E, DeLeon M, Masozera I, Panahi L, Udeani G, Tran N, Nguyen CK, Atphaisit C, de la Sota B, Gonzalez G Jr, Liou E, Mayo Z, Nwosu J, Shiver TL. Overview of the role of pharmacological management of obstructive sleep apnea. Medicina (Kaunas). 2022;58(2):225.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Malhotra A, Mesarwi O, Pepin J-L, Owens RL. Endotypes and phenotypes in obstructive sleep apnea. Curr Opin Pulm Med. 2020;26:609–14.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  14. Blackman A, Foster GD, Zammit G, Rosenberg R, Aronne L, Wadden T, Claudius B, Jensen CB, Mignot E. Effect of liraglutide 3.0 mg in individuals with obesity and moderate or severe obstructive sleep apnea: the SCALE Sleep Apnea randomized clinical trial. Int J Obes. 2016;40:1310–9.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Rössner S, Sjöström L, Noack R, Meinders AE, Noseda G. Weight loss, weight maintenance, and improved cardiovascular risk factors after 2 years treatment with orlistat for obesity. European Orlistat Obesity Study Group. Obes Res. 2000;8(1):49–61.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Winslow DH, Bowden CH, DiDonato KP, McCullough PA. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of an oral, extended-release formulation of phentermine/topiramate for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea in obese adults. Sleep. 2012;35:1529–39.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  17. An Y, Li Y, Kang D, Sharama-Adhikari SK, Xu W, Li Y, Han D. The effects of nasal decongestion on obstructive sleep apnoea. Am J Otolaryngol. 2019;40:52–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Wijesuriya NS, Eckert DJ, Jordan AS, Schembri R, Lewis C, Meaklim H, Booker L, Brown D, Graco M, Berlowitz DJ. A randomised controlled trial of nasal decongestant to treat obstructive sleep apnoea in people with cervical spinal cord injury. Spinal Cord. 2019;57:579–85.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Terrill PI, Edwards BA, et al. Quantifying the ventilatory control contribution to sleep apnoea using polysomnography. Eur Respir J. 2015;45(2):408–18.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Whyte KF, Gould GA, Airlie MAA, Shapiro CM, Douglas NJ. Role of protriptyline and acetazolamide in the sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome. Sleep. 1988;11:463–72.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Taranto-Montemurro L, Messineo L, Wellman A. Targeting endotypic traits with medications for the pharmacological treatment of obstructive sleep apnea. A review of the current literature. J Clin Med. 2019;1846:8.

    Google Scholar 

  22. Bradley TD, Logan AG, Kimoff RJ, et al. Continuous positive airway pressure for central sleep apnea and heart failure. N Engl J Med. 2005;353:2025.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Naughton MT, Benard DC, Liu PP, et al. Effects of nasal CPAP on sympathetic activity in patients with heart failure and central sleep apnea. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1995;152:473.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Ni YN, Yang H, Thomas RJ. The role of acetazolamide in sleep apnea at sea level: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Sleep Med. 2021;17:1295.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  25. Berry RB, et al. The AASM manual for the scoring of sleep and associated events: rules, terminology and technical specifications, version 2.0.3. American Academy of Sleep Medicine; 2014.

    Google Scholar 

  26. Martí-Valeri C, Sabaté A, Masdevall C, Dalmau A. Improvement of associated respiratory problems in morbidly obese patients after open Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Obes Surg. 2007;17:1102.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Lumachi F, Marzano B, Fanti G, et al. Relationship between body mass index, age and hypoxemia in patients with extremely severe obesity undergoing bariatric surgery. In Vivo. 2010;24:775.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Berry RB, Chediak A, Brown LK, et al. Best clinical practices for the sleep center adjustment of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV) in stable chronic alveolar hypoventilation syndromes. J Clin Sleep Med. 2010;6:491.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Powers MA. Obesity hypoventilation syndrome: bicarbonate concentration and acetazolamide. Respir Care. 2010;55:1504.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Sanders MH, Newman AB, Haggerty CL, et al. Sleep and sleep-disordered breathing in adults with predominantly mild obstructive airway disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2003;167:7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Jacobs SS, Lederer DJ, Garvey CM, et al. Optimizing home oxygen therapy. An official American Thoracic Society Workshop Report. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2018;15(12):1369–81.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. Home oxygen therapy. Department of Health and Human Services; 2015.

    Google Scholar 

  33. Hardinge M, et al. British Thoracic Society guidelines for home oxygen use in adults. Thorax. 2015;70:i1–i43.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Dunn WF, Nelson SB, Hubmayr RD. Oxygen-induced hypercarbia in obstructive pulmonary disease. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1991;144:526.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Bignold J, et al. Poor long-term patient compliance with the tennis ball technique for treating positional obstructive sleep apnea. J Clin Sleep Med. 2009;5:428–30.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Pneumology Department, Hospital Garcia de Orta Almada Portugal, Almada, Portugal

    João Portela & Júlia Silva

Authors
  1. João Portela
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Júlia Silva
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Intensive Care Unit, Hospital General Universitario Morales M, Murcia, Murcia, Spain

    Antonio M. Esquinas

  2. Medicine, Pulmonary Critical Care Medicine, Northern Westchester Hospital, Mount Kisco, NY, USA

    Bushra Mina

  3. Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy

    Savino Spadaro

  4. Anesthesiology and Pediatric Intensive Care, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Roma, Italy

    Daniela Perrotta

  5. Anesthesiology and Pediatric Intensive Care, UOC ARCO Palidoro Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Roma, Italy

    Francesco De Sanctis

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2023 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Portela, J., Silva, J. (2023). Sleep Breathing Disorders: Basic Pharmacology, Classification, and Clinical Trial Drugs. In: Esquinas, A.M., Mina, B., Spadaro, S., Perrotta, D., De Sanctis, F. (eds) Pharmacology in Noninvasive Ventilation. Noninvasive Ventilation. The Essentials. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-44626-9_17

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-44626-9_17

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-031-44625-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-031-44626-9

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation