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Chemical and Biochemical Features of Spinasterol and Schottenol

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Implication of Oxysterols and Phytosterols in Aging and Human Diseases

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 1440))

Abstract

Phytosterols, which are produced in plants, are structurally similar to cholesterol. Their basic structures consist of a cyclo pentano-perhydrophenanthrene nucleus composed of 3 hexane rings and of a pentane ring with an alkyl side chain. There are around more than 250 phytosterols and related compounds that have been identified in natural resources. Among them, spinasterol and schottenol, its dihydro analog, are often found in seeds, and consequently in seed oils, and in other botanical parts of some plant families such as Sapotaceae, Cactaceae, and Cucurbitaceae. Spinasterol and/or schottenol has been identified in dietary and cosmetic argan oil, milk thistle seed oil, nigella seed oil, and pumkin seed oil. These phytosterols that have several bioactive properties make them potentially attractive molecules in pharmacology. Their chemical and biochemical features are summarized and the analytical methods used to characterize and analyze these compounds are presented.

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Abbreviations

GC:

Gas chromatography

GC-MS:

Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

HPLC:

High-performance liquid chromatography

HPLC-UV-DAD:

HPLC-ultra violet-diode array detector.

HPLC-UV-VWD:

HPLC-ultra violet-variable wavelength detector

NMR:

Nuclear magnetic resonance

RP-HPLC:

Reverse-phase HPLC

TMS:

Trimethylsilyl

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Biology Department, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Moulay Ismail University of Meknes, Errachidia, Morocco

    Farid Khallouki & Wafa Zennouhi

  2. Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University of Meknes, Meknes, Morocco

    Farid Khallouki & Lhoussain Hajji

  3. Bio-PeroxIL Laboratory, EA7270, University of Bourgogne & Inserm, Dijon, France

    Mohamed Ksila, Imen Ghzaiel, Soukaina Essadek, Mounia Tahri Joutey, Samah Maaloul, Pierre Andreoletti,  Mustapha-Cherkaoui-Malki, Anne Vejux & Gérard Lizard

  4. Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Cellular Physiopathology and Valorisation of Biomolecules, (LR18ES03), Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia

    Mohamed Ksila, Taoufik Ghrairi & Olfa Masmoudi-Kouki

  5. Faculty of Medicine, Laboratory ‘Nutrition, Functional Food and Vascular Health’ (LR12ES05), University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia

    Imen Ghzaiel & Amira Zarrouk

  6. Laboratory of Biochimistry, Neuroscience, Natural Resources and Environment, Faculty of Science and Technology, University Hassan I, Settat, Morocco

    Soukaina Essadek, Mounia Tahri Joutey & Boubker Nasser

  7. Laboratory of Rangeland Ecosystems and Valorization of Spontaneous Plants and Associated Microorganisms (LR16IRA03), Arid Regions Institute, University of Gabes, Medenine, Tunisia

    Samah Maaloul & Raoudha Abdellaoui

  8. Unité de Biologie et Recherches Moléculaires, Département Sciences du Vivant, Centre National de l’Energie, des Sciences et Techniques Nucléaires (CNESTEN), Rabat, Morocco

    Laila Benbacer

  9. Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ibn Zohr University, Laayoune, Morocco

    Mohamed Bourhia

  10. LIP-MB ‘Laboratory of Protein Engineering and Bioactive Molecules’, National Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology, LR11ES26, University of Carthage, Tunis, Tunisia

    Leila Rezig

  11. High Institute of Food Industries, University of Carthage, Tunis, Tunisia

    Leila Rezig

  12. Laboratory of Chemistry and Physics Multi-Scale Approach to Complex Environments, Department of Chemistry, University Lorraine, Metz, France

    Sandrine Rup-Jacques & Mohammad Samadi

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  1. Farid Khallouki
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  2. Mohamed Ksila
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  22. Gérard Lizard
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Correspondence to Gérard Lizard .

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  1. Department of Biochemistry (Biochemstry of the peroxisome, inflammation and lipid metabolism), University of Bourgogne & Inserm, Dijon, France

    Gérard Lizard

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Khallouki, F. et al. (2024). Chemical and Biochemical Features of Spinasterol and Schottenol. In: Lizard, G. (eds) Implication of Oxysterols and Phytosterols in Aging and Human Diseases. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 1440. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-43883-7_3

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