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Hydrogen Sulfide for the Treatment of Hypertensive Nephropathy and Calcium-Based Nephrolithiasis

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Hydrogen Sulfide in Kidney Diseases

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Abstract

Hypertension is a major public health problem globally. It is the most common cause of cardiovascular morbidities and mortalities, with a negative impact on renal function. Uncontrolled hypertension causes chronic kidney disease, which progresses to end-stage renal disease and eventually loss of renal function. Unfortunately, the mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of hypertension and its associated nephropathy is still poorly understood. Also worrying is the fact that despite conventional antihypertensive therapies, achievement of blood pressure control and preservation of renal function still remain a worldwide public health challenge in a significant subpopulation of hypertensive patients. This suggests the need for novel pharmacotherapeutic approaches to curb the problem. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), the third established member of the gasotransmitter family after nitric oxide and carbon monoxide, has been recognized and established to possess antihypertensive and renoprotective properties, which may represent an important therapeutic alternative for hypertensive nephropathy. In this chapter, recent findings from preclinical studies about the therapeutic effect of H2S against hypertensive nephropathy and its future clinical use are discussed. A section of the chapter also discusses recent developments about clinical and translational research on calcium-based nephrolithiasis as a risk factor for hypertensive nephropathy, with a further discussion on H2S as an emerging novel therapy to improve clinical outcome.

This chapter is an expanded version by the same author in the publication titled H2S as a possible therapeutic alternative for the treatment of hypertensive kidney injury. Nitric Oxide. 2017;64:52–60.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana

    George J. Dugbartey

  2. Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Accra College of Medicine, Accra, Ghana

    George J. Dugbartey

  3. Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, London Health Sciences Center, Western University, London, ON, Canada

    George J. Dugbartey

  4. Multi-Organ Transplant Program, London Health Sciences Center, Western University, London, ON, Canada

    George J. Dugbartey

  5. Matthew Mailing Center for Translational Transplant Studies, London Health Sciences Center, Western University, London, ON, Canada

    George J. Dugbartey

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Dugbartey, G.J. (2023). Hydrogen Sulfide for the Treatment of Hypertensive Nephropathy and Calcium-Based Nephrolithiasis. In: Hydrogen Sulfide in Kidney Diseases. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-44041-0_5

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