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Nano-reinforced Ternary Lime-Based Composites for Structural Health Monitoring of Cultural Heritage Monuments

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Advanced Nondestructive and Structural Techniques for Diagnosis, Redesign and Health Monitoring for the Preservation of Cultural Heritage (TMM 2023)

Part of the book series: Springer Proceedings in Materials ((SPM,volume 33))

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Abstract

Τhe development of ternary lime-based cementitious nanocomposites for applications related to the restoration/conservation of Cultural Heritage Monuments is investigated. The research aim is to transform the material into a sensor by dispersing carbon nanostructures in the restoration material matrix in order to form electrically conductive paths. Measurement of the electrical resistance of the material can be exploited as an non-destructive method to prognose on the structural health of the restored members (working pronciple). Commercially available graphene nanoplatelets (GnPs), within the range of 0.15 to 1.0 wt.% of the binder, were incorporated in ternary pastes consisting of lime, pozzolan (metakaolin) and cement. The effect of superplasticizer on the dispersion capability of the GnPs was also examined and different ratios of superplasticizer per nanomaterial were investigated. The mechanical properties of the newly developed nanocomposite pastes were examined and compared against the respective properties of the reference paste. It was concluded that the incorporation of graphene nanoplatelets significantly increases the compressive strength, while at the same time decreases the flexural strength of the nanocomposites. Regarding the correlation between the SP/GnPs ratio and the mechanical properties, the addition of double quantity of superplasticizer in low concentrations (0.15 wt.%) slightly increases the compressive and flexural strength while the opposite is noticed at higher concentrations (i.e., 1.0 wt.%). The experimental results strongly indicate the potential use of the nanocomposite binder for structural health monitoring purposes of Cultural Heritage Monuments.

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Acknowledgements

This research is funded by the e-Infrastructure “Interregional Digital Transformation for Culture and Tourism in Aegean Archipelagos” {Code Number MIS 5047046}, which is implemented within the framework of the “Regional Excellence” Action of the Operational Program “Competitiveness, Entrepreneurship and Innovation”. The action is co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) and the Greek State [Partnership Agreement 2014- 2020]. The authors would also like to thank the Sika Hellas ABEE Company for the charge-free supply of the superplasticizer (ViscoCrete 5600 HS) as well as the Dalkafouki Oikos Ltd. for providing us with the building materials Hydrated Lime (CaO Hellas) and Cement (Aalborg White® CEM I 52,5 N-Made in Denmark).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Engineering, Department of Financial Engineering, University of the Aegean, Research Unit of Advanced Materials, 41 Kountouriotou Str, 821 32, Chios, Greece

    Maria-Evangelia Stogia & Nikolaos D. Alexopoulos

  2. School of Applied Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Department of Mechanics, Laboratory for Testing and Materials, National Technical University of Athens, Theocaris Building, Zografou Campus, 157 80, Athens, Greece

    Stavros K. Kourkoulis

Authors
  1. Maria-Evangelia Stogia
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  2. Stavros K. Kourkoulis
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  3. Nikolaos D. Alexopoulos
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Nikolaos D. Alexopoulos .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Fraunhofer Institute for Nondestructive, Saarland University of Applied Sciences, Saarbrücken, Germany

    Ahmad Osman

  2. National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece

    Antonia Moropoulou

  3. National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece

    Kyriakos Lampropoulos

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Stogia, ME., Kourkoulis, S.K., Alexopoulos, N.D. (2024). Nano-reinforced Ternary Lime-Based Composites for Structural Health Monitoring of Cultural Heritage Monuments. In: Osman, A., Moropoulou, A., Lampropoulos, K. (eds) Advanced Nondestructive and Structural Techniques for Diagnosis, Redesign and Health Monitoring for the Preservation of Cultural Heritage. TMM 2023. Springer Proceedings in Materials, vol 33. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-42239-3_12

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