Abstract
There is great potential for 3D concrete printing to revolutionize the construction industry in the near future. A major aspect of this technology transfer to the practical application will be the ability to control and mitigate the shrinkage of printed elements and shrinkage-related cracking. In the first hours after extrusion, 3D-printed concrete elements are subjected to the accelerated evaporation of the water. This leads to the development of high negative capillary pressure in the system. Before solidification, primary negative capillary pressure is responsible for the volumetric contractions of the 3D-printed concrete elements and subsequently cracking. Over time, printed structures with cracks degrade their durability, functionality, and aesthetics. Mitigating plastic shrinkage and shrinkage cracking is essential for 3D-printing sustainable and durable structures. The article analyses the cracking of the 3D-printed elements having different cross-sections of the layers. It was found that concrete elements printed with thin filaments are more susceptible to plastic shrinkage cracking than those printed with thicker filaments.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Combrinck, R.: Theory for the early age plastic cracking behaviour of concrete. In: Proceedings of The 9th fib International PhD Symposium in Civil Engineering, pp. 447–453 (2012). https://doi.org/10.5445/KSP/1000028287
Ghourchian S, Butler M, Krüger M et al (2021) Modelling the development of capillary pressure in freshly 3D-printed concrete elements. Cem Concr Res 145:106457. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2021.106457
Ivanova I, Ivaniuk E, Bisetti S et al (2022) Comparison between methods for indirect assessment of buildability in fresh 3D printed mortar and concrete. Cem Concr Res 156:106764. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2022.106764
Kayondo M, Combrinck R, Boshoff WP (2019) State-of-the-art review on plastic cracking of concrete. Constr Build Mater 225:886–899. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.07.197
Markin, S., Mechtcherine, V.: Measuring plastic shrinkage and related cracking of 3d printed concretes. In: Buswell, R., Blanco, A., Cavalaro, S., et al.: Third RILEM International Conference on Concrete and Digital Fabrication. Digital Concrete 2022, 1st ed. 2022, vol 37. Springer International Publishing; Imprint Springer, Cham, pp. 446–452 (2022)
Markin, S., Mechtcherine, V.: Methods for measuring plastic shrinkage and related cracking of 3D-printed concrete. J Phys.: Conf Ser 2423, 12036 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2423/1/012036
Markin, S., Mechtcherine, V.: Quantification of plastic shrinkage and plastic shrinkage cracking of the 3D printable concretes using 2D digital image correlation. Cement and Concrete Composites, 105050 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2023.105050
Mechtcherine V, Nerella VN, Will F et al (2019) Large-scale digital concrete construction – CONPrint3D concept for on-site, monolithic 3D-printing. Autom Constr 107:102933. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autcon.2019.102933
Moelich, G.M.: Plastic shrinkage cracking and other evaporation-related impairments in 3D printed and cast concrete. Dissertation, Stellenbosch University (2021)
Rooij, M.: Self-Healing Phenomena in Cement-Based Materials. State-of-the-Art Report of RILEM Technical Committee 221-SHC: Self-Healing Phenomena in Cement-Based Materials, 1st ed. RILEM State-Of-the-Art Reports, vol 11. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht (2013)
van der Putten J, Snoeck D, de Coensel R et al (2021) Early age shrinkage phenomena of 3D printed cementitious materials with superabsorbent polymers. J. Building Eng. 35:102059. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2020.102059
Wittmann, F.H.: Heresies on creep and shrinkage mechanisms. In: Creep, Shrinkage and Durability Mechanics of Concrete and Concrete Structures, Two Volume Set: Proceedings of the CONCREEP 8 Conference held in Ise-Shima, Japan, 1, pp. 3–9 (2008)
Acknowledgements
This work is part of S. Markin’s PhD research and is funded by the Deutsche For-schungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation), Project Number 424803818.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2024 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Markin, S., Mechtcherine, V. (2024). The Effect of Layer Cross-Section on Plastic Shrinkage Cracking of 3D-Printed Concrete Elements. In: Barros, J.A.O., Kaklauskas, G., Zavadskas, E.K. (eds) Modern Building Materials, Structures and Techniques. MBMST 2023. Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, vol 392. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-44603-0_30
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-44603-0_30
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-031-44602-3
Online ISBN: 978-3-031-44603-0
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)