Already in 1920, in a report to the UK Minister of Health, the concept of team-based care was conceived [1]. Now, PubMed shows no less than 61,496 hits when one searches for “multidisciplinary.” This short chapter is certainly not a plea to approach each and every medical problem by a team of specialists, but in cross-disciplinary caseload, today interdisciplinary care is mandatory. As we will see, when, for example, treating patients with Graves’ disease, a multidisciplinary approach is highly recommended [2, 3].

Pathology in and around the orbit is typically an area where many medical disciplines intersect: ophthalmology, oral and maxillofacial surgery, ENT, plastic surgery, and endocrinology. Despite the expertise of every single specialist, tunnel vision is a threat and can lead to misdiagnosis.

With the introduction of medical specialists from different fields working closely together, this tendency for tunnel vision is coming to an end. In 1994, Stoll et al. [4] argued that “orbital complications of various pathogenesis” are best treated by interdisciplinary teamwork. The advantage of working with a multidisciplinary team will equate to a superior outcome for the patient: The end result of that input is much more than the sum of its parts. Also, the multidisciplinary consultation hour can serve as a real goldmine for the participating doctors during which much can be achieved. In order for this system to work effectively, each doctor needs to maintain their knowledge and associated skills by treating a minimum number of patients annually.

In the Netherlands, every doctor is allowed to perform any medical treatment, provided he/she does it according to the rules of the current “medical art”

In the Amphia Hospital in Breda, Netherlands, we have set up a collaboration between oral and maxillofacial surgeons, endocrinologists, and ophthalmologists. Over the past 15 years, this has proved to be very beneficial in treating ocular-related pathology. Our main focus has been Graves’ orbitopathy and orbital fractures, but related problems often revealed themselves during collaboration.

For those doctors who pursue the same goal as we have or those who are interested in both orbital surgery and ophthalmic orbital pathology, we hope our book “CrossRoads” is a valuable resource. It is not our aim to give a full description of all diseases, disorders, and treatments that exist in these fields; however, we have tried to provide an overview of some of the problems we have encountered and, hence, raise the interest for further reading.