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Potential Pharmaceutical and Non-pharmaceutical Approaches to Obesity and Diabetes: Focus on Inflammation

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Obesity, Diabetes and Inflammation

Part of the book series: Contemporary Endocrinology ((COE))

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Abstract

The relationship between obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2D), and the immune system is an area of great interest. Chronic, low-grade inflammation is a feature of both obesity and T2D. Studies have shown that a reduction in weight leads to an improvement in inflammation and increased insulin sensitivity. This chapter explores the role of pharmacotherapy and lifestyle interventions in treating obesity and T2D and the impact these therapies have on inflammation.

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Abbreviations

AHA:

American Heart Association

AMPK:

Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase

ATM:

Adipose tissue macrophages

BMI:

Body mass index

CRP:

C-reactive protein

CVD:

Cardiovascular disease

DASH:

Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet

DII:

Dietary inflammatory index

FDA:

Food and Drug Administration

GIP:

Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide

GLP-1:

Glucagon-like peptide 1

HbA1c:

Glycosylated hemoglobin

hsCRP:

High-sensitivity C-reactive protein

IL-10:

Interleukin 10

IL-1Ra:

Interleukin 1 receptor antagonist

IL-1β:

Interleukin 1 beta

IL-6:

Interleukin 6

LPS:

Lipopolysaccharide

MRCC-I:

Mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I

NLRP-3:

NOD-like receptor protein 3

PPARγ:

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma

SGLT2:

Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2

T2D:

Type 2 diabetes

TNFα:

Tumor-necrosis factor alpha

Treg:

T regulatory cells

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Internal Medicine, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY, USA

    Raihan El-Naas

  2. Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Comprehensive Weight Control Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA

    Sarah R. Barenbaum, Alpana P. Shukla & Louis J. Aronne

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  2. Sarah R. Barenbaum
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  3. Alpana P. Shukla
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  4. Louis J. Aronne
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Correspondence to Sarah R. Barenbaum .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Friedman Diabetes Institute, Lenox Hill Hospital, New York, NY, USA

    Dimiter Avtanski

  2. Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY, USA

    Leonid Poretsky

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El-Naas, R., Barenbaum, S.R., Shukla, A.P., Aronne, L.J. (2023). Potential Pharmaceutical and Non-pharmaceutical Approaches to Obesity and Diabetes: Focus on Inflammation. In: Avtanski, D., Poretsky, L. (eds) Obesity, Diabetes and Inflammation. Contemporary Endocrinology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-39721-9_10

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-39721-9_10

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  • Online ISBN: 978-3-031-39721-9

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