Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Tobacco Control and Lung Cancer Screening to Address Disparities

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Cancer Health Disparities

  • 107 Accesses

Abstract

Health promotion and disease prevention behaviors play an important role in cancer risk and outcomes. In particular, cigarette smoking is one of the leading causes of cancer mortality; more than 80% of deaths from lung cancer are due to cigarette smoking. Smoking cessation, along with utilization of evidence-based approaches for early detection (e.g., low-dose computed tomography), is critical to addressing lung cancer disparities. Research is now being conducted to identify barriers and facilitators to lung cancer screening among medically underserved groups. Studies are also being done to increase smoking cessation among these groups. This chapter views multilevel determinants of tobacco use, smoking cessation, and lung cancer early detection among African Americans and describes future efforts and research priorities to reduce racial disparities in lung cancer risk and outcomes.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. American Cancer Society. Cancer facts and figures, 2022. Atlanta: American Cancer Society; 2022.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Behavioral risk factor surveillance survey data. 2020. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/brfss/data_tools.htm

  3. Leventhal AM, Dai H, Higgins ST. Smoking cessation prevalence and inequalities in the United States: 2014–2019. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2022;114(3):381–90.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Watson KS, Blok AC, Buscemi J, Molina Y, Fitzgibbon M, Simon MA, Williams L, Matthews K, Studts JL, Lillie SE, Ostroff JS, Carter-Harris L, Winn RA. Society of Behavioral Medicine supports implementation of high quality lung cancer screening in high-risk populations. Transl Behav Med. 2016 Dec;6(4):669–71.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Zeliadt SB, Hoffman RM, Birkby G, Eberth JM, Brenner AT, Reuland DS, Flocke SA. Challenges implementing lung cancer screening in federally qualified health centers. Am J Prev Med. 2018 Apr;54(4):568–75.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. National Cancer Institute. A socioecological approach to addressing tobacco-related health disparities, National Cancer Institute Tobacco Control monograph 22. Bethesda: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute; 2017.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Ahluwalia JS, Harris KJ, Catley D, Okuyemi KS, Mayo MS. Sustained-release bupropion for smoking cessation in African Americans: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2002;288:468–74.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Cox LS, Nollen NL, Mayo MS, et al. Bupropion for smoking cessation in African American light smokers: a randomized controlled trial. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2012;104:290–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. African Americans and tobacco use. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/disparities/african-americans/

  10. Barbeau EM, Krieger N, Soobader MJ. Working class matters: socioeconomic disadvantage, race/ethnicity, gender, and smoking in NHIS 2000. Am J Public Health. 2004;94:269–78.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Winkleby MA, Cubbin C, Ahn DK, Kraemer HC. Pathways by which SES and ethnicity influence cardiovascular disease risk factors. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1999;896:191–209.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Kendzor DE, Cofta-Woerpel LM, Mazas CA, et al. Socioeconomic status, negative affect, and modifiable cancer risk factors in African-American smokers. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarker Prev. 2008;17:2546–54.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Kendzor DE, Costello TJ, Li Y, et al. Race/ethnicity and multiple cancer risk factors among individuals seeking smoking cessation treatment. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarker Prev. 2008;17:2937–45.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Williams DR, Yan Y, Jackson JS, Anderson NB. Racial differences in physical and mental health: socio-economic status, stress and discrimination. J Health Psychol. 1997;2:335–51.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Ahluwalia JS, Resnicow K, Clark WS. Knowledge about smoking, reasons for smoking, and reasons for wishing to quit in inner-city African Americans. Ethn Dis. 1998;8:385–93.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Royce JM, Hymowitz N, Corbett K, Hartwell TD, Orlandi MA. Smoking cessation factors among African Americans and whites. COMMIT Research Group. Am J Public Health. 1993;83:220–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Ryan KK, Garrett-Mayer E, Alberg AJ, Cartmell KB, Carpenter MJ. Predictors of cessation pharmacotherapy use among black and non-Hispanic white smokers. Nicotine Tob Res. 2011;13:646–52.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Carpenter MJ, Ford ME, Cartmell K, Alberg AJ. Misperceptions of nicotine replacement therapy within racially and ethnically diverse smokers. J Natl Med Assoc. 2011;103:885–94.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Chase EC, McMenamin SB, Halpin HA. Medicaid provider delivery of the 5A’s for smoking cessation counseling. Nicotine Tob Res. 2007;9:1095–101.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Cokkinides VE, Halpern MT, Barbeau EM, Ward E, Thun MJ. Racial and ethnic disparities in smoking-cessation interventions: analysis of the 2005 National Health Interview Survey. Am J Prev Med. 2008;34:404–12.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. Treating tobacco use and dependence. Available at: http://www.ahrq.gov/professionals/clinicians-providers/guidelines-recommendations/tobacco/clinicians/update/index.htmlQuality

  22. U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Final update summary: Tobacco smoking cessation in adults, including pregnant women: Behavioral and pharmacotherapy interventions. September 2015. Available at: https://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/Page/Document/UpdateSummaryFinal/tobacco-use-in-adults-and-pregnant-women-counseling-and-interventions1

  23. Solomon LJ, Hughes JR, Livingston A, et al. Cognitive barriers to calling a smoking quitline. Nicotine Tob Res. 2009;11:1339–46.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Mathew AR, Burris JL, Alberg AJ, Cummings KM, Carpenter MJ. Impact of a brief telephone referral on quitline use, quit attempts and abstinence. Health Educ Res. 2015;30:134–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Webb Hooper M. Racial/ethnic differences in physiological stress and relapse among treatment seeking tobacco smokers. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019;16(17):3090.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Jensen KP, Sofuoglu M. Stress response genes and the severity of nicotine withdrawal. Pharmacogenomics. 2016;17(1):1–3.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Wong JA, Pickworth WB, Waters AJ, al’Absi M, Leventhal AM. Cortisol levels decrease after acute tobacco abstinence in regular smokers. Hum Psychopharm Clin. 2014;29(2):152–62.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Richards JM, Stipelman BA, Bornovalova MA, Daughters SB, Sinha R, Lejuez CW. Biological mechanisms underlying the relationship between stress and smoking: state of the science and directions for future work. Biol Psychol. 2011;88(1):1–12.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Buchmann AF, Laucht M, Schmid B, Wiedemann K, Mann K, Zimmermann US. Cigarette craving increases after a psychosocial stress test and is related to cortisol stress response but not to dependence scores in daily smokers. J Psychopharmacol. 2010;24(2):247–55.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. McKee SA, Sinha R, Weinberger AH, Sofuoglu M, Harrison EL, Lavery M, Wanzer J. Stress decreases the ability to resist smoking and potentiates smoking intensity and reward. J Psychopharmacol. 2011;25(4):490–502.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Childs E, de Wit H. Effects of acute psychosocial stress on cigarette craving and smoking. Nicotine Tob Res. 2010;12(4):449–53.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Piper ME, Cook JW, Schlam TR, Smith SS, Bolt DM, Collins LM, Mermelstein R, Fiore MC, Baker TB. Toward precision smoking cessation treatment II: proximal effects of smoking cessation intervention components on putative mechanisms of action. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2017;171:50–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Piper ME, Schlam TR, Cook JW, Smith SS, Bolt DM, Loh WY, Mermelstein R, Collins LM, Fiore MC, Baker TB. Toward precision smoking cessation treatment I: moderator results from a factorial experiment. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2017;171:59–65.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Lerman C, Schnoll RA, Hawk LW Jr, Cinciripini P, George TP, Wileyto EP, Swan GE, Benowitz NL, Heitjan DF, Tyndale RF, Group P-PR. Use of the nicotine metabolite ratio as a genetically informed biomarker of response to nicotine patch or varenicline for smoking cessation: a randomised, double-blind placebo controlled trial. Lancet. Respir Med. 2015;3(2):131–8.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Allenby CE, Boylan KA, Lerman C, Falcone M. Precision medicine for tobacco dependence: development and validation of the nicotine metabolite ratio. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol. 2016;11(3):471–83.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Chen LS, Horton A, Bierut L. Pathways to precision medicine in smoking cessation treatments. Neurosci Lett. 2018;669:83–92.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Bello MS, Liautaud MM, De La Cerda JT, Pang RD, Ray LA, Ahluwalia JA, Leventhal AM. Association of frequency of perceived exposure to discrimination with tobacco withdrawal symptoms and smoking lapse behavior in African Americans. Addiction. 2021;116(4):914–25.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Kendzor DE, Businelle MS, Reitzel LR, Rios DM, Scheuermann TS, Pulvers K, Ahluwalia JS. Everyday discrimination is associated with nicotine dependence among African American, Latino, and White smokers. Nicotine Tob Res. 2014;16(6):633–40.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. National Lung Screening Trial Research Team, Aberle DR, Adams AM, Berg CD, Black WC, Clapp JD, Fagerstrom RM, Gareen IF, Gatsonis C, Marcus PM, Sicks JD. Reduced lung-cancer mortality with low-dose computed tomographic screening. N Engl J Med. 2011;365(5):395–409.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. US Preventive Services Task Force, Krist AH, Davidson KW, Mangione CM, Barry MJ, Cabana M, Caughey AB, Davis EM, Donahue KE, Doubeni CA, Kubik M, Landefeld CS, Li L, Ogedegbe G, Owens DK, Pbert L, Silverstein M, Stevermer J, Tseng CW, Wong JB. Screening for lung cancer: US preventive services task force recommendation statement. JAMA. 2021 Mar 9;325(10):962–70.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. Rivera MP, Katki HA, Tanner NT, Triplette M, Sakoda LC, Wiener RS, Cardarelli R, Carter-Harris L, Crothers K, Fathi JT, Ford ME, Smith R, Winn RA, Wisnivesky JP, Henderson LM, Aldrich MC. Addressing disparities in lung cancer screening eligibility and healthcare access. An official American Thoracic Society statement. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2020 Oct 1;202(7):e95–112.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  42. Landy R, Young CD, Skarzynski M, Cheung LC, Berg CD, Rivera MP, Robbins HA, Chaturvedi AK, Katki HA. Using prediction models to reduce persistent racial and ethnic disparities in the draft 2020 USPSTF lung cancer screening guidelines. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2021;113(11):1590–4.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. Gross CP, Meyer CS, Ogale S, Kent M, Wong WB. Associations between medicaid insurance, biomarker testing, and outcomes in patients with advanced NSCLC. J Natl Compr Cancer Netw. 2022;20(5):479–87.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  44. Verma V, Haque W, Cushman TR, Lin C, Simone CB 2nd, Chang JY, McClelland S 3rd, Welsh JW. Racial and insurance-related disparities in delivery of immunotherapy-type compounds in the United States. J Immunother. 2019;42(2):55–64.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  45. Aldrighetti CM, Niemierko A, Van Allen E, Willers H, Kamran SC. Racial and ethnic disparities among participants in precision oncology clinical studies. JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(11):e2133205.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  46. Tanner NT, Gebregziabher M, Hughes Halbert C, Payne E, Egede LE, Silvestri GA. Racial differences in outcomes within the National Lung Screening Trial. Implications for widespread implementation. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2015;192(2):200–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  47. St Germain D, Denicoff AM, Dimond EP, Carrigan A, Enos RA, Gonzalez MM, Wilkinson K, Mathiason MA, Duggan B, Einolf S, McCaskill-Stevens W, Bryant DM, Thompson MA, Grubbs SS, Go RS. Use of the National Cancer Institute community cancer centers program screening and accrual log to address cancer clinical trial accrual. J Oncol Pract. 2014;10(2):e73–80.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  48. Parker VA, Clark JA, Leyson J, et al. Patient navigation: development of a protocol for describing what navigators do. Health Serv Res. 2010;45:514–31.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  49. Paskett ED, Harrop JP, Wells KJ. Patient navigation: an update on the state of the science. CA Cancer J Clin. 2011;61:237–49.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  50. Paskett ED, Katz ML, Post DM, et al. The Ohio Patient Navigation Research Program: does the American Cancer Society patient navigation model improve time to resolution in patients with abnormal screening tests? Cancer Epidemiol Biomarker Prev. 2012;21:1620–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  51. Graboyes EM, Sterba KR, Li H, Warren GW, Alberg AJ, Calhoun EA, Nussenbaum B, McCay J, Marsh CH, Osazuwa-Peters N, Neskey DM, Kaczmar JM, Sharma AK, Harper J, Day TA, Hughes-Halbert C. Development and evaluation of a navigation-based, multilevel intervention to improve the delivery of timely, guideline-adherent adjuvant therapy for patients with head and neck cancer. JCO Oncol Pract. 2021;17(10):e1512–23.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  52. Halbert CH, Briggs V, Bowman M, et al. Acceptance of a community-based navigator program for cancer control among urban African Americans. Health Educ Res. 2014;29:97–108.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  53. Lubetkin EI, Lu WH, Krebs P, Yeung H, Ostroff JS. Exploring primary care providers’ interest in using patient navigators to assist in the delivery of tobacco cessation treatment to low income, ethnic/racial minority patients. J Community Health. 2010;35:618–24.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  54. Lasser KE, Kenst KS, Quintiliani LM, et al. Patient navigation to promote smoking cessation among low-income primary care patients: a pilot randomized controlled trial. J Ethn Subst Abus. 2013;12:374–90.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  55. Ruane B, Giamboy TE, Sundaram B, Evans NR, Myers RE, Kane GC. The case for patient navigation in lung cancer screening in vulnerable populations: a systematic review. Popul Health Manag. 2019;22(4):347–61.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  56. Gerber DE, Hamann HA, Santini NO, Abbara S, Chiu H, McGuire M, Quirk L, Zhu H, Lee SJC. Patient navigation for lung cancer screening in an urban safety-net system: protocol for a pragmatic randomized clinical trial. Contemp Clin Trials. 2017;60:78–85.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  57. Percac-Lima S, Ashburner JM, Rigotti NA, Park ER, Chang Y, Kuchukhidze S, Atlas SJ. Patient navigation for lung cancer screening among current smokers in community health centers a randomized controlled trial. Cancer Med. 2018;7(3):894–902.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  58. Cappelletti ER, Kreuter MW, Boyum S, Thompson T. Basic needs, stress and the effects of tailored health communication in vulnerable populations. Health Educ Res. 2015;30(4):591–8.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  59. Gottlieb LM, Hessler D, Long D, Laves E, Burns AR, Amaya A, Sweeney P, Schudel C, Adler NE. Effects of social needs screening and in-person service navigation on child health: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Pediatr. 2016;170(11):e162521.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  60. Hamity C, Jackson A, Peralta L, Bellows J. Perceptions and experience of patients, staff, and clinicians with social needs assessment. Perm J. 2018;22:18–105.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  61. Schickedanz A, Hamity C, Rogers A, Sharp AL, Jackson A. Clinician experiences and attitudes regarding screening for social determinants of health in a large integrated health system. Med Care. 2019;57:S197–201.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  62. Perez-Stable EJ, Herrera B, Jacob P 3rd, Benowitz NL. Nicotine metabolism and intake in black and white smokers. JAMA. 1998;280(2):152–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  63. Ross KC, Gubner NR, Tyndale RF, Hawk LW Jr, Lerman C, George TP, Cinciripini P, Schnoll RA, Benowitz NL. Racial differences in the relationship between rate of nicotine metabolism and nicotine intake from cigarette smoking. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2016;148:1–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  64. Babb S, Malarcher A, Schauer G, Asman K, Jamal A. Quitting smoking among adults – United States, 2000–2015. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2017 Jan 6;65(52):1457–64.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. University of Southern California, California, CA, USA

    Chanita Hughes Halbert

Authors
  1. Chanita Hughes Halbert
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Chanita Hughes Halbert .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of Southern California, California, CA, USA

    Chanita Hughes Halbert, PhD

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2023 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Hughes Halbert, C. (2023). Tobacco Control and Lung Cancer Screening to Address Disparities. In: Hughes Halbert, PhD, C. (eds) Cancer Health Disparities. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-37638-2_6

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation