Abstract
This chapter explores The Faerie Queene’s Hydran beasts in analogy with its regenerating, stanza-outrunning rhymes. While the only actual hydras in The Faerie Queene are the ‘Spring-headed Hydres’ of the Idle Lake, a number of the poem’s monstrous beasts are compared directly to the Hydra, or are otherwise drawn into its imagistic ecology. This chapter shows how Spenser connects the threat of snaky generativity not just to the Hydra’s regenerative power, but also to the scourge of unruly writing and, in The Teares of the Muses, rhyme in particular. In The Teares of the Muses, Spenser’s metaphor of rhymes as ‘fruitfull spawne’ suggests a likeness between the proliferation of ‘vulgar’ rhyme in English verse and the generation of snaky beings in ‘ranke’ environments. Moving between The Faerie Queene’s snaky creatures, its ‘fruitfull’ rhymes, and the early modern contexts for each, this chapter tracks a structural homology between the poem’s rhymes and its Hydran beasts. It introduces new data on rhyme’s repetitions in The Faerie Queene (the Table of Run-on Rhymes in the appendix), revealing the poem’s rhyme to be not only ‘fruitfull-headed’, but recurrently in excess of the poem’s more consciously ‘artificial’ metrics.
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Notes
- 1.
All quotations from The Faerie Queene refer to Spenser (2013).
- 2.
For detailed analysis of Errour’s connections to the anxious early modern ‘typographic imaginary’, see Stenner (2019).
- 3.
All line numbers for The Teares of the Muses (abbr. ‘TM’) refer to McCabe, ed. (1999).
- 4.
See also Todd Borlik’s chapter in this volume.
- 5.
Francis Meres similarly observes: ‘water is the cause of moorish groundes, fens, myres, and muddy places, where nothing engendreth but Toades, Frogs, Snakes, and such like foule vermine’ (Meres 1598, 301). See also, George Gascoigne: ‘you are not ignoraunt (welbeloued) what groweth in Fens: for […] therein breede Serpentes & sundrie kinds of Worms […]’ (Gascoigne 1576, A9r-v); John Skelton: ‘By the venemous Serpent, / That in hel is neuer brente / In Lerna the Grekes fen / That was engendred then’ (Skelton 1568, U4r).
- 6.
With irony, Jonson rhymes about rhyme ‘Wresting words, from their true calling / […] / Joynting Syllabes, drowning Letters / […]’ (Jonson 1641, 196). More seriously, Dudley North contends: ‘It cannot bee good in limited lines […] to dismember an innocent word, that every child according to nature, and use, in spelling would put together’ (North 1645, 3).
- 7.
This average reflects a total run-on count of 600, adjusted lower so as not to double count those instances in which consecutive stanzas are linked by two distinct run-ons (e.g., III.ii.5–6; II.ix.43–44), nor those instances in which more than one rhyme cluster collaborates in the same run-on between consecutive stanzas (e.g., I.v.7–8; IV.vi.20–21).
- 8.
This phenomenon recurs, perhaps even more intensely, in The Faerie Queene (see Dubow 2022).
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Appendix
Appendix
The following Table of Run-on Rhymes (divided into sections A1–A9) gives details of The Faerie Queene’s run-on rhymes (Books I–VI), using the text of Hamilton’s revised 2013 Longman edition. This table excludes run-ons that bridge distinct books, and excludes the rhymes of the Arguments. Run-ons which change orthography between stanzas are italicised. Where a rhyme terminal is spelled differently within a stanza, / indicates an equal mix between two different spellings and [ ] indicates a single exception to an otherwise dominant spelling. Where [ ] is shown around a book, canto and stanza reference, this indicates a run-on that appears only in the 1590 ending to Book III. An * preceding a book, canto and stanza reference indicates a stanza in which the same rhyme terminal is used for more than one rhyme (e.g. both the a-rhyme and b-rhyme are on -ight).
A1 c-rhyme to a-rhyme run-ons | A2 c-rhyme to b-rhyme run-ons | A3 b-rhyme to a-rhyme run-ons | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Book, canto and stanza numbers | c-rhyme ending | a-rhyme ending | Book, canto and stanza numbers | c-rhyme ending | b-rhyme ending | Book, canto and stanza numbers | b-rhyme ending | a-rhyme ending |
I.i.30–31 | -ell | -ell | I.ii.9–10 | -ake | -ake | I.ii.42–43 | -ight | -ight |
I.ii.14–15 | -ide | -ide | I.iv.17–18 | -ide | -yde | I.iv.24–25 | -eare | -aire/-are |
I.iii.31–32 | -ound | -ound | I.iv.40–41 | -ight | -ight | I.ix.25–26 | -ee [-ie] | -e/-ee/-y |
I.iv.20–21 | -y | -y | *I.v.7–8 | -ight | -ight | *I.x.23–24 | -ight | -ight |
*I.v.7–8 | -ight | -ight | *I.v.15–16 | -ie | -ee | I.x.62–63 | -aine | -aine |
*I.v.8–9 | -ight | -ight | I.vi.4–5 | -ye | -ee | I.xi.52–53 | -ide/-yde | -yde |
I.v.10–11 | -ake | -ake | I.vii.14–15 | -ake | -ake | I.xii.28–29 | -ead | -ed |
I.vi.13–14 | -ound | -ound | I.vii.22–23 | -yde [-ide] | -yde | II.v.15–16 | -arre | -arre |
I.vii.3–4 | -eet | -eat | I.vii.46–47 | -ight | -ight | II.v.25–26 | -ight | -ight |
I.vii.43–44 | -y | -y | I.x.27–28 | -ore | -ore | II.vii.38–39 | -ee | -ee |
I.viii.47–48 | -ind | -ind | I.x.49–50 | -ight | -ight | II.viii.47–48 | -ye/-y | -ye |
I.ix.6–7 | -ight | -ight | I.xi.49–50 | -ight | -ight | II.ix.14–15 | -aine | -aine |
I.ix.43–44 | -ay | -ay | I.xii.36–37 | -yde [-ide] | -ide | II.x.14–15 | -art | -art |
I.ix.52–53 | -ight | -ight | I.xii.38–39 | -y | -y [-ye] | II.xi.16–17 | -ight | -ight |
I.x.11–12 | -yse [-ise] | -ise | II.i.17–18 | -ight | -ight | II.xi.27–28 | -ew | -ew |
I.x.12–13 | -ight | -ite/-ight | II.iv.15–16 | -yre | -yre | II.xii.2–3 | -ight | -ight |
I.xi.15–16 | -eare | -eare | II.iv.41–42 | -ight | -ight | II.xii.31–32 | -y | -y |
I.xi.43–44 | -ight | -ight | II.v.11–12 | -ee | -ye [-y] | II.xii.46–47 | -all | -all |
I.xi.45–46 | -ide | -ide | II.v.18–19 | -ee | -ee | III.i.53–54 | -iefe | -iefe |
II.i.8–9 | -ake | -ake | II.viii.9–10 | -y | -ie | III.i.63–64 | -ownd | -ownd |
II.i.20–21 | -aine | -aine | II.ix.49–50 | -it | -it | III.ii.18–19 | -ight | -ight |
II.i.47–48 | -ee [-e] | -ee | II.xii.26–27 | -ye | -y | III.ii.34–35 | -y | -y/-ye |
II.i.58–59 | -ome | -ome | II.xii.59–60 | -y | -ee | III.ii.40–41 | -inde | -ynd |
II.ii.2–3 | -ee [-e] | -ee | III.i.29–30 | -ight | -ight | III.iii.7–8 | -ay | -ay |
II.iii.39–40 | -ee [-e] | -ee / -e | III.iii.39–40 | -y [-ye] | -y [-ye] | III.iv.20–21 | -ame | -ame |
II.v.37–38 | -ight | -ight | III.iv.23–24 | -eare | -eare | III.iv.38–39 | -ye [-y] | -ie |
II.vi.34–35 | -y [-I] | -y | III.iv.43–44 | -ight | -ight | III.v.51–52 | -owre | -owre |
II.vi.43–44 | -yde | -yde | III.iv.49–50 | -ent | -ent | III.vi.8–9 | -ion | -ion |
II.vii.46–47 | -y | -ee | III.v.5–6 | -ow | -o / -oe | III.vi.25–26 | -ent | -ent |
II.vii.59–60 | -ee | -e /-ee | III.v.38–39 | -ayd | -ade [-aide] | III.vii.19–20 | -ent | -ent |
II.ix.2–3 | -ead | -ead | III.vi.1–2 | -y | -ee | III.viii.39–40 | -est | -est |
II.ix.43–44 | -ee | -ee | III.viii.47–48 | -ee | -ee | III.ix.32–33 | -ame | -ame |
II.x.51–52 | -yde | -ide | III.viii.49–50 | -ay | -ay | III.x.18–19 | -ore | -ore |
II.xi.17–18 | -ye [-y] | -y | III.x.13–14 | -y | -y [-ye] | III.xi.4–5 | -inde | -inde |
II.xi.26–27 | -ace | -ace | III.x.37–38 | -ell | -ell | IV.ii.4–5 | -ight | -ight |
II.xi.35–36 | -ay | -ay | III.x.43–44 | -edd | -edd | IV.ii.27–28 | -ard | -ard |
II.xi.38–39 | -ight | -ight | III.x.48–49 | -ell | -ell | IV.iii.34–35 | -ield | -eld/-ield |
*II.xii.47–48 | -ee | -y | III.x.56–57 | -ight | -ight | IV.iv.41–42 | -ame | -ame |
*II.xii.74–75 | -ay | -ay | III.xi.18–19 | -y | -y/-I | IV.v.34–35 | -ent | -ent |
III.i.21–22 | -ay | -ay | III.xi.48–49 | -ye [-y] | -ee [-ie] | IV.viii.6–7 | -ew | -ew |
III.i.26–27 | -oue | -oue | III.xii.34–35 | -ee | -y | IV.viii.13–14 | -ead | -ed |
III.ii.9–10 | -ame | -ame | *IV.i.26–27 | -ed | -ed | IV.viii.46–47 | -aine | -aine |
III.ii.46–47 | -ight | -ight | IV.ii.14–15 | -end | -end | IV.x.31–32 | -ood | -ood |
III.iv.26–27 | -y | -y | IV.ii.51–52 | -ee | -ee | V.ii.3–4 | -eare | -ere |
III.v.8–9 | -ight | -ight | IV.vi.1–2 | -ide | -ide | V.ii.44–45 | -ight | -ight |
III.v.25–26 | -owne | -owne | IV.vi.36–37 | -eare | -eare | V.vi.18–19 | -ide | -ide |
III.v.45–46 | -y | -ee | IV.vii.13–14 | -one | -one [-owen] | V.vi.22–23 | -est | -est |
III.vi.4–5 | -are | -are/-ore | IV.viii.10–11 | -ay | -ay | V.vii.24–25 | -ought | -ought |
III.vii.20–21 | -ight | -ight | IV.viii.61–62 | -ay | -ay | V.viii.19–20 | -ay | -ay / -ia |
III.vii.36–37 | -ay | -ay | IV.ix.10–11 | -eare | -ere | V.ix.14–15 | -ew | -ew |
III.vii.44–45 | -ake | -ake | IV.x.14–15 | -ay | -ay | V.ix.28–29 | -old | -old |
III.vii.57–58 | -ee | -ee | IV.xi.12–13 | -ame | -ame | *V.x.29–30 | -one | -one |
III.ix.5–6 | -ight | -ight | *IV.xii.10–11 | -ee [-e] | -ee/-e | V.xi.26–27 | -ight | -ight |
III.ix.52–53 | -y [-ye] | -y | IV.xii.24–25 | -ought | -ought | V.xii.25–26 | -ayne | -aine |
III.xi.38–39 | -ame | -ame | V.ii.22–23 | -ought | -ought [-aught] | VI.Proem.4–5 | -ie | -ie |
III.xii.5–6 | -y | -y | V.ii.40–41 | -ie | -y | VI.i.46–47 | -aine | -aine |
IV.iii.1–2 | -ayne | -aine | V.iii.39–40 | -ights | -ights | VI.ii.18–19 | -ight | -ight |
IV.iii.10–11 | -ake | -ake | V.iv.26–27 | -ay | -ay | VI.iii.3–4 | -ight | -ight |
IV.v.7–8 | -ight | -ight | V.v.18–19 | -ed | -ed | VI.iii.26–27 | -ight | -ight |
*IV.vi.20–21 | -ere [-eare] | -eare | V.vii.33–34 | -aine | -aine | VI.iii.28–29 | -aine | -aine |
IV.vi.28–29 | -all | -all | V.viii.17–18 | -y | -y | VI.v.8–9 | -are [-eare] | -ayre |
IV.vii.28–29 | -eare [-ere] | -ere / -eare | V.ix.3–4 | -ay | -ay | VI.vii.1–2 | -ight | -ight |
IV.vii.34–35 | -ate | -ate | V.x.31–32 | -ight | -ight [-ite] | VI.vii.6–7 | -yde | -yde |
IV.x.42–43 | -ay | -ay | V.xi.20–21 | -ay | -ay | VI.vii.7–8 | -ight | -ite |
IV.xi.49–50 | -ea | -ea | V.xi.24–25 | -ight | -ight | *VI.vii.27–28 | -ee | -ie |
V.i.16–17 | -ie [-y] | -ye | VI.ii.11–12 | -aine | -aine | VI.viii.26–27 | -all | -all |
V.i.22–23 | -all | -all | VI.v.38–39 | -aine | -aine | VI.ix.17–18 | -ell | -ell |
V.iii.3–4 | -ee [-e] | -ie | VI.x.23–24 | -ie [-y] | -ee [-e] | VI.ix.30–31 | -ore | -ore |
V.iv.21–22 | -ight | -ight | VI.xi.41–42 | -est | -est | VI.x.24–25 | -ee [-e] | -ee |
V.iv.38–39 | -ide | -ide | VI.xii.31–32 | -ew | -ew | VI.xii.14–15 | -are | -aire |
V.v.13–14 | -ye [-ie] | -y | ||||||
V.vii.40–41 | -ought | -ought | ||||||
V.x.10–11 | -ight | -ight | ||||||
V.x.20–21 | -ight | -ight | ||||||
V.xi.9–10 | -y | -ie | ||||||
*V.xi.49–50 | -ight | -ight | ||||||
V.xii.30–31 | -y | -y | ||||||
VI.i.29–30 | -ight | -ight | ||||||
VI.ii.42–43 | -ight | -ight | ||||||
VI.iii.33–34 | -ight | -ight | ||||||
VI.iii.43–44 | -ee | -y | ||||||
VI.iv.1–2 | -ight | -ight | ||||||
VI.iv.3–4 | -ight | -ight | ||||||
VI.iv.22–23 | -aine | -aine | ||||||
VI.v.22–23 | -ew | -ew | ||||||
VI.v.29–30 | -ynd | -inde | ||||||
VI.vi.3–4 | -ight | -ight | ||||||
VI.vi.6–7 | -ie | -ie | ||||||
VI.vi.30–31 | -yte | -ight | ||||||
VI.ix.25–26 | -eare [-ere] | -eare | ||||||
VI.x.31–32 | -aine | -aine | ||||||
VI.xi.45–46 | -ore | -ore | ||||||
VI.xii.13–14 | -ell | -ell | ||||||
VI.xii.37–38 | -ight | -ight | ||||||
A4 b-rhyme to b-rhyme run-ons | A5 c-rhyme to c-rhyme run-ons | A6 a-rhyme to a-rhyme run-ons | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Book, canto and stanza numbers | b-rhyme ending | b-rhyme ending | Book, canto and stanza numbers | c-rhyme ending | c-rhyme ending | Book, canto and stanza numbers | a-rhyme ending | a-rhyme ending |
I.iii.34–35 | -eare | -eare | I.Proem.1–2 | -ong | -ong | I.i.42–43 | -ake | -ake |
I.iv.9–10 | -ayne | -ayne | I.i.18–19 | -aine | -aine | I.ii.15–16 | -ide | -ide |
I.iv.29–30 | -ore | -aw | I.iii.13–14 | -ay | -ay | I.ii.33–34 | -e/-ee | -ee |
I.iv.43–44 | -y | -ye/-y | I.v.52–53 | -yde | -yde | I.ii.43–44 | -ight | -ight |
I.v.3–4 | -y [-ye] | -y [-ye] | I.vi.46–47 | -aid | -ayd | *I.v.8–9 | -ight | -ight |
I.v.29–30 | -ay | -ay | I.vii.10–11 | -ayde [-ade] | -ade [-ayde] | I.vi.30–31 | -aire | -are |
I.viii.48–49 | -ight | -ight | I.viii.28–29 | -all | -all | I.viii.7–8 | -ight | -ight |
I.ix.25–26 | -ee [-ie] | -ye [-y] | ||||||
I.ix.26–27 | -ye [-y] | -ee | ||||||
I.x.6–7 | -ee | -ee | I.x.9–10 | -ay | -ay | I.viii.10–11 | -ownd | -ound/ -ownd |
II.i.15–16 | -ent | -ent | I.xi.1–2 | -ake | -ake | I.x.13–14 | -ite/ight | -ight |
II.iv.19–20 | -ee | -ee [-ie] | I.xi.30–31 | -ell | -ell | I.x.64–65 | -ace | -ace |
II.iv.27–28 | -ayd | -ayd [-ade] | I.xii.33–34 | -esse | -esse | II.i.31–32 | -ame | -ame |
II.iv.39–40 | -ee | -y [-ye] | II.i.34–35 | -ay | -ay | II.i.57–58 | -yre | -ire/-yre |
II.iv.42–43 | -ight | -ight | II.iii.8–9 | -ee | -y | II.ii.16–17 | -ame | -ame |
II.iv.45–46 | -ight | -ight | II.v.17–18 | -ee | -ee | II.iii.32–33 | -ew | -ew |
II.vi.7–8 | -ight | -ight | II.vii.52–53 | -y | -ee | II.iv.1–2 | -eede/-eed | -eed |
II.vi.25–26 | -art | -art | II.vii.61–62 | -y [-ye] | -y [-ye] | II.iv.4–5 | -alke | -alke |
II.vii.32–33 | -end | -end | II.viii.15–16 | -ight | -ight | II.iv.23–24 | -y | -ee |
II.viii.6–7 | -ay | -ay | II.viii.40–41 | -ond | -ond | II.iv.29–30 | -ight | -ight |
II.viii.24–25 | -ight | -ight | *II.ix.51–52 | -ies | -yes | *II.vii.49–50 | -ight | -ight |
II.viii.42–43 | -ore | -ore | II.ix.53–54 | -y | -ee | II.vii.53–54 | -ight | -ight |
II.viii.45–46 | -ade | -ayd | II.x.49–50 | -ayd [-ade] | -ayd | II.viii.9–10 | -ace | -ace |
II.xi.46–47 | -ake | -ake | II.x.32–33 | -aine | -aine | |||
II.xii.6–7 | -ent | -ent | II.x.39–40 | -ay | -ay | |||
II.x.41–42 | -aise/-aies | -ayes [-aies/-aise] | II.xii.15–16 | -ight | -ite [-ight] | II.x.54–55 | -ide | -yde |
II.xi.43–44 | -ayne | -ayne | *II.xii.47–48 | -ee | -ee | II.xii.3–4 | -ight | -ight |
II.xii.49–50 | -ide | -ide | II.xii.54–55 | -ed | -ed | II.xii.10–11 | -an | -an |
III.i.66–67 | -ayd | -ayd/-ade | III.i.11–12 | -yde | -yde | II.xii.44–45 | -y | -y |
III.ii.29–30 | -ight | -ight | III.ii.5–6 | -ed | -ead | *II.xii.74–75 | -ay | -ay |
III.ii.38–39 | -aw | -ore | III.ii.13–14 | -ight | -ight | III.i.24–25 | -ame | -ame |
III.vi.46–47 | -y | -ie [-ee] | III.ii.30–31 | -ead | -ed | III.i.27–28 | -oue | -oue |
III.vii.28–29 | -ight | -ight | III.ii.45–46 | -ight | -ight | III.i.33–34 | -ed | -ed |
III.ix.24–25 | -ee | -y [-ye] | III.iii.37–38 | -y | -y [-ye] | III.ii.1–2 | -ind | -inde/-ind |
III.x.15–16 | -ame | -ame | III.iii.40–41 | -ent | -ent | III.ii.5–6 | -owre | -owre |
III.xii.19–20 | -ight | -ight | III.iv.16–17 | -ore | -ore | III.ii.29–30 | -est | -est |
[III.xii.45–46] | -ight | -ite | III.v.40–41 | -ight | -ight | III.iii.43–44 | -ed | -ed |
IV.ii.22–23 | -ell | -ell | III.ix.16–17 | -ow | -oe | III.iii.49–50 | -ade | -ayd |
IV.ii.23–24 | -ell | -ell | III.ix.21–22 | -ee | -ye | III.iv.18–19 | -ent | -ent |
IV.iv.25–26 | -aine | -aine [-ane] | III.ix.42–43 | -ood | -oud | III.iv.28–29 | -ownd | -ownd |
IV.v.11–12 | -eene | -eene | IV.i.22–23 | -iue | -iue | III.v.33–34 | -aine | -ayne |
IV.v.16–17 | -ame | -ame | *IV.i.26–27 | -ed | -ed | III.vii.58–59 | -ee | -ee |
IV.ix.3–4 | -aine | -ayne | IV.i.39–40 | -ight | -ight | III.viii.48–49 | -ew | -ew |
IV.xi.32–33 | -ye [-y] | -y | IV.iv.41–42 | -ight | -ight | III.ix.42–43 | -yue/-iue | -iue |
V.i.8–9 | -ight | -ight | IV.vi.35–36 | -eare | -eare | III.x.16–17 | -ere/-eare | -ere |
V.viii.26–27 | -ight | -ight | IV.viii.1–2 | -ay | -ay | III.x.29–30 | -ew | -ew |
V.x.9–10 | -ion [-on] | -on [-ion/-one] | IV.viii.58–59 | -ee | -ee | IV.iv.6–7 | -ent | -ent |
V.x.16–17 | -ayre/-are | -are | V.Proem.2–3 | -ed | -ed | IV.iv.29–30 | -eare/-ere | -eare |
V.x.36–37 | -ay | -ay | V.i.26–27 | -ead | -ead | IV.vi.15–16 | -eat | -eat |
V.xi.16–17 | -ight | -ight | V.ii.17–18 | -ight | -ight | *IV.vi.20–21 | -eare | -eare |
V.xi.25–26 | -ight | -ight | V.iii.15–16 | -ell | -ell | IV.vi.43–44 | -ed | -ed |
V.xi.35–36 | -ent | -ent | V.iv.17–18 | -eeme | -eeme | IV.vii.30–31 | -ed | -ed |
V.xi.51–52 | -ay | -ay | V.iv.47–48 | -ight | -ight | IV.viii.17–18 | -ed | -ead |
V.xi.55–56 | -aine | -aine | V.vi.4–5 | -eare | -eare [-ere] | IV.viii.44–45 | -aine | -aine |
V.xii.9–10 | -aine/-ayne | -aine | V.vi.18–19 | -ent | -ent | IV.ix.8–9 | -eld | -eld |
VI.ii.3–4 | -ay | -ay | V.vi.37–38 | -ight | -ight | IV.xi.4–5 | -ell | -ell |
VI.iii.20–21 | -ight | -ight [-ite] | V.viii.3–4 | -ent | -ent | V.iii.12–13 | -aine | -aine |
VI.iii.40–41 | -ight | -ight [-ite] | *V.viii.16–17 | -ie [-I] | -y | V.iv.17–18 | -ayd | -ayd |
VI.v.17–18 | -ight | -ight/-ite | V.viii.37–38 | -ew | -ew | V.v.15–16 | -ight | -ight |
VI.v.26–27 | -ine [-yne/-aine] | -aine | V.ix.9–10 | -ed | -ed | V.vi.26–27 | -ight | -ight |
VI.vi.3–4 | -ayes [-ay] | -aies | V.ix.49–50 | -all | -all | V.vi.28–29 | -ore | -ore |
VI.viii.41–42 | -eare | -ere [-eare] | V.x.18–19 | -y | -y | V.viii.2–3 | -aine | -aine/-iane |
*VI.x.21–22 | -ee | -ee [-e] | V.xi.12–13 | -ooke | -ooke | V.ix.45–46 | -art | -art |
V.xii.36–37 | -ad | -ad | V.x.21–22 | -ight | -ight | |||
VI.i.14–15 | -ight | -ight | V.x.23–24 | -oe | -oe | |||
VI.iii.28–29 | -ide | -yde | *V.xi.49–50 | -ight | -ight | |||
VI.iii.29–30 | -yde | -yde [-ide] | VI.Proem.5–6 | -ie | -y/-ie | |||
VI.iv.4–5 | -eare [-eere] | -eare | VI.i.30–31 | -ight | -ight | |||
VI.vi.7–8 | -aine | -aine [-ane] | VI.i.32–33 | -ame | -ame | |||
VI.vi.26–27 | -ight | -ight [-ite] | VI.iii.17–18 | -ent | -ent | |||
VI.vii.4–5 | -eed | -eed | VI.iii.31–32 | -ame | -ame | |||
VI.vii.8–9 | -ore | -ore | VI.vi.41–42 | -ayned | -ayned | |||
VI.vii.29–30 | -ight | -ight | VI.vii.8–9 | -ite | -ight | |||
VI.vii.30–31 | -ight | -ight | VI.vii.12–13 | -ie | -ie | |||
VI.viii.8–9 | -y | -y | *VI.vii.27–28 | -ie/ee | -ie | |||
*VI.x.22–23 | -y | -ie [-y] | VI.xi.49–50 | -ere | -eare | |||
VI.xi.2–3 | -ew | -ew | ||||||
VI.xi.48–49 | -ide | -ide | ||||||
VI.xii.3–4 | -eare [-ere] | -ere | ||||||
A7 a-rhyme to b-rhyme run-ons | A8 b-rhyme to c-rhyme run-ons | A9 a-rhyme to c-rhyme run-ons | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Book, canto and stanza numbers | a-rhyme ending | b-rhyme ending | Book, canto and stanza numbers | b-rhyme ending | c-rhyme ending | Book, canto and stanza numbers | a-rhyme ending | c-rhyme ending |
I.i.34–35 | -as | -as | I.i.39–40 | -eepe | -eepe | I.i.38–39 | -edd | -ed |
I.ii.13–14 | -ay | -ay | I.ii.2–3 | -ight | -ight | I.vii.24–25 | -ound/-ownd | -ound |
I.ii.34–35 | -ee | -ee | I.iv.12–13 | -ie [e] | -ee | I.viii.24–25 | -ay | -ay |
I.v.11–12 | -ake | -ake | I.iv.41–42 | -ight | -ight | I.viii.32–33 | -ee | -ee |
I.vi.27–28 | -ay | -ay | I.iv.44–45 | -y/-ye | -ye | II.vii.49–50 | -ight | -ight |
I.vi.34–35 | -ay | -ay | I.v.16–17 | -ee | -y | I.ix.13–14 | -ight | -ight |
I.viii.4–5 | -ownd | -ownd | I.v.33–34 | -y | -y | I.x.1–2 | -ight | -ight |
I.viii.44–45 | -ight | -ight | I.v.44–45 | -ay | -ay | I.xi.29–30 | -ell | -ell |
I.ix.26–27 | -e/-ee/-y | -ee | I.viii.26–27 | -ie | -ee | I.xi.51–52 | -eare | -eare |
I.x.26–27 | -ay | -ay | *I.x.23–24 | -ight | -ight | II.i.3–4 | -ight | -ight [-yte] |
I.x.42–43 | -ead/-ed | -ead | I.x.30–31 | -are | -ayre | II.ix.13–14 | -y/-ye | -ye [-y] |
I.xii.8–9 | -ent | -ent | I.xi.16–17 | -ight | -ight | II.ix.47–48 | -ell | -ell |
I.xii.17–18 | -ise | -ize | I.xii.21–22 | -eare | -eare | *II.ix.51–52 | -yes | -yes |
II.iv.3–4 | -ay | -ay | II.ii.10–11 | -ell | -ell | II.ix.57–58 | -is | -is |
II.vii.5–6 | -ide | -ide | II.iv.25–26 | -eare | -eare | II.xi.3–4 | -ay | -ay |
II.viii.35–36 | -yde | -yde | II.v.5–6 | -ent | -ent | II.xi.8–9 | -ent | -ent |
II.ix.43–44 | -ame | -ame | II.v.19–20 | -ee | -ight | II.xii.32–33 | -y | -y |
II.x.33–34 | -aine | -ayne | II.v.22–23 | -ight | -ight | III.i.47–48 | -ight | -ight |
II.x.43–44 | -ayne | -ayne | II.v.36–37 | -ight | -ight | III.ii.25–26 | -ownd | -ound |
II.xi.14–15 | -ayn | -ayne/-aine | II.vii.59–60 | -ye [-y] | -y [-ye] | III.iii.36–37 | -y | -y |
II.xi.24–25 | -yde | -ide | II.viii.7–8 | -ay | -ay | III.v.15–16 | -ight | -ight |
II.xi.39–40 | -ight | -ight | II.viii.43–44 | -ore | -ore | III.v.30–31 | -ight | -ight |
II.xi.46–47 | -ands | -ands | II.ix.32–33 | -ought | -ought | III.vii.2–3 | -ent | -ent |
II.xii.75–76 | -ay | -ay | II.x.59–60 | -ight | -ight | III.ix.5–6 | -ay | -ay |
II.xii.79–80 | -ee/-e | -ee | II.xii.12–13 | -ed | -ed | III.xi.16–17 | -est | -est |
III.i.58–59 | -ight | -ight | II.xii.27–28 | -y | -y | IV.i.12–13 | -ight | -ight |
III.ii.34–35 | -aine | -aine | II.xii.30–31 | -ill | -ill | IV.i.38–39 | -ight | -ight |
III.ii.35–36 | -y/-ye | -y/-ye | III.i.30–31 | -ight | -ight | IV.iii.51–52 | -ere | -ere |
III.iv.40–41 | -ill | -ill | III.ii.1–2 | -ee | -y | IV.iv.10–11 | -y | -y |
III.iv.45–46 | -ew | -ew | III.iii.14–15 | -end | -end | IV.vi.34–35 | -eare | -eare |
III.iv.60–61 | -aine | -aine | III.iv.27–28 | -ate | -ate | IV.xi.20–21 | -ame | -ame |
III.vii.6–7 | -ound | -ound | III.v.7–8 | -ight | -ight | V.i.5–6 | -ought/-aught | -aught [-ought] |
III.vii.32–33 | -y | -y | III.v.19–20 | -ite | -ight | V.ii.44–45 | -ayd | -ayd |
III.ix.33–34 | -ame | -ame | III.viii.38–39 | -ight | -ight | V.iii.10–11 | -et | -et |
III.x.6–7 | -yde | -yde | III.x.23–24 | -ere | -ere | V.iii.23–24 | -ought | -ought |
III.xi.6–7 | -eare | -eare | III.x.44–45 | -edd | -edd | V.iv.8–9 | -ay | -ay |
III.xii.16–17 | -ere | -eare [-ere] | III.xii.7–8 | -eare | -eare | V.viii.8–9 | -ooke/-oke | -ooke |
IV.ii.3–4 | -ight | -ight | [III.xii.43–44] | -esse | -esse | VI.i.31–32 | -ight | -ight |
IV.iii.17–18 | -ent | -ent | IV.ii.24–25 | -ell | -ell | VI.ii.27–28 | -e | -ee |
IV.iv.1–2 | -ell | -ell | IV.ii.45–46 | -ood | -ood | VI.iii.19–20 | -ee | -ee |
IV.vii.1–2 | -art/-arts | -art | IV.iv.9–10 | -ight | -ight | VI.iii.34–35 | -ight | -ight |
IV.viii.38–39 | -eed | -eede [-eed] | IV.iv.40–41 | -ight | -ight | VI.iv.2–3 | -ight | -ight |
IV.viii.45–46 | -aine | -aine | IV.vi.22–23 | -ee | -ie | VI.vii.19–20 | -ight | -ight |
IV.viii.63–64 | -ie | -ie | VI.vii.46–47 | -orde | -orde | |||
IV.x.6–7 | -ong | -ong | IV.vii.27–28 | -eare | -eare [-ere] | VI.viii.9–10 | -aine | -aine |
IV.xi.28–29 | -ay | -ay | IV.viii.57–58 | -ie [-y] | -ee | *V.viii.16–17 | -ie | -y |
*IV.xii.10–11 | -e/-ee | -e/-ee | IV.ix.27–28 | -onne | -onne | VI.x.10–11 | -ight | -ight |
IV.xii.29–30 | -aine | -aine | V.ii.52–53 | -ew | -ew | VI.x.38–39 | -er | -er |
V.Proem.7–8 | -ight | -ight | V.iv.15–16 | -and | -and | VI.xii.8–9 | -ore | -ore |
V.i.17–18 | -ye | -ie [y] | V.iv.46–47 | -ight | -ight | VI.xii.14–15 | -ell | -ell |
V.i.25–26 | -ight | -ight | V.v.55–56 | -ie [-ye] | -ye | |||
V.ii.49–50 | -ay | -ay | V.vi.36–37 | -ight | -ight | |||
V.iii.33–34 | -ake | -ake | V.vii.10–11 | -aine | -aine | |||
V.v.8–9 | -ay | -ay | V.viii.25–26 | -ay | -ay | |||
V.vii.26–27 | -est | -est | V.viii.45–46 | -ight | -ight | |||
V.x.1–2 | -art | -art | V.viii.46–47 | -ere | -ere [-eare] | |||
V.x.34–35 | -yde | -yde | V.ix.33–34 | -all | -all | |||
V.xii.11–12 | -ay | -ay | V.x.19–20 | -ight | -ight | |||
V.xii.19–20 | -eare | -eare | *V.x.29–30 | -one | -onne | |||
VI.Proem.3–4 | -y | -ie | V.x.30–31 | -ight | -ight | |||
VI.i.1–2 | -all | -all | V.x.32–33 | -ight [-ite] | -ight | |||
VI.ii.6–7 | -ayne | -aine | V.xii.12–13 | -ay | -ay | |||
VI.ii.29–30 | -ight | -ight | V.xii.15–16 | -ight | -ight | |||
VI.ii.44–45 | -ad | -ad | VI.i.16–17 | -eare [-ere] | -eare | |||
VI.iii.46–47 | -ide | -yde | VI.iii.41–42 | -ight | -ight | |||
VI.iv.23–24 | -aine | -aine [-ayme] | VI.x.33–34 | -ate | -ate | |||
VI.vii.9–10 | -ight | -ight | *VI.x.21–22 | -ee | -y | |||
VI.viii.7–8 | -ay | -ay | *VI.x.22–23 | -e/-ee | -ie/-y | |||
VI.x.17–18 | -ight | -ight | VI.xii.24–25 | -eare [-ere] | -eare [-ere] | |||
VI.x.40–41 | -ay | -ay | ||||||
VI.xi.48–49 | -ay | -ay | ||||||
Total run-ons | |
c-a | 94 |
c-b | 70 |
b-a | 70 |
b-b | 61 |
c-c | 77 |
a-a | 74 |
a-b | 71 |
b-c | 68 |
a-c | 50 |
Altogether | 635 |
Degrees of Separation |
0 lines intervening between c-a run-on |
1 intervening line between c-b run-on |
2 intervening lines between b-a run-on |
3 intervening lines between b-b run-on |
5 intervening lines between c-c run-on |
6 intervening lines between a-a run-on |
7 intervening lines between a-b run-on |
7 intervening lines between b-c run-on |
11 intervening lines between a-c run-on |
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Dubow, B. (2024). A Fruitful-Headed Beast?: Rhyme in The Faerie Queene. In: Stenner, R., Shinn, A. (eds) Edmund Spenser and Animal Life . Palgrave Studies in Animals and Literature. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-42641-4_10
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