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Medial Ankle

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Manual of Musculoskeletal Ultrasound

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Abstract

The medial ankle is the location of the tarsal tunnel, through which the tibial nerve courses and is sometimes compressed. Branches of the tibial nerve may also be compromised beyond the tarsal tunnel. Ultrasound helps delineate the causes of nerve injury within and beyond the tarsal tunnel. The medial ankle ligaments are less often injured than their lateral ankle counterparts, but they are accessible for ultrasonic evaluation. Three major tendons, the tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum longus, and flexor hallucis longus, are visible and can be evaluated for tenosynovitis and enthesitis. Flexor retinaculum dysfunction causing subluxation of the tendons may be apparent with dynamic examination, as well as various tendon tears, tendinopathy, and the presence of an accessory peroneus quartus tendon. Intersection syndrome involving the flexor hallucis longus and flexor digitorum longus tendons at the Knot of Henry can be quickly evaluated. With a bit of practice, ultrasound is an invaluable adjunct to history and physical examination.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, USA

    Mark H. Greenberg

  2. Division of Rheumatology, Columbia VA Health Care System, Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, USA

    Alvin Lee Day

  3. Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Advocate Christ Medical Center, Advocate Medical Group, Chicago, IL, USA

    Suliman Alradawi

Authors
  1. Mark H. Greenberg
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  2. Alvin Lee Day
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  3. Suliman Alradawi
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Correspondence to Mark H. Greenberg .

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Greenberg, M.H., Day, A.L., Alradawi, S. (2023). Medial Ankle. In: Manual of Musculoskeletal Ultrasound . Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-37416-6_14

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-37416-6_14

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-031-37415-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-031-37416-6

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