Women as Agents of Change in Some Dance Traditions of Orogun People of Delta State

Abstract

Extensive research in folklore and oral traditions has often portrayed dance traditions as a predominantly masculine art. Concurrently, studies exploring gender dynamics across diverse cultures have frequently depicted women as powerless and subservient. This portrayal not only perpetuates a negative and diminutive image of women but also overlooks their significant role in instigating societal change and fostering a more favorable social, cultural, and economic environment. However, there are exceptions to this prevailing narrative, as exemplified by the Orogun people of Delta State in Nigeria, who perceive women differently. Within the Orogun community, women are regarded as pivotal agents in driving their society’s transition from traditional norms to a new order, a transformation that takes place annually. This study delves into the status of women in the Orogun community as catalysts for change, focusing on various dance traditions integral to the community’s major traditional festival performance: Erosefe. The research employs a qualitative approach, utilizing observation and interviews to glean insights into the forms of power wielded by women through their participation in these dances and the resulting implications for societal transformation. Through an analysis of these dances using myth and archetypal criticism, several key findings emerge. Firstly, women harness diverse forms of power through these dances, effectively combating societal issues such as disease, mortality, scarcity, infertility, guilt, curses, and proscribed behaviours. Secondly, the changes initiated within the society through these dances are comprehensive, ecstatic, innovative, and contribute to an enhanced sense of security. This study significantly contributes to our comprehension of the multifaceted roles and powers held by women when viewed through various lenses. It also contributes to a more balanced gender narrative within the context of Urhobo culture in Nigeria and African folklore at large. By shedding light on the non-diminishing stature of women in society, this research enriches the ongoing discourse surrounding cultural perceptions of women’s roles and their impact on societal progress.